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Movement of lateral hyporheic flow between stream and groundwater

Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第11期60卷 2033-2040页

作者： ZHANG Yu WANG JianLi YANG PingHeng xie shiyou School of Geographical Sciences Southwest UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Karst EnvironmentKey Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges ReservoirMinistry of EducationChongqing 400715China Field Scientific Observation&Research Base ofKarst Eco-environments at Nanchuan in Chongqing Ministry of Land and ResourcesChongqing 408435China Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The hyporbeic zone plays an important role in groundwater and stream water quality protection. To investigate the stream-groundwater interaction mechanisms in the lateral hyporheic zone, this study examined Ma＇an Creek in Chongqing during the dry season from December 2015 to April 2016. The water level, water temperature, pH and CF concentration in the hyporheic zone and groundwater were monitored in situ. The sediment permeability coefficient, stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen and concentration of DOC were analyzed. The results show that the water level changes of hyporheic zone and the movement of hyporheic flow were influenced significantly by the permeability coefficient of sediment. The hyporheic flow approximately 10 cm from the stream bank was clearly affected by precipitation infiltration and evapotranspiration. During the study period, the groundwater recharged the stream, and the impact of groundwater on the hyporheic flow gradually decreased with the flow path. The hyporheic flow approximately 30 cm from the stream bank was still mainly affected by groundwater. Approximately 10-30 cm from the stream bank, the mixing of groundwater with precipitation and stream water intensified. Due to the sediment properties, moisture accumulated approximately 10 cm from the stream bank and drained into the stream via hyporheic flow, with potential impacts on stream water quality.

关键词： Hyporheic zone Lateral hyporheic flow Permeability coefficient Hydrogen and oxygen isotopes Ma'an Creek

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Effects of Organic Compound Fertilizers on Soil Water Infiltration Characteristics

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2020年第4期9卷 104-110,167页

作者： Jianqi LAN shiyou xie School of Geography Sciences Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment Ministry of EducationChongqing 400715China

In order to study the effects of organic compound fertilizers on soil water infiltration characteristics,an indoor one-dimensional soil column water infiltration test was carried *** soil sample treatment groups were set,namely marshy solonchak(control check,CK for short),bamboo charcoal-mixed marshy solonchak,Difuyuan-mixed marshy solonchak,salined flavo-aquic soil(CK),bamboo charcoal-mixed salined flavo-aquic soil and Difuyuan-mixed salined flavo-aquic *** 120 min of infiltration,compared with the CK groups of marshy solonchak and salined flavo-aquic soil,the cumulative infiltration volumes of the bamboo charcoal and difuyuan treatment groups increased by -18.78%,-3.93% and 25.77%,6.53%,respectively;and the displacement increased by -18.93%,1.64% and 22.6%,12.5%,*** relationship between the wetting front displacement and time conformed to a linear *** effects of organic compound fertilizers on the initial infiltration rates of marshy solonchak and salined flavo-aquic soil were significant,and the relationship between infiltration rate and time conformed to a power *** vertical distribution of soil moisture under the application of organic compound fertilizers showed that the moisture content changed relatively small within 5 cm of the surface soil layer,then decreased slowly within 5-10 cm of the soil layer,and decreased drastically below 10 cm of soil layer;and relative to the CK group,the application of organic compound fertilizers was beneficial to increase the moisture content of salined flavo-aquic *** organic compound fertilizers reduced the water infiltration capacity of marshy solonchak and improved the water infiltration capacity of salined flavo-aquic *** with Difuyuan,bamboo charcoal reduced the water infiltration capacity of marshy solonchak better and improved the water permeability of salined flavo-aquic soil more significantly.

关键词： Organic compound fertilizer Wetting front Cumulative infiltration volume Infiltration rate Soil moisture

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Correlative Analysis on Forestry Land and Topography Factors Based on Tianguan Town of Youyang County

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Asian Agricultural Research 2013年第9期5卷 43-45,48页

作者： shiyou xie Jianli HAN College of Geography Science Southwest University Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment( Ministry of Education) Southwest University

In order to more clearly understand the relevance of the forestry land distribution and the terrain factors,basic information was given in this paper on the reasonable utilization of forest resources in mountainous areas and the ecological environment *** on the registration overlay analysis of high resolution aerial,satellite photograph and 1∶10 000 topographic map by making use of geostatistics of ArcGIS9.3,different photo color referred to different types of vegetation landscape,acquired factor data in small classes of woodland with visual interpretation in small classes of woodland and field research,and the correlation between forestry land and topography factors were *** was shown that:in areas of low elevation and low slope where human beings were highly involved,all sorts of forestry land were distributed,which meant evolution and slope had little effect on forestry land,and that in those areas where human activities were lessened little by little with high elevation and high slope,kinds of forestry land decreased ***,the irrigated paddy fields were the main types of forestry land on the elevation of 1 200 m and slope above 35°.Differences among kinds of forestry land were comparatively indistinct from the perspective of slope.

关键词： Forestry land Topography factors Tianguan Town of

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Sources and migration path of chemical compositions in a karst groundwater system during rainfall events

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第18期58卷 2488-2496页

作者： YANG PingHeng YUAN DaoXian YE XuChun xie shiyou CHEN XueBin LIU ZiQi School of Geographical Sciences Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Ministry of Education Southwest University The Karst Dynamics Laboratory Ministry of Land and Resources Institute of Karst Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

Physical and chemical dynamics at Jiangjia Spring (JJS), the outlet of the Qingmuguan karst groundwater system in Chongqing, were monitored in situ during rainfall events to acquire a series of high-resolution data. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to identify the sources of chemical compositions in the karst groundwater. The coefficients of variations (CVs) of the physical and chemical data of JJS were utilized to interpret the migration path of the chemical compositions. The results showed that water-rock interactions, agricultural activities, and soil erosion were the main sources of the groundwater chemical compositions. Ions of potassium, sodium, nitrate, chloride and phosphate from agricultural activities together with ions of calcium, magnesium, strontium and bicarbonate derived from carbonate dissolution appear to be stored and regulated by the karst unsaturated zone in features such as fissures, pores and solution cracks. The concentrations of the ions remained relatively stable and they showed low CVs owing to their migration by diffuse flow to recharge the underground river. In contrast, concentrations of ions such as total iron, total manganese and aluminum from soil erosion were unstable and showed high CVs owing to their migration by overland flow to recharge the underground river directly via sinkholes. During heavy rainfall events, the nutrients from agricultural activities and sediment from soil erosion could quickly impair the aquatic ecosystem and pose serious threats to water quality. Therefore, it is necessary to reinforce management of the ecological system for better control of the influx of mass nutrients into the karst aquifer system.

关键词：地下水系统水化学成分迁移路径事件岩溶降雨水生生态系统化学组合物

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Groundwater quality and land use change in a typical karst agricultural region:a case study of Xiaojiang watershed,Yunnan

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2006年第4期16卷 405-414页

作者： JIANG Yongjun YUAN Daoxian xie shiyou LI Linli ZHANG Gui HE Raosheng School of Geographical Sciences Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China Research institute of Karst Environment and Harness Karst Desert Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China Institute of Geology Investigation in Yunnan Province Kunming 650041 China Institute of Karst Geology CAGS Karst Dynamics Laboratory MLR Guilin 541004 China

Taking the typical karst agricultural region, Xiaojiang watershed in Luxi of Yurman Province as a research unit, utilizing the groundwater quality data in 1982 and 2004, the aerial photos in 1982 and TM images in 2004, supported by the GIS, we probe into the law and the reason of its space-time change of the groundwater quality over the past 22 years in the paper. The results show：（1） There were obvious temporal and spatial changes of groundwater quality during the past 22 years. （2） Concentrations of NH4^＋, SO4^2- , NO3, NO2^-, Cl^- and the pH value, total hardness, total alkalinity increased significantly, in which NH4^2-, NO3, and NO2^- of groundwater exceeded the drinking water standards as a result of non-point pollution caused by the expansion of cultivated land and mass use of the fertilizer and pesticide. （3） Oppositely, Ca^2＋ and HCO3^- showed an obvious decline trend due to forest reduction and degradation and stony desertification. Meantime, there was a dynamic relation between the groundwater quality change and the land use change.

关键词： groundwater quality space-time change land use change typical karst agricultural region GIS Xiaojiang watershed

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基于水生态足迹模型的重庆市水资源可持续利用分析与评价

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灌溉排水学报 2019年第2期38卷 93-100页

作者：张倩谢世友西南大学地理科学学院重庆400715 西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室重庆400715

【目的】探讨重庆市水资源的可持续发展前景。【方法】运用水生态足迹、万元GDP水生态足迹等模型分析了重庆市2003—2016年水生态足迹、水生态承载力及水资源开发利用状况。【结果】2003—2016年重庆市水生态足迹除个别年份有微弱下降外... 详细信息

【目的】探讨重庆市水资源的可持续发展前景。【方法】运用水生态足迹、万元GDP水生态足迹等模型分析了重庆市2003—2016年水生态足迹、水生态承载力及水资源开发利用状况。【结果】2003—2016年重庆市水生态足迹除个别年份有微弱下降外,总体呈上升趋势,变化范围为0.725 6～1.407 2亿hm^2,用水量主要集中在第一产业和第二产业,城乡居民生活污水是影响重庆市水质的主要来源;水生态承载力受降水影响大,变化范围为0.513 0～0.894 2亿hm^2,地区分布不平衡;万元GDP水生态足迹在2011年突升,总体呈下降趋势,水资源利用率在不断提高,但水资源的开发利用不合理,开发利用潜力大。【结论】基于水资源可持续开发利用,应加大对重庆市生活污水的处理率,优化产业结构,将发展重心移至第三产业,利用政策辅助,优化地区用水结构。

关键词：可持续发展水生态足迹模型水资源重庆市

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长江流域片2000-2015年植被NPP时空特征及影响因子探测

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水土保持研究 2022年第1期29卷 176-183页

作者：冯婉谢世友西南大学地理科学学院重庆400715 西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室重庆400715

植被净初级生产力对评价全球变化背景下植被生长状况、陆地生态系统质量、资源环境监测具有重要意义。基于2000—2015年的MODIS NPP产品MOD17A3数据,结合DEM数据、气象数据、土地利用数据,运用趋势分析、相关性分析、地理探测器等模型方... 详细信息

植被净初级生产力对评价全球变化背景下植被生长状况、陆地生态系统质量、资源环境监测具有重要意义。基于2000—2015年的MODIS NPP产品MOD17A3数据,结合DEM数据、气象数据、土地利用数据,运用趋势分析、相关性分析、地理探测器等模型方法,探讨长江流域片植被NPP的时空特征,揭示了各驱动因子的贡献率。结果表明:(1)16 a间植被NPP均值在478.4~547.4 gC/(m^(2)·a),平均值为516.5 gC/(m^(2)·a),流域内NPP整体表现为缓慢上升趋势。(2)流域内NPP空间分布格局为自东南向西北减少,16 a间大部分地区NPP值基本不变,云南省迪庆州、贵州省毕节市西部增长最明显,下降区域多分布于贵州省东部。(3)研究区内植被NPP与气温、降水均呈正相关;NPP随海拔增加呈先增加后下降的趋势,2000~3500 m海拔范围内植被NPP值最高,且集中于横断山区;坡度小于15°的区域对整个研究区NPP值贡献最大;林地面积最大且NPP均值最大,对研究区的植被NPP值贡献最大。(4)各因子对NPP的解释力排序为海拔>气温>降水>土地利用类型>坡度,单因子海拔对NPP的解释力最强,海拔与气温双因子交互作用对NPP的解释力最强。研究结果可为长江流域生态修复及可持续发展提供数据支持。

关键词：净初级生产力长江流域片驱动因子地理探测器

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基于钢珠驱动的全地埋式喷灌装置研发

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农业工程学报 2016年第12期32卷 102-106页

作者：张国华谢崇宝鲁少华谢时友中国灌溉排水发展中心北京100054 北京中灌绿源国际咨询有限公司北京100054 中灌润茵(北京)节水灌溉设备有限责任公司北京101302

影响耕作、寻找出水口困难是喷灌技术推广过程中遇到的主要问题,现有园林绿化中经常使用的埋藏式喷头无法直接安装在耕作层以下,不利于耕作和农作物收割。针对上述问题,该文研发了能够直接安装在耕作层以下的地埋式喷灌装置,有利于田间... 详细信息

影响耕作、寻找出水口困难是喷灌技术推广过程中遇到的主要问题,现有园林绿化中经常使用的埋藏式喷头无法直接安装在耕作层以下,不利于耕作和农作物收割。针对上述问题,该文研发了能够直接安装在耕作层以下的地埋式喷灌装置,有利于田间耕作。该装置依靠水压力实现升降功能,非灌溉时可安装在耕作层以下,不妨碍耕作;灌溉时,依靠水压力湿润和挤压喷头顶部及其附近土壤,克服土壤阻力顶出地面,实施旋转喷头工作,无需寻找出水口;灌溉后,喷头能够降回耕作层以下,地面无任何影响植物修剪或农作物收割的设施,喷灌作业前后也不需要安装或拆卸任何设施,大大降低了灌溉劳动强度。此外,使用球体打击驱动功能的旋转机构能够实现边旋转边喷灌功能,提高了装置的抗堵塞性。

关键词：喷灌系统喷头设计地埋式旋转功能钻土功能

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黔中喀斯特山区坡耕地产流产沙对无籽刺梨种植的响应

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水土保持学报 2022年第5期36卷 90-96,103页

作者：殷清慧谢世友西南大学地理科学学院重庆400715 安顺学院贵州安顺561000 西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室重庆400715

产流产沙是坡耕地土壤侵蚀的主要形式,为探讨无籽刺梨对黔中喀斯特山区坡耕地土壤侵蚀治理效应,采用径流小区野外定位观测法和相关性分析法,分析了坡度15°和25°坡耕地共6个自然坡面径流小区2016年6—9月15次野外实测侵蚀性降雨产流产... 详细信息

产流产沙是坡耕地土壤侵蚀的主要形式,为探讨无籽刺梨对黔中喀斯特山区坡耕地土壤侵蚀治理效应,采用径流小区野外定位观测法和相关性分析法,分析了坡度15°和25°坡耕地共6个自然坡面径流小区2016年6—9月15次野外实测侵蚀性降雨产流产沙数据。结果表明:(1)在同坡度同降雨量同I_(30)下,无籽刺梨地较自然恢复地有显著保水保沙能力,无籽刺梨+自然荒草地模式优于无籽刺梨单种模式。(2)无籽刺梨种植模式减流减沙效果坡度25°优于15°,减沙效果优于减流效果。其中无籽刺梨+自然荒草地减流减沙效果最优,在小雨、中雨、大雨、暴雨4种雨型下,坡度15°度时较自然恢复地分别平均减流59.08%,65.23%,56.96%,54.87%,分别平均减沙87.32%,71.64%,51.10%,74.69%;坡度25°度时分别平均减流53.11%,76.09%,76.72%,46.12%,分别平均减沙85.40%,86.87%,71.55%,73.99%。(3)研究区产流产沙量与降雨参数(P、I_(30))高度相关且在0.01水平上显著,在不同雨型下无籽刺梨减流减沙均有明显效果,小雨、中雨时减流减沙效果最佳。研究证实了研究区无籽刺梨种植能抵御不同雨型的降雨侵蚀,可作为贵州省喀斯特山区生态修复的极优经济选种。

关键词：喀斯特无籽刺梨坡耕地产流产沙坡度

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岩溶山区和石漠化区表土孢粉组合的差异性——以重庆市南川区为例

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生态学报 2011年第18期31卷 5235-5245页

作者：郝秀东欧阳绪红谢世友西南大学地理科学学院重庆400715 同济大学海洋与地球科学学院上海200092 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室重庆400715

通过对重庆市南川区岩溶山区和石漠化区14个不同植被类型的表土调查和采样,以研究该区表土孢粉组合特征的差异性。结果显示:(1)岩溶山区的表土孢粉组合中以乔木花粉为优势,含量为34.38%—63.39%,其次是草本和蕨类植物的孢粉,含量为32.04... 详细信息

通过对重庆市南川区岩溶山区和石漠化区14个不同植被类型的表土调查和采样,以研究该区表土孢粉组合特征的差异性。结果显示:(1)岩溶山区的表土孢粉组合中以乔木花粉为优势,含量为34.38%—63.39%,其次是草本和蕨类植物的孢粉,含量为32.04%—58.18%,灌木花粉含量最小,为6.08%—29.77%,沼生草本也有少量,仅为0.14%,这与当地的现代植被基本相同;(2)石漠化地区的表土孢粉组合以草本和蕨类植物孢粉占优势,含量为46.40%—76.47%,其次是乔木花粉(主要为马尾松),含量为17.73%—46.84%,灌木花粉含量最小,为5.79%—12.50%,说明其植被退化严重;(3)石漠化区的表土孢粉组合中有很多喜钙性、旱生性、石生性植物,对生态恢复和重建有很好的指示意义,为该区恢复和重建自然生态环境提供参考性依据。

关键词：表土孢粉组合植被岩溶山区石漠化金佛山国家自然保护区

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