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由超拍电子伏特加速器产生的超高能伽马射线气泡

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 449-457页

作者： LHAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao Chuandong Gao Cong Li Ruo-Yu Liu Ruizhi Yang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

We report the detection of aγ-ray bubble spanning at least 100deg2 in ultra-high energy(UHE)up to a few PeV in the direction of the star-forming region Cygnus x,implying the presence super PeVatron(s)accelerating protons to at least 10 PeV.A log-parabola form with the photon indexΓ(E)=(2.71±0.02)+(0.11±0.02)×log10(E/10 TeV)is found fitting the gamma-ray energy spectrum of the bubble *** sources,“hot spots”correlated with very massive molecular clouds,and a quasi-spherical amorphousγ-ray emitter with a sharp central brightening are observed in the *** the core of~0.5°,spatially associating with a region containing massive OB association(Cygnus OB2)and a microquasar(Cygnus x-3),as well as previously reported multi-TeV sources,an enhanced concentration of UHEγ-rays is observed with 2 photons at energies above 1 *** general feature of the bubble,the morphology,and the energy spectrum,are reasonably reproduced by the assumption of a particle accelerator in the core,continuously injecting protons into the ambient medium.

关键词： Cosmic rays γ-rays Interstellar medium Star cluster

Restoring force model of assembled piers connected with grouting sleeves and a mortise hybrid joint

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journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年

作者： Shangshun Lin jianshuai Zhang Zhiqing Qin Shiji Ye jinbing zhao Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Information in Civil Engineering Fujian University of Technology Fujian Communications Planning & Design Institute Co. Ltd. 3. Haoyao Times (Fujian) Group Co. Ltd.

In order to investigate the simplified calculation method of the rebound model of the grouted sleeve and mortise-and-tenon hybrid-connected assembled reinforced concrete piers， quasi-static tests were conducted on three types of piers: cast-in-place piers (SZT-1)， single-span assembled piers (SG-1)， and double-span assembled piers (SGT-1). It was found that the damage modes and seismic performance of the SGT-1 specimens were similar to those of SG-1， while the seismic performance of the hybrid-connected assembled piers was better than that of SZT-1. Parametric analyses were carried out using experimentally-validated finite-element models to investigate the effects of parameters such as axial compression ratio， slenderness ratio， longitudinal reinforcement ratio， concrete strength， and the dimensions and materials of the protruding tenon and steel pipe on the seismic performance of the piers. In addition， the skeleton curve eigenvalue formula and rebound model are proposed， which can be used for elastic-plastic analysis and calculation of hybrid connection assembled piers.

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Twisted Phosphors that Violate Kasha's Exciton Model in Organic Systems

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Chinese journal of Chemistry 2024年第11期42卷 1237-1246页

作者： Boyi Fu Guangming Wang jiuyang Li junbo Li xun Li xiaoya zhao Shuhui Ding Guoping Yan Qianqian Yan Kaka Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhanHubei430205 China Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences345 Lingling RoadShanghai200032 China

Kasha's exciton model proposes that T1 energy levels of organic compounds are insensitive to molecular aggregation and microenvironment change because of negligible small transition dipole moments of T1 *** model holds true in most organic systems till *** we report the fabrication of twisted organic phosphors with intramolecular charge transfer characters and flexible molecular *** doped into different organic matrices,the twisted phosphor adopts different conformation,exhibits distinct phosphorescence colors and T1 energy levels,which violates Kasha's exciton model in organic *** that the change of phosphorescence colors and maxima can be readily distinguished by human eyes and conventional instrument,the twisted phosphors would be exploited as a new type of molecular probe,which would exhibit potential application in optical sensing and stimuli-responsive systems.

关键词： Afterglow Twisted phosphor Triplet excited state Room-temperature phosphorescence Luminescence Spin-orbit coupling

Different responses of soil fauna gut and plant rhizosphere microbiomes to manure applications

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 57-69页

作者： Shuai Du xiang zhao Yue Zhang Changlong Shu ju-Pei Shen Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research StationInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen361021China School of Geographical Sciences Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou350007China Institute of Plant Nutrition Resources and EnvironmentBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing100097China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Entomology Cangzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesCangzhou061001China

Microbial attributes were compared between soil fauna gut and plant rhizosphere.•Manure applications decreased or increased gut or rhizosphere bacterial diversity.•Stochastic or deterministic processes drove gut or rhizosphere bacterial assembly.•Manure applications increased bacterial network complexity of gut and *** microbes inhabit animals and plants,helping their hosts perform multiple functions in agricultural ***,the responses of soil fauna gut and plant rhizosphere microbiomes to livestock manure applications are still not well *** we fed Protaetia brevitarsis larvae(PBL)with chicken manure and collected their *** frass and manure were applied as fertilizers to lettuce *** then compared the changes of microbial diversity,community assembly,and potential functions between the gut group(i.e.,all PBL gut and frass samples)and the rhizosphere group(i.e.,all rhizosphere soil samples).We revealed that manure applications(i.e.,feeding or fertilization)decreased bacterial diversity in the gut group but increased that in the rhizosphere ***,the proportions of Bacilli in the gut group and Gammaproteobacteria in the rhizosphere group were increased(up to a maximum of 33.8%and 20.4%,respectively)after manure *** and deterministic processes dominated community assembly in the gut and rhizosphere microbiomes,*** applications increased the microbial co-occurrence network complexity of both the gut and rhizosphere ***,the proportions of functional taxa associated with human/animal pathogens in the gut group and carbon/nitrogen cycling in the rhizosphere group were enhanced(up to 2.6-fold and 24.6-fold,respectively).Our findings illustrate the different responses of microbial diversity,community assembly,and potential functions in soil fauna gut and plant rhizosphere to manure *** results could enhance our knowledge on the reasonable utilization of

关键词： soil fauna gut plant rhizosphere manure applications community assembly microbial functions

Phase evolution,hydrogen storage thermodynamics,and kinetics of ternary Mg98Ho1.5Fe0.5 alloy

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1800-1808页

作者： jinming Liu Hui Yong Yang zhao Shuai Wang Yiwan Chen Baosheng Liu jifan Hu Yanghuan Zhang College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology China Institute of Ocean Engineering (Tsing Tao) Key Laboratory of Integrated Exploitation of Baiyun Obo Multi-Metal Resources Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology

Rare earth elements and transition metals have been found to improve the hydrogen storage characteristics of magnesium-based *** study investigated the Mg-Ho-Fe（MHF） ternary alloy prepared using the vacuum induction melting technique.x-ray diffraction（xRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM）,pressure-composition-temperature（PCT）,and differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） were used to analyze the alloy's phase transitions,microstructure,thermodynamics,and kinetic *** results reveal that the Mg98Ho1.5Fe0.5alloy forms a solid solution with Ho and Fe in the magnesium *** hydrogen absorption,the activated alloy transforms into a mixture of Mg/MgH2phases and nanoscale ***,only the MgH2phase decomposes during hydrogen desorption,while the HoH2phase remains unchanged,exhibiting a positive catalytic *** alloy demonstrates excellent hydrogen absorption kinetics,achieving a capacity of 5.56 wt% H2within 10 min at 360℃,owing to the combined catalytic effects of Ho and *** activation energy for hydrogen desorption is found to be 135.87 kj/mol,which is lower than that of the activation energies of pure MgH2and MgFe alloys,indicating an enhancement in desorption ***,the enthalpy and entropy changes for hydrogen absorption and desorption are determined to be-70.51 kj/mol H2,-125.62 j/（K·mol） H2,72.83 kj/mol H2,and 128.95 j/（K·mol） H2,***,it is worth noting that the thermodynamic properties of the alloy are improved due to the catalytic effect of Ho and Fe.

关键词： Rare earths Magnesium-based hydrogen storage Hydrogen storage thermodynamics Hydrogen storage kinetics

Winter extreme precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau influenced by Arctic sea ice on interdecadal timescale

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 42-51页

作者： Qing-Quan LI Miao BI Song YANG Qing-Yuan WU Yi-Hui DING xin-Yong SHEN xiao-Ting SUN Meng-Chu zhao China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CentreBeijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China CMA Key Open Laboratory of Transforming Climate Resources to Economy Chongqing Institute of Meteorological SciencesChongqing 401147China School of Atmospheric Sciences and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519082China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China

The Tibetan Plateau(TP)and the Arctic are the most sensitive regions to global climate ***,the interdecadal varibility of winter extreme precipitation over the TP and its linkage with Arctic sea ice are still *** this study,the characteristics and mechisnems of the TP extreme precipitation(TPEP)influenced by Arctic sea ice on interdecadal timescale are studied based on the daily precipitation,monthly sea ice concentration and ERA5 reanalysis data from 1980 to *** found that the dominant mode of the TPEP in winter mostly exhibits a uniform spatial variation on the interdecadal timescale,with an opposite weak variation in the southeastern TP,and the Arctic sea ice concentration(SIC)before 2002 are larger than that after *** interdecadal variation of TPEP is affected by two teleconnection wave trains regulated by the Barents and Kara Sea *** the light ice years,a remarkable positive geopotential height(HGT)anomaly appears over the Barents-Kara Sea and a remarkable negative HGT anomaly is located over the Lake *** wave trains originating over the Barents-Kara Sea can be *** southern branch forms a wave train through the North Atlantic along the subtropical westerly jet stream,showing a‘+-+-+'pattern of HGT anomalies from Arctic to the *** HGT anomaly controls the western TP,which creates dynamic and water vapor conditions for the *** northern branch forms a wave train through the Lake Baikal and the southeast of the TP,showing a‘+-+'HGT anomaly *** HGT anomaly controls the southeastern TP,which is not conducive to precipitation in the *** the SIC in the Barents-Kara Sea increases,the situation is *** above analysis also reveals the reason for the difference in the east-west distribution of the TPEP.

关键词： Arctic sea ice Tibetan Plateau Winter extreme precipitation Rossby wave activity Interdecadal variation

不同模式低氧训练影响小鼠骨骼肌线粒体自噬与血管生长研究

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中国运动医学杂志 2024年第7期43卷 546-553页

作者：赵永才高炳宏天津体育学院运动健康学院运动生理学与运动医学重点实验室上海体育大学竞技运动学院

目的：探讨运动训练、低氧暴露和不同低氧训练模式对小鼠骨骼肌线粒体自噬及血管生长信号的影响。方法：40只C57BL/6j雄性小鼠随机分5组：对照组（C组）、低氧暴露组（H组）、运动训练组（E组）、高住低练组（LHTL组）及低住高练组（LLT... 详细信息

目的：探讨运动训练、低氧暴露和不同低氧训练模式对小鼠骨骼肌线粒体自噬及血管生长信号的影响。方法：40只C57BL/6j雄性小鼠随机分5组：对照组（C组）、低氧暴露组（H组）、运动训练组（E组）、高住低练组（LHTL组）及低住高练组（LLTH组），8只/组。H组每天进行8小时低氧暴露（14.8%～12.5%氧浓度）；E组每天常氧下进行一次跑台训练；LHTL组结合H组和E组的干预；LLTH组每天进行一次低氧运动；干预6周，5天/周。干预结束后取骨骼肌，冷冻或组织学固定，Western blot测定腓肠肌蛋白，免疫组化评估股四头肌血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和血小板内皮细胞黏附分子（CD31）表达，透射电镜观察腓肠肌线粒体形态。结果：（1）自噬信号方面，相比C组，LHTL组自噬标记物微管相关蛋白轻链-3Ⅱ/Ⅰ比值（LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ）显著提高（Px）表达显著提高（P<0.05）。其中LHTL组LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ和Pink1蛋白表达均显著高于E组（P<0.05）。（3）血管信号方面，相比C组，H、E、LHTL、LLTH组骨骼肌VEGF和LHTL、LLTH组CD31表达均显著提高（P<0.05）。电镜观察发现E、LHTL组骨骼肌线粒体体积变大，各组肌原纤维形态正常。结论：低氧训练，尤其高住低练模式明显增强小鼠骨骼肌线粒体自噬信号，并提高血管生长水平，在提升骨骼肌线粒体自噬方面，低氧训练有好于运动训练或低氧暴露的趋势。

关键词：运动骨骼肌线粒体自噬血管生成低氧训练

The OsBZR1-OsSPx1/2 module fine-tunes the growth-immunity trade-off in adaptation to phosphate availability in rice

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 258-276页

作者： Yuqing He Yao zhao jitao Hu Lanlan Wang Linying Li xueying Zhang Zhongjing Zhou Lili Chen Hua Wangl jiaoyu Wang Gaojie Hong State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021P.R.China Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHangzhou 310021P.R.China College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018P.R.China State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Qualty and Safety of Agro-products Zhejang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021P.R.China State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products Key Labory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Plant Protection and MicrobiologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021P.R.China

The growth-promoting hormones brassinosteroids(BRs)and their key signaling component BZR1 play a vital role in balancing normal growth and defense ***,we discovered that BRs and OsBZR1 up-regulated sakuranetin accumulation and conferred basal defense against Magnaporthe oryzae infection under normal *** shortages,including phosphate(Pi)deficiency,potentially disrupt this growth-defense ***1 and OsSPx2 have been reported to sense Pi concentration and interact with the Pi signal mediator OsPHR2,thus regulating Pi starvation *** this study,we discovered that OsSPx1/2 interacts with OsBZR1 in both Pi-sufficient and Pi-deficient conditions,inhibit-ing BR-responsive *** Pi is sufficient,OsSPx1/2 is captured by OsPHR2,enabling most of OsBzR1 to promote plant growth and maintain basal *** response to Pi starvation,more OsSPx1/2 is released from OsPHR2 to inhibit OsBZR1 activity,resulting in slower ***,our study reveals that the OsBZR1-SPx1/2 module balances the plant growth-immunity trade-off in *** Y.,zhao Y.,Hu j.,Wang L.,Li L.,Zhang x.,Zhou Z.,Chen L.,Wang H.,Wang j.,and Hong G.(2024).The OsBZR1-OsSPx1/2 module fine-tunes the growth-immunity trade-off in adaptation to phosphate availability in esponse to Pi availability.

关键词： immunity maintain adaptation

Single-cell transcriptomic Atlas of aging macaque ocular outflow tissues

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Protein & Cell 2024年第8期15卷 594-611页

作者： jian Wu Chaoye Wang Shuhui Sun Tianmin Ren Lijie Pan Hongyi Liu Simeng Hou Shen Wu xuejing Yan jingxue Zhang xiaofang zhao Weihai Liu Sirui Zhu Shuwen Wei Chi Zhang xu jia Qi Zhang Ziyu Yu Yehong Zhuo Qi zhao Chenlong Yang Ningli Wang Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren Eye CenterBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesBeijing 100730China State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510060China State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Neurosurgery Peking University Third HospitalCenter for Precision Neurosurgery and Oncology of Peking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China Spencer Center for Vision Research Byers Eye InstituteSchool of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94304USA

The progressive degradation in the trabecular meshwork(TM)is related to age-related ocular diseases like primary open-angle ***,the molecular basis and biological significance of the aging process in TM have not been fully ***,we established a dynamic single-cell transcriptomic landscape of aged macaque TM,wherein we classified the outflow tissue into 12 cell subtypes and identified mitochondrial dysfunction as a prominent feature of TM ***,we divided TM cells into 13 clusters and performed an in-depth analysis on cluster O,which had the highest aging score and the most significant changes in cell proportions between the two ***,we found that the APOE gene was an important differentially expressed gene in cluster O during the aging process,highlighting the close relationship between cell migration and extracellular matrix regulation,and TM *** work further demonstrated that silencing the APOE gene could increase migration and reduce apoptosis by releasing the inhibition on the PI3K-AKT pathway and downregulating the expression of extracellular matrix components,thereby increasing the aqueous outflow rate and maintaining intraocular pressure within the normal *** work provides valuable insights for future clinical diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma.

关键词： single-cell transcriptomic atlas macaque trabecular meshwork ocular outflow tissue aging