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Climate change drives flooding risk increases in the Yellow River Basin

Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 193-199页

作者： Hengxing Lan Zheng zhao Langping Li junhua Li Bojie Fu Naiman Tian Ruixun Lai Sha Zhou Yanbo Zhu Fanyu Zhang jianbing Peng john j.Clague State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10049China Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research Yellow River Conservancy CommissionZhengzhou 450003China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China The Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering and MechanicsLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Earth Sciences Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyCanada

The Yellow River Basin(YRB)has experienced severe floods and continuous riverbed elevation throughout *** climate change has been suggested to be driving a worldwide increase in flooding ***,owing to insufficient evidence,the quantitative correlation between flooding and climate change remains *** present a long time series of maximum flood discharge in the YRB dating back to 1843 compiled from historical documents and instrument *** in yearly maximum flood discharge show distinct periods:a dramatic decreasing period from 1843 to 1950,and an oscillating gentle decreasing from 1950 to 2021,with the latter period also showing increasing more extreme floods.A Mann-Kendall test analysis suggests that the latter period can be further split into two distinct sub-periods:an oscillating gentle decreasing period from 1950 to 2000,and a clear recent increasing period from 2000 to *** further predict that climate change will cause an ongoing remarkable increase in future flooding risk and an∼44.4 billion US dollars loss of floods in the YRB in 2100.

关键词： Flooding risk Risk management Climate change Flood discharge Extreme precipitation

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Improvement of impact properties of Al-Si-Mg alloy via solution treatment and joint modification with Sr and La

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3301-3313页

作者： xiong-Ling Zheng Shao-xiang Li jia-Le Ma Qing-Yan xu Hai-Dong zhao Zhi-Qiang Han Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Engineering Research Center of Near-Net Shape Forming for Metallic Materials South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

An effort to obtain superior impact properties for Al-7Si-0.35 Mg alloy is presented,where modification with 0.02 wt% Sr and 0.1 wt% La as well as solution treatment was jointly *** samples were solution treated at 535℃ for 15 min to 12 *** microstructure,fracture mechanism,and their correlation with the impact properties of the alloy were studied in detail mainly through optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and oscillography impact *** results show that the addition of Sr and La refined the eutectic Si particles significantly from~ 2.05 μm(modified with Sr alone) to~ 0.75 μm in as-cast microstructure,leading to a very homogeneous distribution of spheroidized Si particles in the alloy solution treated at 535℃ for 8 *** alloy exhibits excellent impact toughness up to 75 j·cm^(-2),which is much higher than the maximum impact toughness of the alloys modified by Sr alone(~ 46 j·cm^(-2)).The major reason for this remarkable increase in the impact property is the dramatic increase in crack initiation *** dispersoid-free zones(DFZs)near the eutectic regions mainly consist of the ductile Al-matrix,which exhibits excellent *** ductile Al-matrix of the DFZs hinders the crack propagation,resulting in a significant increase in crack propagation energy.

关键词： Aluminum alloys Modification Solution treatment Microstructure Impact properties Fracture mechanism

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Human radiological safety assessment for petawatt laser-driven ion acceleration experiments in CLAPA-T

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 8-15页

作者： xiaopeng Zhang jiarui zhao Shengxuan xu xun Chen Ying Gao Shiyou Chen Kun Zhu xueqing Yan Wenjun Ma State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology and Key Laboratory of HEDP of the Ministry of EducationCAPTPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsCASBeijing 100049China Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center HuairouBeijing 101400China Institute of Guangdong Laser Plasma Technology BaiyunGuangzhou 510540China

The newly built Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator-Therapy facility at Peking University will deliver 60 j/1 Hz laser pulses with 30 fs *** by this petawatt laser facility,proton beams with energy up to 200 MeV are expected to be generated for tumor *** high-repetition operation,both prompt radiation and residual radiation may cause safety ***,human radiological safety assessment before commissioning is *** this paper,we simulate both prompt and residual radiation using the Geant4 and FLUKA Monte Carlo codes with reasonable proton and as-produced electron beam *** find that the prompt radiation can be shielded well by the concrete wall of the experimental hall,but the risk from residual radiation is nonnegligible and necessitates adequate radiation *** the basis of the simulation results,we discuss the constraints imposed by radiation safety considerations on the annual working time,and we propose radiation cooling strategies for different shooting modes.

关键词： laser prompt acceleration

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Dielectric and energy storage properties of PbO–SrO–Nb_(2)O_(5)–Na_(2)O–Si thin films by annealing

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 351-355页

作者： Fei-Hu Tan Qing-Meng Zhang Feng Wei Hong-Bin zhao xiao Zhang jun Du State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing General Research Institute for Nonferrous MetalsBeijing 100088China Advanced Electronic Materials Institute General Research Institute for Nonferrous MetalsBeijing 100088China

Dielectric and energy storage properties of PbOSrO-Na_(2)O-Nb_(2)O_(5)-SiO_(2)(PSNNS) thin films with annealing temperature from 700 to 850 ℃ were investigated by measuring their capacitance-electric filed curve and hysteresis *** results show that the highest dielectric constant and energy density are 81.2 and 17.0 j·cm^(-3),respectively,which is obtained in the sample with annealing temperature of 800 ℃.Annealed from 700 to800 ℃,the dielectric constant and energy storage performance of PSNNS films are continuously ***,with annealing temperature up to 850 ℃,their dielectric constant decreases,which might be related with the removal of interfacial defects as a function of annealing *** is one of the causes of space charge phenomenon,resulting in the increase in dielectric ***,the micro structure analysis by x-ray diffraction(xRD) and transmission electron microscope(TEM) indicates that the change of crystallization phase and interfacial polarization takes responsibility to the results.

关键词： Thin film Pulse laser deposition Annealing temperature Energy storage density

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Ultraviolet‑Irradiated All‑Organic Nanocomposites with Polymer Dots for High‑Temperature Capacitive Energy Storage

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 398-406页

作者： jiale Ding Yao Zhou Wenhan xu Fan Yang Danying zhao Yunhe Zhang Zhenhua jiang Qing Wang College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USAs Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr.8522607 HamburgGermany

Polymer dielectrics capable of operating efficiently at high electric fields and elevated temperatures are urgently demanded by next-generation electronics and electrical power *** inorganic fillers have been extensively utilized to improved high-temperature capacitive performance of dielectric polymers,the presence of thermodynamically incompatible organic and inorganic components may lead to concern about the long-term stability and also complicate film ***,zero-dimensional polymer dots with high electron affinity are introduced into photoactive allyl-containing poly(aryl ether sulfone)to form the all-organic polymer composites for hightemperature capacitive energy *** ultraviolet irradiation,the crosslinked polymer composites with polymer dots are efficient in suppressing electrical conduction at high electric fields and elevated temperatures,which significantly reduces the high-field energy loss of the composites at 200℃.Accordingly,the ultraviolet-irradiated composite film exhibits a discharged energy density of 4.2 j cm^(−3)at 200℃.Along with outstanding cyclic stability of capacitive performance at 200℃,this work provides a promising class of dielectric materials for robust high-performance all-organic dielectric nanocomposites.

关键词： High-temperature energy storage Polymer dots Ultraviolet irradiation All-organic composite dielectrics

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Photometric Analysis for Asteroid(81)Terpsichore using Convex Inversion and Phase Function Fitting Methods

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 201-208页

作者： Ao Wang xiaobin Wang xiaoyun xu Longhua Qin Quangui Gao Huaizhen Li Yong xiao Hairu zhao Department of Physics Yuxi Normal UniversityYuxi 653100China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The shapes and rotation states(periods and pole orientations)of main-belt asteroids are important for understanding their formation and *** order to obtain sufficient photometric data covering different apparitions for asteroid(81)Terpsichore,ground-based photometric observations in 2020 and 2021 were carried *** combining published and newly obtained photometric data,we calculated the shape and spin parameters for(81)Terpsichore using the convex inversion *** this method,we have derived a best fitted pole orientation—(22.2±_(3.1)^(3.3°),17.5±_(5.5)^(10.8°))with a spin period of 10.94±_(0.01)^(0.01)*** on the derived convex shape of(81)Terpsichore,we have fitted the H,G+1,G_(2)phase function using the calibrated TESS data and Gaia data after accounting for the lightcurve amplitude *** a result,we have derived its absolute magnitude H=8.68±_(0.19)^(0.22)mag with corresponding phase function parameters G_(1)=0.82±_(0.10)^(0.09)and G_(2)=0.02±_(0.02)^(0.03).

关键词： asteroids:general minor planets asteroids:individual(Terpsichore) techniques:photometric

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Insights into genetic diversity and phenotypic variations in domestic geese through comprehensive population and pan-genome analysis

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 88-107页

作者： Guangliang Gao Hongmei Zhang jiangping Ni xianzhi zhao Keshan Zhang jian Wang xiangdong Kong Qigui Wang Chongqing Academy of Animal Science Rongchang DistrictChongqing 402460China Livestock and Poultry Multi‑Omics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement Rongchang DistrictChongqing 402460China Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Non‑Invasive Cardiology Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China jiguangGene Biotechnology Co. Ltd.Nanjing210032China jiangsu Agri-Animal Vocational College Taizhou225300China Poultry Science Institute Chongqing Academy of Animal ScienceNo.51 Changzhou AvenueRongchang DistrictChongqing 402460P.R.China

Background Domestic goose breeds are descended from either the Swan goose(Anser cygnoides)or the Greylag goose(Anser anser),exhibiting variations in body size,reproductive performance,egg production,feather color,and other phenotypic *** a pan-genome facilitates a thorough identification of genetic variations,thereby deepening our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying genetic diversity and phenotypic *** To comprehensively facilitate population genomic and pan-genomic analyses in geese,we embarked on the task of 659 geese whole genome resequencing data and compiling a database of 155 RNA-seq *** constructing the pan-genome for geese,we generated non-reference contigs totaling 612 Mb,unveiling a collection of 2,813 novel genes and pinpointing 15,567 core genes,1,324 softcore genes,2,734 shell genes,and 878 cloud genes in goose ***,we detected an 81.97 Mb genomic region showing signs of genome selection,encompassing the TGFBR2 gene correlated with variations in body weight among ***-wide association studies utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and presence-absence variation revealed significant genomic associations with various goose meat quality,reproductive,and body composition *** instance,a gene encoding the SVEP1 protein was linked to carcass oblique length,and a distinct gene-CDS haplotype of the SVEP1 gene exhibited an association with carcass oblique ***,the pan-genome analysis revealed enrichment of variable genes in the“hair follicle maturation”Gene Ontology term,potentially linked to the selection of feather-related traits in geese.A gene presence-absence variation analysis suggested a reduced frequency of genes associated with“regulation of heart contraction”in domesticated geese compared to their wild *** study provided novel insights into gene expression features and functions by integrating gene expression patterns across multiple orga

关键词： Gene-CDS haplotype Goose GWAS Pan-genome Presence-absence variation Selection signal

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Microstructure Recrystallization and Mechanical Properties of a Cold-Rolled TiNbZrTaHf Refractory High-Entropy Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第4期37卷 633-647页

作者： Chuan Rong jieren Yang xiaoliang zhao Ke Huang Ying Liu xiaohong Wang Dongdong Zhu Ruirun Chen College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China Key Laboratory of Air-Driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province Quzhou UniversityQuzhou324000China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China

The equiatomic TiNbZrTaHf alloy was successfully rolled at room temperature with the reduction of ~ 85%. The microstructure and tensile properties were investigated after cold working and annealing. It was determined that the recrystallization temperature of the TiNbZrTaHf alloy between 850 and 900 ℃. Complete recrystallization and normal grain growth occurred, the high stability of single phase was maintained after annealing at 1000, 1200, and 1400 ℃. But the precipitated phase appeared after long term annealing, as seen after 500 h at 1000 ℃. After cold working, the tensile strength and the elongation of TiNbZrTaHf were 1137 MPa and 25.1%, respectively. The annealed alloy has a high tensile strength (σ_(b )= 863 MPa) and ductility (ε_(e )= 28.5%). Moreover, the oxidation of TiNbZrTaHf alloy at elevated temperatures has a significant impact on its mechanical properties. The poor oxidation resistance of TiNbZrTaHf can accelerate tensile failure by inducing fractures at grain boundaries.

关键词： Refractory high entropy alloy Cold rolling Recrystallization Oxidation resistance Mechanical properties

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A compact route for efficient production of high-purity β-Ga2O3 powder

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4573-4584页

作者： xiao-Wei Zhou Gao-jie Chen Liang xu Zhi-jun Shao Cheng Yang Yong-Pan Tian Zhuo zhao School of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Low-Carbon Research Institute Anhui University of Technology

The present study has proposed a compact process for the production of high-purity β-Ga2O3powder by simply using gallium metal and water as the raw materials. The process basically consists of two essential steps including hydrothermal synthesis of Ga OOH and calcination of Ga OOH for the production of the target product of β-Ga2O3. Thermodynamic evaluation and systematic experiments were conducted for process parameter optimization. x-ray diffractometer（xRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, thermogravimetryDdifferential scanning calorimetry（TG-DSC） and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（xPS） were utilized to clarify the reaction mechanisms of the hydrothermal synthesis and transformation of Ga OOH to β-Ga2O3by calcination. Chemical analysis of the final product of β-Ga2O3obtained under the optimal conditions was carried out with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）, and the results showed that the contents of the representative impurities such as Ni, Cu, In, Mn, Co, Zn and Cr are obviously lower than the requirement of 5N β-Ga2O3standard, exhibiting excellent application prospect of the proposed process to produce high-purity β-Ga2O3.

关键词： Calcination Hydrothermal synthesis Purity Reaction mechanism β-Ga2O3

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Simultaneously achieving high energy density and responsivity in submicron BaTiO_(3) film capacitors integrated on Si

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journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第2期13卷 198-206页

作者： jun Ouyang Yinxiu xue Chuanqi Song Meiling Yuan Kun Wang Yuyao zhao Hongbo Cheng Hanfei Zhu Chao Liu Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China Key Laboratory of Key Film Materials&Application for Equipment School of Material Sciences and EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Academic Affairs Office Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin 300300China China Tobacco Shandong Industrial Co. Ltd.Jinan 250014China

In the research field of energy storage dielectrics,the“responsivity”parameter,defined as the recyclable/recoverable energy density per unit electric field,has become critically important for a comprehensive evaluation of the energy storage capability of a *** this work,high recyclable energy density and responsivity,i.e.,W_(rec)=161.1 j·cm^(-3) and ξ=373.8 j·(kV·m^(2))^(-1),have been simultaneously achieved in a prototype perovskite dielectric,BaTiO_(3),which is integrated on Si at 500℃ in the form of a submicron thick *** ferroelectric film features a multi-scale polar structure consisting of ferroelectric grains with different orientations and inner-grain ferroelastic domains.A LaNiO_(3) buffer layer is used to induce a{001}textured,columnar nanograin microstructure,while an elevated deposition temperature promotes lateral growth of the nanograins(in-plane diameter increases from~10-20 nm at lower temperatures to~30 nm).These preferably oriented and periodically regulated nanograins have resulted in a small remnant polarization and a delayed polarization saturation in the film’s P-E behavior,leading to a high recyclable energy ***,an improved polarizability/dielectric constant of the BaTiO_(3) film has produced a much larger maximum polarization than those deposited at lower temperatures at the same electric field,leading to a record-breaking responsivity for this simple perovskite.

关键词： energy storage energy density responsivity BaTiO_(3) dielectric capacitor Si

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