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Pathogenesis of Demyelinating Encephalopathy in Dogs with Spontaneous Acute Canine Distemper

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第2期12卷 334-343页

作者： PAN Yao-qian LIU Xing-you MENG Li-ping ZHU Guang-rui xia yin-ke CHEN Jin-shan Yoshikawa Takashi Department of Veterinary Pathology College of Animal Sciences Henan Institute of Science and Technology Department of Microbiology and Immunology Northwestern University Feinberg Medical School Department of Veterinary Pathology School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Kitasato University

So far, the pathogenesis of demyelination caused by canine distemper virus （CDV） in the central nervous system has remained unclear, although a lot of studies have been done extensively. To further investigate the relation of variety cells in brain to demyelination, this study was performed on 15 dogs with spontaneous acute canine distemper and 2 controls. According to anatomical relation, the brain was divided into cerebrum, cerebral stem and cerebellum. The sections with no, mild, moderate, or severe demyelinating lesions were selected respectively and stained by HE and immunohistochemistry. Immuno-localisation of CDV antigen was used to conftrm CDV infection. The brain was examined for co-localisation of the CDV antigen with either an astrocyte-specific marker, glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP）, or an oligodendrocyte-specific marker, galactocerebroside （GalC）. Apoptotic cell was detected by TdT-mediated nick end-labeling assay （TUNEL）. The results demonstrated that the local disturbance of blood circulation mainly included congestion, edema, thrombosis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation （DIC）. The CDV neucleocapsid protein positive reaction, metabolic disorder and apoptosis of oligodendrocytes were observed in demyelinating areas. Lots of astrocytes displayed CDV antigen-positive, especially in their process. Some of them became apoptotic cell confirmed by TUNEL staining. Fibrous astrocytes showed more intense GFAP-positive in mild and moderate demyelinating area. Some of nervous cells located in pyramidal cell layers and nucleus nervi were in degeneration, necrosis. Satellitosis, neuronophagia and apoptotic neurons were examined by hematoxylin and eosin （HE） and TUNEL staining. The results suggested that the demyelinating changes in brain tissues infected with CDV mainly related to the metabolic disorder and apoptosis of ogliodendrocytes and astrocytes; also involved with the local disturbance of blood circulation and some neuron lost.

关键词： acute canine distemper demyelinating encephalopathy oligodendrocyte astrocyte apoptosis

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VKFQ:A Verifiable keyword Frequency Query Framework with Local Differential Privacy in Blockchain

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 4205-4223页

作者： Youlin Ji Bo yin ke Gu School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha410114China

With its untameable and traceable properties,blockchain technology has been widely used in the field of data *** to preserve individual privacy while enabling efficient data queries is one of the primary issues with secure data *** this paper,we study verifiable keyword frequency(KF)queries with local differential privacy in *** the numerical and the keyword attributes are present in data objects;the latter are sensitive and require privacy ***,prior studies in blockchain have the problem of trilemma in privacy protection and are unable to handle KF *** propose an efficient framework that protects data owners’privacy on keyword attributes while enabling quick and verifiable query processing for KF *** framework computes an estimate of a keyword’s frequency and is efficient in query time and verification object(VO)size.A utility-optimized local differential privacy technique is used for privacy *** data owner adds noise locally into data based on local differential privacy so that the attacker cannot infer the owner of the keywords while keeping the difference in the probability distribution of the KF within the privacy *** propose the VB-cm tree as the authenticated data structure(ADS).The VB-cm tree combines the Verkle tree and the Count-Min sketch(CM-sketch)to lower the VO size and query *** VB-cm tree uses the vector commitment to verify the query *** fixed-size CM-sketch,which summarizes the frequency of multiple keywords,is used to estimate the KF via hashing *** conduct an extensive evaluation of the proposed *** experimental results show that compared to theMerkle B+tree,the query time is reduced by 52.38%,and the VO size is reduced by more than one order of magnitude.

关键词： Security data sharing blockchain data query privacy protection

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Targeting RAF dimers in RAS mutant tumors:From biology to clinic

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 1895-1923页

作者： Huanhuan yin Qiulin Tang Hongwei xia Feng Bi Division of Abdominal Cancer Department of Medical OncologyCancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in OncologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

RAS mutations occur in approximately 30%of tumors worldwide and have a poor prognosis due to limited *** targeting of KRAS G12C has achieved significant success in recent years,but there is still a lack of efficient therapeutic approaches for tumors with non-G12C KRAS mutations.A highly promising approach is to target the MAPK pathway downstream of RAS,with a particular focus on RAF ***-generation RAF inhibitors have been authorized to treat BRAF mutant tumors for over a ***,their use in RAS-mutated tumors is not recommended due to the paradoxical ERK activation mainly caused by RAF *** address the issue of RAF dimerization,type II RAF inhibitors have emerged as leading *** clinical studies have shown the initial effectiveness of these agents against RAS mutant ***,type II RAF inhibitors in combination with MEK or ERK inhibitors have demonstrated impressive efficacy in RAS mutant *** review aims to clarify the importance of RAF dimerization in cellular signaling and resistance to treatment in tumors with RAS mutations,as well as recent progress in therapeutic approaches to address the problem of RAF dimerization in RAS mutant tumors.

关键词： RAS mutations RAF dimerization RAF inhibitors Cancer therapy Drug resistance

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Amino acids in piglet diarrhea: Effects, mechanisms and insights

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 267-274页

作者： Xihong Zhou Jing Liang xia Xiong Yulong yin key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical Agriculture The Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Piglet diarrhea is among one of the most serious health problems faced by the pig industry, resulting in significant economic losses. Diarrheal disease in piglets has a multifactorial etiology that is affected by physiology, environment, and management strategy. Diarrhea is the most apparent symptom of intestinal dysfunction. As a key class of essential nutrients in the piglet diet, amino acids confer a variety of beneficial effects on piglets in addition to being used as a substrate for protein synthesis, including maintaining appropriate intestinal integrity, permeability and epithelial renewal, and alleviating morphological damage and inflammatory and oxidative stress. Thus, provision of appropriate levels of amino acids could alleviate piglet diarrhea. Most amino acid effects are mediated by metabolites, gut microbes, and related signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of dietary amino acid effects on gut health and diarrhea incidence in piglets, and reveal the mechanisms involved. We also provide ideas for using amino acid blends and emphasize the importance of amino acid balance in the diet to prevent diarrhea in piglets.

关键词： Piglet Amino acid Diarrhea Gut microbe Immune

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Engineering W/O/W pickering emulsion for the enhanced antigen delivery and immune responses

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Particuology 2024年第9期92卷 224-233页

作者： Sihua Wu xiaonan Huang yin Ma Naoki Asakawa Yufei xia State key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100081China key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Division of Molecular Science Graduate School of Science and TechnologyGunma University1-5-1Tenjin-choKiryu376-8515Japan Sinovac Biotech Ltd. Beijing100085China School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211816China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

Tumor immunotherapy,particularly cancer vaccines,holds promise for combating cancer by harnessing tailored immune responses against malignant ***,conventional approaches face challenges in efficiently delivering antigens for optimal immune *** adjuvants,like MF59,enhance cellular uptake but struggle to induce robust CD8^(+)T cell ***,we introduce a novel strategy employing a water-in-oil-in-water(W/O/W)multiple Pickering emulsion(mPE)for antigen *** mPE,utilizing biocompatible,pH-sensitive particles,encapsulates antigens within the inner water phase,ensuring enhanced intracellular processing and dictating the intracellular fate of antigens for improved *** vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that mPEs induced robust dendritic cells activation and antigen cross-presentation,leading to a significantly enhanced immune ***,calcium phosphate-stabilized mPE(CaP-mPE)illustrated the more robust IFN-γ^(+)T cell *** comparison with traditional surfactant-stabilized multiple emulsions,CaP-mPE significantly inhibit tumor growth and effectively prolong the survival of tumor-bearing *** innovative approach offers a promising avenue for the development of effective cancer vaccines with potent cellular immune responses.

关键词： Cancer vaccine Multiple pickeringemulsion Adjuvant Antigen delivery Anti-tumor response

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A single-cell transcriptome atlas reveals the trajectory of early cell fate transition during callus induction in Arabidopsis

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Plant Communications 2024年第8期5卷 18-31页

作者： Ruilian yin Ruiying Chen keke xia Xun Xu College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10049China BGI Research Beijing 102601China Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write BGI-ShenzhenShenzhen 518120GuangdongChina

The acquisition of pluripotent callus from somatic cells plays an important role in plant development studies and crop genetic *** developmental process incorporates a series of cell fate transitions and ***,our understanding of cell heterogeneity and mechanisms of cell fate transition during callus induction remains quite ***,we report a time-series single-cell transcriptome experiment on Arabidopsis root explants that were induced in callus induction medium for 0,1,and 4 days,and the construction of a detailed single-cell transcriptional atlas of the callus induction *** identify the cell types responsible for initiating the early callus:lateral root primordium-initiating(LRPI)-like cells and quiescent center(QC)-like ***-like cells are derived from xylem pole pericycle cells and are similar to lateral root *** delineate the developmental trajectory of the dedifferentiation of LRPI-like cells into QC-like ***-like cells are undifferentiated pluripotent acquired cells that appear in the early stages of callus formation and play a critical role in later callus development and organ *** also identify the transcription factors that regulate QC-like cells and the gene expression signatures that are related to cell fate de***,our cell-lineage transcriptome atlas for callus induction provides a distinct perspective on cell fate transitions during callus formation,significantly improving our understanding of callus formation.

关键词： callus induction single-cell RNA-seq cell fate transition developmental trajectory transcriptional regulation pluripotency

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Atomistic study of inverse size effect induced by interfacial plasticity in pearlitic multi-principal element alloy

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3341-3355页

作者： Chen Yang Qiao-Sheng xia Cun-Hong yin Dong-Peng Hua College of Mechanical Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Ministry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China State key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal MaterialsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

Owing to the fine nano-laminated structure,the pearlitic multi-principal element alloy(PMPEA) exhibits excellent mechanical and tribological ***,the incomplete understanding of the size effect of its lamella thickness and the unclear understanding of the plasticity-interface interaction mechanism limit further optimization of *** this study,the FeCoNi/Ni_3Ti interface-mediated plastic deformation behavior in PMPEA and the variation of mechanical and tribological properties with lamella thickness within the nanoscale range using molecular dynamics(MD) simulation were *** results indicate that the mechanical and tribological properties of the PMPEA with lamella thicknesses below 10 nm have a significant inverse size effect,i.e.,the smaller the lamella thickness,the weaker the *** is because the plastic carrier-interface interaction mechanism changes from a strengthening mechanism that hinders dislocations to a weakening mechanism that promotes dislocations with the decreases in the lamella thickness,and the weakening effect becomes more pronounced as the lamella thickness decreases and the number of interfaces *** particular,the deformation behavior of Ni_3Ti lamellae changes from crystal-like to amorphous-like with decreasing ***,in the sample with larger lamella thickness,the occurrence of hierarchical slips in the body-centered cubic(BCC) phase due to the multiprincipal elements effect can better alleviate the stress concentration caused by the dislocation accumulation at the interface,so that the phase interface exhibits outstanding load-bearing *** the dislocation pattern in BCC phase shows a firm high-density cell,which makes the substrate exhibit a stable tribological response.

关键词： Multi-principal element alloy Nano-laminated structure Molecular dynamics simulation Nanoindentation and nanoscratch

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X-ray-activated Bi^(3+)/Pr^(3+)co-doped LiYGeO_4 phosphor with UV and NIR dual-emissive persistent luminescence

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 955-961,I0005页

作者： xianggui yin Hongyun Zhong Lin Liu Junpeng Shi xia Sun Yun Zhang State key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou350002China xiamen key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsHaixi InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen361021China Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou350108China

X-ray-activated luminescence materials have broad application prospects in photodynamic therapy of deep *** them,X-ray-activated persistent luminescence materials(PLMs)exhibiting multiple emission peaks have drawn extensive attention for the ir capacity to achieve a combination of bioimaging and therapeutic ***,we developed a novel PLM,LiYGeO_4:Bi^(3+),Pr^(3+),that simultaneously exhibits UV and NIR dual persistent luminescence(PersL)emissions after irradiation by *** material can be re peatedly excited by X-ray and emits similar lumine scence intensity every time,which shows good PersL *** addition,LiYGeO_4:Bi^(3+),Pr^(3+)exhibits photostimulated PersL properties by stimulation with a red light-emitting diode(LED)or NIR laser after long-term *** work provides a new choice of X-ray-excited PLMs with UV and NIR dual emission and the novel phosphor shows promise as a potential candidate for the integration of treatment and diagnosis of deep tumors.

关键词： Co-doping X-ray-activated Dual emissions Persistent luminescence Rare earths

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Insight into the Role and Evidence of Oxygen Vacancies in Porous Single-Crystalline Oxide to Enhance Catalytic Activity and Durability

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 675-683页

作者： Lingting Ye Jiaming Ma Jie Zhang Wen yin Yuanguang xia Kui Xie key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics Fujan Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian 350002China Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China FuzhouFujian 350108China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory 29 Sanxin North RoadHuizhouGuangdong 116023China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center DongguanGuangdong 523803China

Introducing and stabilizing oxygen vacancies in oxide catalysts is considered to be a promising strategy for improving catalytic activity and ***,we quantitatively create oxygen vacancies in the lattice of porous single-crystallineβ-Ga_(2)O_(3)monoliths by reduction treatments and stabilize them through the long-range ordering of crystal lattice to enhance catalytic activity and *** combination analysis of time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction and extended x-ray absorption fine structure discloses that the preferential generation of oxygen vacancy tends to occur at the site of tetrahedral coordination oxygen ions(O_(Ⅲ)sites),which contributes to the formation of unsaturated Ga-O coordination in the monoclinic *** oxygen vacancies are randomly distributed in lattice even though some of them are present in the form of domain defect in the PSC Ga_(2)O_(3)monoliths after the reduction *** number of oxygen vacancies in the reduced monoliths gives 2.32×10^(13),2.87×10^(13),and 3.45×10^(13)mg^(-1)for the Ga_(2)O_(2.952),Ga_(2)O_(2.895),and Ga_(2)O_(2.880),*** therefore demonstrate the exceptionally high C_(2)H_(4)selectivity of~100%at the C_(2)H_(6)conversion of~37%for nonoxidative dehydrogenation of C_(2)H_(6)to C_(2)H_(4).We further demonstrate the excellent durability even at 620℃for 240 h of continuous operation.

关键词： durability coordination Oxygen

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Responses of Nutrients to the Precipitation Variation and Land Use in Subtropical Monsoonal Small Mountainous Rivers:A Case Study of Baixi Watershed

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 383-391页

作者： TIAN Yuan GAO Fei CAO ke LV Shenghua DUAN xiaoyong yin Ping Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266237China Laboratory for Marine Geology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China

Small mountainous rivers are characterized by large instantaneous fluxes and susceptible to extreme weather events,which can rapidly transport materials into the sea and have a significant impact on the ecological environment of estuaries and *** order to investigate the seasonal characteristics of nutrients in small mountainous rivers in the subtropical monsoon region and the output pattern to the sea during heavy precipitation,surveys on the mountainous rivers were carried out in Baixi watershed in August 2020(wet season),March 2021(dry season)and June 2021(Meiyu period).The results showed that the dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN)of the rivers has an average concentration of 752μg L^(−1)in the wet season and 1472μg L^(−1)in the dry *** concentrations of dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP)in wet season and dry season were 63μg L^(−1)and 51μg L^(−1),*** by the changes of land use in sub-watersheds,DIN concentrations in the mainstream increased from 701μg L^(−1)in the upper reaches to 1284μg L^(−1)in the middle *** rainstorms during the Meiyu period in the watershed caused the pulse runoff in the *** maximum daily runoff reached 70 times that before *** maximum daily fluxes of DIN and DIP were 109 and 247 times that before rains,*** view that the watershed experienced several rainstorms in the wet season,the river,with pulse runoff,carries a large amount of nutrients into the sea in a short time,which will have a significant impact on the environment of Sanmen bay and its adjacent sea.

关键词： small mountainous river uneven precipitation rainstorm pulse runoff nitrogen and phosphorus

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