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Carbonaceous particles in the atmosphere and precipitation of the Nam Co region, central Tibet

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第11期22卷 1748-1756页

作者： Jing Ming cunde xiao Junying Sun Shichang Kang Paolo Bonasoni State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Region Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry Centre for Atmosphere Watch & Services China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate CNR Bologna Italy

A continuous air and precipitation sampling for carbonaceous particles was conducted in a field observatory beside Nam Co, Central Tibetan Plateau during July of 2006 through January of 2007. Organic carbon （OC） was the dominant composition of the carbonaceous particles both in the atmosphere （1660 ng/m ^3 ） and precipitation （476 ng/g） in this area, while the average elemental carbon （BC） concentrations in the atmosphere and precipitation were only 82 ng/m 3 and 8 ng/g, respectively. Very high OC/BC ratio suggested local secondary organic carbon could be a dominant contribution to OC over the Nam Co region, while BC could be mainly originated from Southern Asia, as indicated by trajectory analysis and aerosol optical depth. Comparison between the BC concentrations measured in Lhasa, those at ＂Nepal Climate Observatory at Pyramid （NCO-P）＂ site on the southern slope of the Himalayas, and Nam Co suggested BC in the Nam Co region reflected a background with weak anthropogenic disturbances and the emissions from Lhasa might have little impact on the atmospheric environment here, while the pollutants from the Indo-Gangetic Basin of Southern Asia could be transported to the Nam Co region by both the summer monsoon and the westerly.

关键词： carbonaceous particle elemental carbon organic carbon Nam Co Tibetan Plateau

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Spatial and temporal variability of marine-origin matter along a transect from Zhongshan Station to Dome A,Eastern Antarctica

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第8期28卷 190-202页

作者： Chuanjin Li cunde xiao Guitao Shi Minghu Ding Dahe Qin Jiawen Ren The State Key Laboratory of the Cryospheric Sciences The Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Climate System Institute Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136 China

The spatiotemporal distribution pattern of marine-origin matter on the Antarctica ice sheet was used to study variations in the source regions, transport mechanisms and postdepositional influences. We present data on sea salt ions, sulfur components and stable isotopes from surface and snow pit samples collected along the transect route from Zhongshan Station to Dome A during the austral summer in 2012–2013. A general decreasing trend in the accumulation, sea salt ions and sulfur components occurred with increasing distance from the coast and increasing elevation. However, different sources of the marine components, transport pathways and post-depositional influences were responsible for their different spatial distribution patterns. The marine ions in the coastal snow pit varied seasonally, with higher sea salt ion concentrations in the winter and lower concentrations in the summer; the opposite pattern was found for the sulfur compounds. The sea ice area surrounding Antarctica was the main source region for the deposited sea salt and the open sea water for the sulfur compounds. No significant trends in the marine-origin components were detected during the past 3 decades. Several periods of elevated deposition of sea salt ions were associated with lower temperatures（based on δD and δ18O） or intensified wind fields. In comparison to the sea salt ions, the sulfur concentrations exhibited the opposite distribution patterns and were associated with changes in the surrounding sea ice extent.

关键词： Marine-origin matter Transect Dome A Eastern Antarctica

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Recent accumulation rate at Dome A,Antarctica

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第3期52卷 428-431页

作者： HOU ShuGui LI YuanSheng xiao cunde REN JiaWen Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200129 China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China

Based on the horizon of β activity and the density profiles, recent accumulation rate at Dome A, Ant-arctica is calculated to be 0.023 m water equivalent per year. This value is comparative to the accumu-lation rates deduced from the other inland sites of Antarctica. Clear-sky precipitation (or diamond dust) dominates the total precipitation at Dome A region. We speculate Dome A as a potential site to discover the oldest ice in Antarctica due to its tremendous ice thickness (>3000 m), extremely low accumulation rate, and low ice velocity.

关键词：南极东部大陆冰盖堆积速度 DomeA地区

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Preliminary results of the close-off depth and the stable isotopic records along a 109.91 m ice core from Dome A, Antarctica

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第10期52卷 1502-1509页

作者： HOU ShuGui LI YuanSheng xiao cunde PANG HongXi XU JianZhong State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200129China State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

A 109.91 m ice core was recovered from Dome A (or Dome Argus), the highest ice feature in Antarctica, during the 2004/05 austral summer by the 21st Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE-21). Both methane profile along the core and firn densification model calculation suggest that the close-off depth is at about 102.0 m with an ice age about 4200 a. Stable isotopes (δ18O and δD) of the chips samples produced during each run of ice core drilling at Dome A, together with those of the other cores recovered from the eastern inland Antarctica, suggest a relative stable climate with a temperature fluctuation amplitude about ±0.6°C at the eastern inland Antarctica during the late Holocene. The average d-excess (or d =δ D-8δ 18O) of 17.1‰ along the Dome A core is probably the highest among the Antarctic inland ice cores, which may be resulted from the kinetic fractionation during the snow formation under an oversaturation condition. Moreover, the increasing trend of d-excess during the late Holocene reflects mainly the migration of the water source area for precipitation at Dome A towards low latitudes. This paper presents the first results of a shallow ice core recovered from the unexplored highest area of the Antarctic ice sheet, providing a background for the proposing deep ice core drilling at Dome A.

关键词： Antarctica Dome A ice core close-off depth stable isotopes

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A 2680-year record of sea ice extent in the Ross Sea and the associated atmospheric circulation derived from the DT401 East Antarctic ice core

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第11期58卷 2090-2102页

作者： LI ChuanJin REN JiaWen xiao cunde HOU ShuGui DING MingHu QIN DaHe State Key Laboratory of the Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

Long time series of Antarctic sea ice extent （SIE） are important for climate research and model forecasting. A historic ice extent in the Ross Sea in early austral winter was rebuilt through sea salt ions in the DT401 ice core in interior East Antarctica. El Nino-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） had a significant influence on the sea salt deposition in DT401 through its influence on the Ross Sea SIE and the transport of sea salt inland. Spectral analysis also supported the influence of ENSO with a significant 2-6 a periodicity band. In addition, statistically significant decadal （10 a） and pentadecadal （50-70 a） periodicities suggested the existence of a teleconnection from the Pacific decadal oscillation （PDO）, which originated from sea surface temperature anomalies in the tropical Pacific Ocean. The first eigenvector of the empirical orthogonal function analysis （EOF1） showed lower values during the Medieval Warm Period （MWP）, while higher values were found in the Little Ice Age （LIA）. A higher frequency of ENSO events were found in the cold climatic stage, The post 1800 AD period was occupied by significant fluctuations of the EOF1, and PDO may be one of the influencing factors. The EOF1 values showed moderate fluctuations from 680 BC to 1000 AD, showing that the climate was relatively stable in this period.

关键词： sea salt ions sea ice extent ENSO DT401 Eastern Antarctica

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Temperate ice layer found in the upper area of Jima Yangzong Glacier,the headstream of Yarlung Zangbo River

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Science Bulletin 2016年第8期61卷 619-621页

作者： Tong Zhang Minghu Ding cunde xiao Dongqi Zhang Zhiheng Du Institute of Climate System Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

For the first time we investigate the basal thermal condition in the upper area of Jima Yangzong Glacier, the headstream of Yarlung Zangbo River, using ground-penetrating radar techniques. With common offset and common mid-point surveys we analyze the radar velocities in ice with respect to cold-temperate ice transi- tion surface （0.1751 0.0028 m ns-~） and ice-bedrock interface （0.1657 ＋ 0.0033 m ns-a）, indicating a radar velocity of 0.1410 4- 0.0154 m ns-1 for the temperate ice layer （16.6 ~ 1.8 m）. We estimate that the temperate ice layer has a water content of around 6 % 4- 4 %, suggesting that the Jima Yangzong Glacier, previously known as continental-type, now possibly becomes polythermal.

关键词： Jima Yangzong Glacier YarlungZangbo River - Ground-penetrating radar Radarvelocity - Englacial water content Polythermal

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Main pollution sources of central Arctic revealed by lead and its isotopic ratios recorded in snow

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第10期43卷 829-833页

作者： cunde xiao Dahe Qin Yuefang Li Jiawen Ren Lanzhou Univ Lanzhou Inst Glaciol & Geocryol Lanzhou 730000 Peoples R China

The spatial distribution and environmental significance of Pb and its stable isotope ratios in central Arctic snow are discussed. The shear zone is a dividing line. The concentration of Pb in the south section is higher than that of the north section, and in the shear zone it is close to that of sea salt. Anthropogenic Pb by calculation is larger than 99%. Its main sources are polluted air masses origi nation from Europe and the midpart of Russia, as well as the western North America and far east Russia. This is also conformed by 206Pb/ 207Pb.

关键词： Arctic lead isotopic ratios pollution.

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Towards More Snow Days in Summer since 2001 at the Great Wall Station,Antarctic Peninsula:The Role of the Amundsen Sea Low

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第5期37卷 494-504页

作者： Minghu DING Wei HAN Tong ZHANG xiaoyuan YUE Jeremy FYKE Ge LIU cunde xiao State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Fluid Dynamics and Solid Mechanics Group Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA Associated Engineering Group LtdVernonBritish Columbia V1T 9P9Canada State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Beijing Meteorological Observation Center Beijing 100176China

The variation in the precipitation phase in polar regions represents an important indicator of climate change and *** studied the precipitation phase at the Great Wall Station and Antarctic Peninsula(AP)region,based on daily precipitation,synoptic records and ERA-Interim data during the austral summers of 1985?***,there was no trend in the total precipitation amount or days,but the phase of summer precipitation(rainfall days versus snowfall days)showed opposite trends before and after 2001 at the *** total summer rain days/snow days increased/decreased during 1985?2001 and significantly decreased at a rate of?14.13 d(10 yr)?1/increased at a rate of 14.31 d(10 yr)?1 during 2001?2014,agreeing well with corresponding variations in the surface air ***,we found that the longitudinal location of the Amundsen Sea low(ASL)should account for the change in the precipitation phase since 2001,as it has shown a westward drift after 2001[?41.1°(10 yr)?1],leading to stronger cold southerly winds,colder water vapor flux,and more snow over the AP region during *** study points out a supplementary factor for the climate variation on the AP.

关键词： precipitation phase Great Wall Station Amundsen Sea Low

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Analyses on the air and snow temperatures near ground with observations of an AWS at Dome A,the summit of Antarctic Plateau

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第14期55卷 1430-1436页

作者： CHEN BaiLian ZHANG RenHe xiao cunde BIAN LinGen ZHANG TingJun Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China The National Snow and Ice Data Center University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309-0449 USA

As the summit of the Antarctic Plateau, Dome A has been received international *** this paper, observational data of an automatic weather station (AWS) at Dome A in 2005–2007 were used to analyze the seasonal variations of air temperatures near the ground and snow temperatures within a depth of 10 m. Analyses on the air temperatures show a typical feature of the coreless winter, and strong inversion maintains during the long winter. Accordingly the stratification near the ground is dominated by the near-neutral stable states. Seasonal fluctuations of the snow temperature decrease in amplitude and lag in phase with depth increasing, which leads to distinct seasonal temperature profiles within the depth of 10 m. Measurements show the mean annual air temperature near ground is about 5°C higher than the 10 m firn temperature due to the strong inversion near the ground. However, our estimation of the annual mean of air temperature at the ground based on the boundary layer theory is close to the mean 10 m firn temperature. The lowest air temperature (–82.7°C) currently measured at the Dome A is not the lowest one ever recorded in Antarctica, but the extremely low mean 10 m firn temperature (–58.2°C) indicates very low ground temperature. Given the prominent inversion near the ground, it is expected that Dome A might house the lowest ground temperature on the planet.

关键词：温度分布自动气象站地面气温空气温度观测数据南极洲冰穹积雪

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Persistently explore new understandings of Greenland Ice Sheet ablation

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Advances in Polar Science 2023年第3期34卷 155-157页

作者： xiao cunde ZHANG Tong State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100871China

Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are the largest potential contributors to global sea level rise(GSLR),amounting to more than 64 m of sea level equivalence(SLE).Between the two,Greenland Ice Sheet(GrIS)alone compris... 详细信息

关键词： Greenland Ice Sheet(GrIS) global sea level rise dynamics ablation ice discharge

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