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B cell development and antibody responses in human immune system mice:current status and future perspective

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 645-652页

作者： tao Zhang Wentao Liu Yong-Guang Yang Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration&Transplantation of the Ministry of Education The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China International Center of Future Science Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China

Humanized immune system(HIS)mice have been developed and used as a small surrogate model to study human immune function under normal or disease conditions.Although variations are found between models,most HIS mice show robust human T cell responses.However,there has been unsuccessful in constructing HIS mice that produce high-affinity human antibodies,primarily due to defects in terminal B cell differentiation,antibody affinity maturation,and development of primary follicles and germinal centers.In this review,we elaborate on the current knowledge about and previous attempts to improve human B cell development in HIS mice,and propose a potential strategy for constructing HIS mice with improved humoral immunity by transplantation of human follicular dendritic cells(FDCs)to facilitate the development of secondary follicles.

关键词： humanized immune system mouse humoral immunity germinal center B cell follicular dendritic cell

Data-Driven Direct Adaptive Risk-Sensitive Control of Stochastic Systems

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第4期37卷 1446-1469页

作者： QIAO Nan LI tao School of Mathematical Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Practice School of Mathematical SciencesEast China Normal University

The authors propose a data-driven direct adaptive control law based on the adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) algorithm for continuous-time stochastic linear systems with partially unknown system dynamics and infinite horizon quadratic risk-sensitive indices. The authors use online data of the system to iteratively solve the generalized algebraic Riccati equation(GARE) and to learn the optimal control law directly. For the case with measurable system noises, the authors show that the adaptive control law approximates the optimal control law as time goes on. For the case with unmeasurable system noises, the authors use the least-square solution calculated only from the measurable data instead of the real solution of the regression equation to iteratively solve the GARE. The authors also study the influences of the intensity of the system noises, the intensity of the exploration noises, the initial iterative matrix, and the sampling period on the convergence of the ADP algorithm.Finally, the authors present two numerical simulation examples to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

关键词： Adaptive dynamic programming direct adaptive control generalized algebraic Riccati equation risk-sensitive control

Therapeutic Effectiveness of Leukocyte-and Platelet-rich Fibrin for Diabetic Foot Ulcers:A Retrospective Study

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Current Medical Science 2024年第3期44卷 568-577页

作者： Fen WANG Xiao-ling ZHANG Jing ZHANG Song GONG Jing tao Hui xiang Xiao-qing FU Xu-na BIAN Xue-feng YU An-hui XU Cheng-la YI Shi-ying SHAO Department of Endocrinology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases Wuhan430030China Department of Radiology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Department of Trauma Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China

Objective Diabetic foot ulcer(DFU)is one of the most serious complications of diabetes.Leukocyte-and platelet-rich fibrin(L-PRF)is a second-generation autologous platelet-rich plasma.This study aims to investigate the clinical effects of L-PRF in patients with diabetes in real clinical practice.Methods Patients with DFU who received L-PRF treatment and standard of care(SOC)from 2018 to 2019 in Tongji Hospital were enrolled.The clinical information including patient characteristics,wound evaluation(area,severity,infection,blood supply),SOC of DFU,and images of ulcers was retrospectively extracted and analyzed.L-PRF treatment was performed every 7±2 days until the ulcer exhibited complete epithelialization or an overall percent volume reduction(PVR)greater than 80%.Therapeutic effectiveness,including overall PVR and the overall and weekly healing rates,was evaluated.Results Totally,26 patients with DFU were enrolled,and they had an ulcer duration of 47.0(35.0,72.3)days.The severity and infection of ulcers varied,as indicated by the Site,Ischemia,Neuropathy,Bacterial Infection,and Depth(SINBAD)scores of 2–6,Wagner grades of 1–4,and the Perfusion,Extent,Depth,Infection and Sensation(PEDIS)scores of 2–4.The initial ulcer volume before L-PRF treatment was 4.94(1.50,13.83)cm3,and the final ulcer volume was 0.35(0.03,1.76)cm3.The median number of L-PRF doses was 3(2,5).A total of 11 patients achieved complete epithelialization after the fifth week of treatment,and 19 patients achieved at least an 80%volume reduction after the seventh week.The overall wound-healing rate was 1.47(0.63,3.29)cm3/week,and the healing rate was faster in the first 2 weeks than in the remaining weeks.Concurrent treatment did not change the percentage of complete epithelialization or healing rate.Conclusion Adding L-PRF to SOC significantly improved wound healing in patients with DFU independent of the ankle brachial index,SINBAD score,or Wagner grade,indicating that this method is appropriate for DFU treatment under different clinical conditions

关键词： diabetic foot ulcer autologous platelet-rich plasma leukocyte-and platelet-rich fibrin standard of care percentage volume reduction

Gas-surface interaction features under effects of gas-gas molecules interaction in high-speed flows

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 228-242页

作者： Ruiling tao Zhihui WANG School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Understanding interactions between gas molecules and solid surface is key to the aerodynamic design of high-speed,high-altitude aerospace vehicles,but there is a large dispersion of gas-surface interaction parameters or namely accommodation coefficients.The uncertainty results partly from different considerations of the interaction between gas molecules in various experimental and numerical methods.In this study,effects of gas-gas molecules interaction are systematically discussed by comparing two different approaches of molecular dynamics simulation of high-speed argon molecules scattering on a graphite surface.The popularly-used“single scattering”approach repeats the scattering process of a single gas molecule without considering the gas-gas molecules interaction.The newly-developed“continual scattering”approach continually shoots gas molecules at the surface,considering collisions between gas molecules in addition to gas molecules’collisions with surface.Gas-surface interaction features in the two approaches are compared and discussed under various affecting factors including rarefaction degree,gas-surface interaction strength,surface temperature and incident velocity.It is shown that these two approaches usually produce different accommodation coefficients,and the corresponding mechanisms are explained.This study could help clarify some doubts about the selection of accommodation coefficients in engineering practice,and also provide an instruction on design of an appropriate molecular dynamics simulation approach.

关键词： Gas-surface interaction Molecular dynamics Accommodation coefficient Aerospace vehicles High-speed flow

Icariin attenuates vascular endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting inflammation through GPER/Sirt1/HMGB1 signaling pathway in type 1 diabetic rats

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第4期22卷 293-306页

作者： YAO Wenhui tao Rongpin WANG Kai DING Xuansheng School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211198China

Icariin, a flavonoid glycoside, is extracted from Epimedium. This study aimed to investigate the vascular protective effects of icariin in type 1 diabetic rats by inhibiting high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)-related inflammation and exploring its potential mechanisms. The impact of icariin on vascular dysfunction was assessed in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats through vascular reactivity studies. Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays were performed to measure the expressions of target proteins. The release of HMGB1 and pro-inflammation cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results revealed that icariin administration enhanced acetylcholine-induced vasodilation in the aortas of diabetic rats. It also notably reduced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in diabetic rats and high glucose (HG)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The results also unveiled that the pro-inflammatory cytokines in the culture medium of HUVECs could be increased by rHMGB1. The increased release of HMGB1 and upregulated expressions of HMGB1-related inflammatory factors, including advanced glycation end products (RAGE), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) in diabetic rats and HG-induced HUVECs, were remarkably suppressed by icariin. Notably, HMGB1 translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in HUVECs under HG was inhibited by icariin. Meanwhile, icariin could activate G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) and sirt1. To explore the role of GPER and Sirt1 in the inhibitory effect of icariin on HMGB1 release and HMGB-induced inflammation, GPER inhibitor and Sirt1 inhibitor were used in this study. These inhibitors diminished the effects of icariin on HMGB1 release and HMGB1-induced inflammation. Specifically, the GPER inhibitor also negated the activation of Sirt1 by icariin. These findings suggest that icariin activates GPER and increases the exp

关键词： Icariin Diabetes Inflammation Vascular endothelial dysfunction GPER HMGB1

Nitsche-XFEM for a time fractional diffusion interface problem

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第3期67卷 665-682页

作者： tao Wang Yanping Chen China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co.Ltd. Shenzhen 518028China School of Mathematical Sciences South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China

In this paper, we propose a space-time finite element method for a time fractional diffusion interface problem. This method uses the low-order discontinuous Galerkin(DG) method and the Nitsche extended finite element method(Nitsche-XFEM) for temporal and spatial discretization, respectively. Sharp pointwise-in-time error estimates in graded temporal grids are derived, without any smoothness assumptions on the solution.Finally, three numerical examples are provided to verify the theoretical results.

关键词： fractional diffusion interface discontinuous Galerkin Nitsche-XFEM error estimates

Metal-based inorganic nanocrystals for biological sonodynamic therapy applications:recent progress and perspectives

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 413-430页

作者： Dong Wang Jia-tao Zhang Institute of Medical-Industrial Integration Beijing Key Laboratory of Structurally Controllable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

With the fast development of technology for the treatment of tumor and bacteria,photo-therapeutic strate-gies emerge as a kind of highly effective and common treatment,but the low tissue penetration depth of light limits their development.Sonodynamic therapy(SDT),as an efficient and non-invasive treatment,attracts more people's attention due to the inherent property of high tissue penetration.The soft tissue penetration depth of ultrasound(US)can even reach more than 10 cm,which has great advantage over that of light.Therefore,many sonosensitizers are studied and applied to SDT-based therapy.Metal-based inorganic nanocrystals are able to generate more reactive oxygen species(ROS)due to the special composition and band structure.The representative achievements and the specific functions of the nanocrystals sonosensitizers are summarized in this work,and the relationship of structure/composition-SDT performance and the internally regulated composite is revealed.Syner-gistic effects of SDT in combination with other therapeutic modalities are mainly highlighted.At the same time,the critical and potential issues and future perspectives are addressed.

关键词： Metal-based inorganic nanocrystals Sonodynamic therapy(SDT) Tumor treatment Antibacteria

Almost Periodic Type Group Actions on Compact Quantum Metric Spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第2期40卷 568-594页

作者： Bo tao LONG Wei WU College of Mathematics MIIT Key Laboratory of Mathematical Modelling and High Performance Computing of Air VehiclesNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106P.R.China School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical PracticeEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241P.R.China

A compact quantum metric space is a complete order unit space A endowed with a Lipnorm L.We give some characterizations of almost periodic type group actions on a compact quantum metric space(A,L)by means of several kinds of subsets of A,its induced equicontinuous actions on several important subsets of the dual Banach space A*,and the Lip-norm L with its induced metric space structures on the state space S(A)of A.

关键词： Lip-norm compact quantum metric space Lipschitz isomorphism almost periodicity Arzela-Ascoli theorem metric set

Associations of daily sedentary behavior,physical activity,and sleep with irritable bowel syndrome:A prospective analysis of 362,193 participants

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 72-80页

作者： Xu Gao Sifan Tian Ninghao Huang Gang Sun tao Huang Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100853China

Background:Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)substantially affects quality of life and requires early prevention.This study aimed to elucidate the relationships between IBS and daily behaviors,including sedentary behavior(SB),physical activity(PA),and sleep.In particular,it seeks to identify healthy behaviors to reduce IBS risk,which previous studies have rarely addressed.Methods:Daily behaviors were retrieved from self-reported data of 362,193 eligible UK Biobank participants.Incident cases were determined by self-report or health care data according to RomeⅣcriteria.Results:A total of 345,388 participants were IBS-free at baseline,during a median follow-up of 8.45 years,19,885 incident IBS cases were recorded.When examined individually,SB and shorter(≤7 h/day)or longer(>7 h/day)sleep duration were each positively associated with increased IBS risk,and PA was associated with lower IBS risk.The isotemporal substitution model suggested that replacing SB with other activities could provide further protective effects against IBS risk.Among people sleeping≤7 h/day,replacing 1 h of SB with equivalent light PA,vigorous PA,or sleep was associated with 8.1%(95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.901-0.937),5.8%(95%CI:0.896-0.991),and 9.2%(95%CI:0.885-0.932)reduced IBS risk,respectively.For people sleeping>7 h/day,light and vigorous PA were associated with a 4.8%(95%CI:0.926-0.978)and a 12.0%(95%CI:0.815-0.949)lower IBS risk,respectively.These benefits were mostly independent of genetic risk for IBS.Conclusion:SB and unhealthy sleep duration are risk factors for IBS.A promising way to mitigate IBS risk for individuals sleeping≤7 h/day and for those sleeping>7 h/day appears to be by replacing SB with adequate sleep or vigorous PA,respectively,regardless of the genetic predisposition of IBS.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Isotemporal substitution model Physical activity Sedentary behavior Sleep