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Autophagy-targeting modulation to promote peripheral nerve regeneration

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 1864-1882页

作者： Yan chen Hongxia Deng Nannan Zhang Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology West China Second HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Women and Children’s Diseases Ministry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Laboratory of reproductive Endocrinology and reproductive regulation Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina

Nerve regeneration following traumatic peripheral nerve injuries and neuropathies is a complex process modulated by diverse factors and intricate molecular *** studies have focused on factors that stimulate axonal outgrowth and myelin ***,recent studies have highlighted the pivotal role of autophagy in peripheral nerve regeneration,particularly in the context of traumatic ***,autophagy-targeting modulation has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach to enhancing peripheral nerve *** current understanding suggests that activating autophagy facilitates the rapid clearance of damaged axons and myelin sheaths,thereby enhancing neuronal survival and mitigating injury-induced oxidative stress and *** actions collectively contribute to creating a favorable microenvironment for structural and functional nerve regeneration.A range of autophagyinducing drugs and interventions have demonstrated beneficial effects in alleviating peripheral neuropathy and promoting nerve regeneration in preclinical models of traumatic peripheral nerve *** review delves into the regulation of autophagy in cell types involved in peripheral nerve regeneration,summarizing the potential drugs and interventions that can be harnessed to promote this *** hope that our review will offer novel insights and perspectives on the exploitation of autophagy pathways in the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries and neuropathies.

关键词： autophagy autophagy related genes Charcot–Marie–Tooth diseases diabetic peripheral neuropathy metformin myelination peripheral nerve injury Schwann cells sciatic nerve Wallerian degeneration

Effects of Shenqi xiangyi granules in advanced gastric cancer chemotherapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第1期17卷 169-175页

作者： xiao-Jing Shi Yu Song xue-xue Liang Ting chen Huang-Yu Hao xue Han Ya-Nan chen Department of Oncology Zhangjiagang First People's HospitalSuzhou 215600Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGrOUND Owing to the absence of specific symptoms in early-stage gastric cancer,most patients are diagnosed at intermediate or advanced *** a result,treatment often shifts from surgery to other therapies,with chemotherapy and targeted therapies being the primary options for advanced gastric cancer treatment.A total of 116 patients with advanced gastric cancer,admitted from January 2021 to December 2023,were selected and divided into two groups of 58 each using the random number table *** control group received FOLFOx4 chemothe-rapy(oxaliplatin+calcium+folinate+5-fluorouracil)combined with intravenous *** observation group received the same treatment as the control group,supplemented by oral administration of Senqi Shiyiwei *** groups underwent treatment cycles of 3 weeks,with a minimum of two *** therapeutic efficacy,immune mechanisms,and treatment-related toxicity and side effects were compared between the *** objective remission rate in the observation group(55.17%)was higher than that of the control group(36.21%)(Pr two treatment cycle,CD3+,CD4+,and CD4+/CD8+levels were higher in the observation group compared to the control group,while CD8+,regulatory T cells,and natural killer cells were lower(Pr in observed group(Prences were observed in the incidence of other adverse reactions(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Adjuvant therapy with Shenqixian granules may enhance the efficacy of simudizumab combined with FOLFOx4 chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer and the immune function by increasing immune cell counts,making it a valuable option in clinical treatment.

关键词： Sindilizumab FOLFOx4 chemotherapy Advanced gastric cancer Ginseng Qi xiangyi granule Clinic treatment

Glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the brain and its involvement in cognitive function

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第9期20卷 2520-2537页

作者： Chonglin Su Taiqi Huang Meiyu Zhang Yanyu Zhang Yan Zeng xingxing chen Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and ControlSchool of MedicineWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulates the secretion of glucoco rticoids in response to environmental *** the brain,a nuclear receptor transcription fa ctor,the glucocorticoid recepto r,is an important component of the hypothalamicpituitary-a d renal axis's negative feedback loop and plays a key role in regulating cognitive equilibrium and *** glucoco rticoid receptor influences cognitive processes,including glutamate neurotransmission,calcium signaling,and the activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated pathways,through a combination of genomic and non-genomic *** interactions within the central nervous system can alter the expression and activity of the glucocorticoid receptor,there by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-a d renal axis and stress-related cognitive *** appropriate level of glucocorticoid receptor expression can improve cognitive function,while excessive glucocorticoid receptors or long-term exposure to glucoco rticoids may lead to cognitive *** with cognitive impairment-associated diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease,aging,depression,Parkinson's disease,Huntington's disease,stroke,and addiction,often present with dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and glucocorticoid receptor *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the functions of the glucoco rticoid receptor in the hypothalamic-pituitary-a d renal axis and cognitive *** emphasizes that appropriate glucocorticoid receptor signaling fa cilitates learning and memory,while its dysregulation can lead to cognitive *** provides clues about how glucocorticoid receptor signaling can be targeted to ove rcome cognitive disability-related disorders.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium signaling glucocorticoid receptor glucocorticoid glutamate transmission hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis long-term potentiation neurocognitive disorders neuroplasticity stress

Human leukocyte antigen and donor-specific antibodies in liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第2期31卷 157-160页

作者： Qimudesiren Sha-Na chen Li-ren Qian School of Clinical Medicine Inner Mongolia Minzu UniversityTongliao 028000Inner Mongolia Autonomous RegionChina Department of Hematology International Mongolian Hospital of Inner MongoliaHohhot 010065Inner Mongolia Autonomous RegionChina Senior Department of Hematology The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100071China The Second School of Clinical Medicine Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina

In this article,we comment on an article published in a recent issue of the World Journal of *** specifically focus on the roles of human leukocyte antigen(HLA)and donor-specific antibodies(DSAs)in pediatric liver transpl-antation(LT),as well as the relationship between immune rejection after LT and ***,LT remains the standard of care for pediatric patients with end-stage liver disease or severe acute liver ***,acute and chronic re-jection continues to be a significant cause of graft dysfunction and *** mismatch significantly reduces graft survival and increases the risk of acute *** them,D→r one-way mismatch at three loci was significantly related to graft-versus-host disease incidence after *** adverse impact of HLA-DSAs on LT recipients is already ***,the evaluation of HLA and DSA is crucial in pediatric LT.

关键词： Liver transplantation Human leukocyte antigen Donor-specific antibodies De novo donor-specific antibody Antibody-mediated rejection

retrospective analysis of pathological types and imaging features in pancreatic cancer: A comprehensive study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第1期17卷 121-129页

作者： Yang-Gang Luo Mei Wu Hong-Guang chen Pathology Department Xuanhan County People’s HospitalDazhou 636150Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGrOUND Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide,with a poor prognosis often attributed to late *** the correlation between pathological type and imaging features is crucial for early detection and appropriate treatment *** To retrospectively analyze the relationship between different pathological types of pancreatic cancer and their corresponding imaging *** We retrospectively analyzed the data of 500 patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer between January 2010 and December 2020 at our *** types were determined by histopathological examination of the surgical spe-cimens or biopsy *** imaging features were assessed using computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and endoscopic *** analyses were performed to identify significant associations between pathological types and specific imaging *** There were 320(64%)cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,75(15%)of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,50(10%)of neuroendocrine tumors,and 55(11%)of other rare *** imaging features were identified in each pathological *** ductal adenocarcinoma typically presents as a hypodense mass with poorly defined borders on computed tomography,whereas intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms present as characteristic cystic lesions with mural *** tumors often appear as hypervascular lesions in contrast-enhanced *** analysis revealed significant correlations between specific imaging features and pathological types(Prated a strong association between the pathological types of pancreatic cancer and imaging *** findings can enhance the accuracy of noninvasive diagnosis and guide personalized treatment approaches.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pathological types Imaging features retrospective analysis Diagnostic accuracy

The emerging role of nitric oxide in the synaptic dysfunction of vascular dementia

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第2期20卷 402-415页

作者： xiaorong Zhang Zhiying chen Yinyi xiong Qin Zhou Ling-Qiang Zhu Dan Liu Department of Pathology Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine research Center JiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Center for Cognitive Science and Transdisciplinary Studies Jiujiang UniversityJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of rehabilitation Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic MedicineTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

With an increase in global aging,the number of people affected by cerebrovascular diseases is also increasing,and the incidence of vascular dementia-closely related to cerebrovascular risk-is increasing at an epidemic ***,few therapeutic options exist that can markedly improve the cognitive impairment and prognosis of vascular dementia *** in Alzheimer’s disease and other neurological disorders,synaptic dysfunction is recognized as the main reason for cognitive *** oxide is one of the ubiquitous gaseous cellular messengers involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes of the central nervous ***,nitric oxide has been implicated in regulating synaptic plasticity and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular *** review introduces in detail the emerging role of nitric oxide in physiological and pathological states of vascular dementia and summarizes the diverse effects of nitric oxide on different aspects of synaptic dysfunction,neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,and blood-brain barrier dysfunction that underlie the progress of vascular ***,we propose that targeting the nitric oxide-sGC-cGMP pathway using certain specific approaches may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular dementia.

关键词： endoplasmic reticulum stress endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene therapy nitric oxide NO-sGC-cGMP pathway synaptic dysfunction vascular dementia

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 enhances discharge activity of cortical neurons

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第2期20卷 548-556页

作者： Zhihui ren Tian Li xueer Liu Zelin Zhang xiaoxuan chen Weiqiang chen Kangsheng Li Jiangtao Sheng Department of Microbiology and Immunology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular ImmunopathologyShantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1)has been extensively studied for its pleiotropic effects on central nervous system *** neuroprotective or neurotoxic effects of TGF-β1 in specific brain areas may depend on the pathological process and cell types ***-gated sodium channels(VGSCs)are essential ion channels for the generation of action potentials in neurons,and are involved in various neuroexcitation-related ***,the effects of TGF-β1 on the functional properties of VGSCs and firing properties in cortical neurons remain *** this study,we investigated the effects of TGF-β1 on VGSC function and firing properties in primary cortical neurons from *** found that TGF-β1 increased VGSC current density in a dose-and time-dependent manner,which was attributable to the upregulation of Nav1.3 *** VGSC current density and Nav1.3 expression were significantly abolished by preincubation with inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase(PD98059),p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(SB203580),and Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1/2 inhibitor(SP600125).Interestingly,TGF-β1 significantly increased the firing threshold of action potentials but did not change their firing rate in cortical *** findings suggest that TGF-β1 can increase Nav1.3 expression through activation of the ErK1/2-JNK-MAPK pathway,which leads to a decrease in the firing threshold of action potentials in cortical neurons under pathological ***,this contributes to the occurrence and progression of neuroexcitatory-related diseases of the central nervous system.

关键词： central nervous system cortical neurons ErK firing properties JNK Nav1.3 p38 transforming growth factor-beta 1 traumatic brain injury voltage-gated sodium currents

Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第3期20卷 836-844页

作者： Do-Hun Lee Dan Cao Younghye Moon chen chen Nai-Kui Liu xiao-Ming xu Wei Wu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.

关键词： behavioral assessment motor function neural plasticity running wheel exercise spinal cord injury treadmill exercise voluntary exercise

Exosomes originating from neural stem cells undergoing necroptosis participate in cellular communication by inducing TSC2 upregulation of recipient cells following spinal cord injury

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第11期20卷 3273-3286页

作者： Shiming Li Jianfeng Li Guoliang chen Tao Lin Penghui Zhang Kuileung Tong Ningning chen Shaoyu Liu Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Bone Tissue repair and Translational research Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe Seventh Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedic Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

We previously demonstrated that inhibiting neural stem cells necroptosis enhances functional recovery after spinal cord *** exosomes are recognized as playing a pivotal role in neural stem cells exocrine function,their precise function in spinal cord injury remains *** investigate the role of exosomes generated following neural stem cells necroptosis after spinal cord injury,we conducted singlecell rNA sequencing and validated that neural stem cells originate from ependymal cells and undergo necroptosis in response to spinal cord ***,we established an in vitro necroptosis model using neural stem cells isolated from embryonic mice aged 16-17 days and extracted *** results showed that necroptosis did not significantly impact the fundamental characteristics or number of *** sequencing of exosomes in necroptosis group identified 108 differentially expressed messenger rNAs,104 long non-coding rNAs,720 circular rNAs,and 14 microrNAs compared with the control *** of a competing endogenous rNA network identified the following hub genes:tuberous sclerosis 2(Tsc2),solute carrier family 16 member 3(Slc16a3),and forkhead box protein P1(Foxp1).Notably,a significant elevation in TSC2 expression was observed in spinal cord tissues following spinal cord ***2-positive cells were localized around SrY-box transcription factor 2-positive cells within the injury ***,in vitro analysis revealed increased TSC2 expression in exosomal receptor cells compared with other *** assessment of cellular communication following spinal cord injury showed that Tsc2 was involved in ependymal cellular communication at 1 and 3 days post-injury through the epidermal growth factor and midkine signaling *** addition,Slc16a3 participated in cellular communication in ependymal cells at 7 days post-injury via the vascular endothelial growth factor and macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling

关键词： cellular communication competing endogenous rNA exosomes Foxp1 necroptosis neural stem cells Slc16a3 spinal cord injury transcriptome sequencing Tsc2