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High-Performance and Large-Area Inverted Perovskite solar Cells Based on NiO_(x) Films Enabled with A Novel Microstructure-Control Technology

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 153-159页

作者： Guibin shen xin Li yuqin Zou Hongye Dong Dongping Zhu yanglin Jiang xin Ren ng Fen Lin Peter Müller-Buschbaum Cheng Mu Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics Department of ChemistryRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China solar Energy Research Institute of singapore(sERIs) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117574Singapore Physik-Department Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle MaterialienTechnische Universität MünchenJames-Franck-Straße 185748Garching Germany Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum(MLZ) Technische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstr.185748Garching Germany

The improvement in the efficiency of inverted perovskite solar cells(PsCs)is significantly limited by undesirable contact at the NiO_(x)/perovskite *** this study,a novel microstructure-control technology is proposed for fabrication of porous NiO_(x)films using Pluronic P123 as the structure-directing agent and acetylacetone(AcAc)as the coordination *** synthesized porous NiO_(x)films enhanced the hole extraction efficiency and reduced recombination defects at the NiO_(x)/perovskite ***,without any modification,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of the PsC with MAPbl_(3)as the absorber layer improved from 16.50%to 19.08%.Moreover,the PCE of the device composed of perovskite Cs0.05(MA_(0.15)FA_(0.85))_(0.95)Pb(I_(0.85)Br_(0.15))_(3)improved from 17.49%to 21.42%.Furthermore,the application of the fabricated porous NiO_(x)on fluorine-doped tin oxide(FTO)substrates enabled the fabrication of large-area PsCs(1.2 cm^(2))with a PCE of 19.63%.This study provides a novel strategy for improving the contact at the NiO_(x)/perovskite interface for the fabrication of high-performance large-area perovskite solar cells.

关键词： interfacial contact inverted and large-area perovskite solar cells photovoltaic materials porous NiO_(x)films renewable energy

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Distributed field mapping for mobile sensor teams using a derivative‐free optimisation algorithm

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IET Cyber-systems and Robotics 2024年第2期6卷 20-34页

作者： Tony x.Lin Jia Guo said Al-Abri Fumin Zhang Fumin Zhang31school of Electrical&Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA College of Engineering Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscatOman Department of Electronic&Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

The authors propose a distributed field mapping algorithm that drives a team of robots to explore and learn an unknown scalar field using a Gaussian Process(GP).The authors’strategy arises by balancing exploration objectives between areas of high error and high *** computing high error regions is impossible since the scalar field is unknown,a bio-inspired approach known as speeding-Up and slowing-Down is leveraged to track the gradient of the GP *** approach achieves global field-learning convergence and is shown to be resistant to poor hyperparameter tuning of the *** approach is validated in simulations and experiments using 2D wheeled robots and 2D flying mini-ature autonomous blimps.

关键词： environment sensing multi-robot systems

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Experimental measurements of gamma-photon production and estimation of electron/positron production on the PETAL laser facility

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 32-47页

作者： F.Brun L.Ribotte G.Boutoux x.Davoine P.E.Masson-Laborde y.sentoku N.Iwata N.Blanchot D.Batani I.Lantuéjoul L.Lecherbourg B.Rosse C.Rousseaux B.Vauzour D.Raffestin E.D’Humières x.Ribeyre Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications UMR 5107Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMCESTAF-33116 Le BarpFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance CEA LMCEUniversitéParis-Saclay91680 Bruyères-le-ChâtelFrance Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

This article reports the first measurements of high-energy photons produced with the high-intensity PETawatt Aquitaine Laser(PETAL)*** experiments were performed during the commissioning of the *** laser had an energy of about 400 J,an intensity of 8×10^(18)W cm^(−2),and a pulse duration of 660 fs(FWHM).It was shot at a 2 mm-thick solid tungsten *** high-energy photons were produced mainly from the bremsstrahlung process for relativistic electrons accelerated inside a plasma generated on the front side of the *** paper reports measurements of electrons,protons and *** electrons up to35 MeV with a few-MeV temperature were recorded by a spectrometer,called sEsAME(spectreÉlectrons Angulaire MoyenneÉnergie).K-and L-shells were clearly detected by a photon spectrometer called sPECTIx(spectromètre PetalàCristal en TransmIssion pour le rayonnnement x).High-energy photons were diagnosed by CRACC-x(Cassette de RAdiographie Centre Chambre-rayonnement x),a bremsstrahlung *** cannon analysis is strongly dependent on the hypothesis adopted for the spectral *** shapes can exhibit similar reproductions of the experimental *** eliminate dependence on the shape hypothesis and to facilitate analysis of the data,simulations of the interaction were *** model the mechanisms involved,a simulation chain including hydrodynamic,particle-in-cell,and Monte Carlo simulations was *** simulations model the preplasma generated at the front of the target by the PETAL laser prepulse,the acceleration of electrons inside the plasma,the generation of MeV-range photons from these electrons,and the response of the detector impacted by the energetic photon *** this work enabled reproduction of the experimental *** high-energy photons produced have a large emission angle and an exponential distribution *** addition to the analysis of the photon spectra,positron production was also ***,if high

关键词： process positron hypothesis

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Breakup of the Neoarchean supercontinent Kenorland:Evidence from zircon and baddeleyite U-Pb ages of LIP-related mafic dykes in the Coorg Block,southern India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 97-114页

作者： Cheng-xue yang M.santosh Jarred Lloyd stijn Glorie y.Anilkumar K.s.Anoop Pin Gao sung-Won Kim school of Earth sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences BeijingBeijing 100083PR China Institute of Earth sciences China University of Geosciences BeijingBeijing 100083PR China Department of Earth sciences University of AdelaideAdelaide SAAustralia Department of Geology University of KeralaKariavattomTrivandrumIndia Geology Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral ResourcesDaejeon 34132Republic of Korea

The Coorg Block in southern Peninsular India is one of the oldest crustal blocks on Earth that preserves the evidence for continental crust formation during the Paleo-Mesoarchean through subductionrelated arc magmatism,followed by granulite facies metamorphism in the *** this study,we report for the first time,the'bar codes'of a major Paleoproterozoic Large Igneous Province in the Coorg Block through the finding of mafic dyke *** gabbroic dykes from the Coorg Block,dom-inantly composed of plagioclase-pyroxene assemblage,show a restricted range in siO_(2)values of 50.04-51.27 wt.%,and exhibit a sub-alkaline tholeiitic *** rocks show relatively flat LREE and constant HREE patterns and lack obvious Eu *** element modeling suggests that the dyke swarm was fed from a melt that originated at a shallow mantle level in the spinel stability *** grains are rare in the gabbro samples and those separated from two samples yielded 207Pb/206Pb weighted mean dates of 2214±12 Ma and 2221±7 *** grains show magmatic features with depleted LREE and enriched HREE and positive Ce and negative Eu *** grains were dated from five gabbro samples which yielded 207Pb/206Pb weighted mean ages ranging between 2217±7 Ma and 2228±10 *** combined data show a clear age peak at ca.2.2 *** mafic dykes in the Coorg Block show geochemical similarities with ca.2.2 Ga mafic dyke swarms in different regions of the Dharwar and other cratons in Peninsular India and elsewhere on the *** data also support the inference that the global mafic magmatism at ca.2.2 Ga was linked with intracontinental rifting of the Archean cratons through mantle upwelling or plume *** correlate the mafic dyke swarms in the Coorg Block with attempted rifting of the Neoarchean supercontinent Kenorland.

关键词： Mafic dyke swarm Paleoproterozoic Large Igneous Province Geochronology Continental rifting Neoarchean supercontinent

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First-principles calculation on the electronic structures, phonon dynamics, and electrical conductivities of Pb_(10)(PO_(4))_(6O) and Pb_(9)Cu(PO_(4))_(6O) compounds

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2024年第6期173卷 218-224页

作者： L.y.Hao E.G.Fu state Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Department of Technical PhysicsSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

superconducting materials with high critical temperature have the potential to revolutionize many fields,including military,electronic communications,and power ***,scientists around the world have been tirelessly working with the ultimate goal of achieving high-temperature *** 2023,a preprint by Lee et *** south Korea claimed the discovery of ultra-high-temperature superconductivity with a critical temperature of up to 423 K in Cu-doped lead-apatite(LK-99)(arxiv:2307.12008,arxiv:2307.12037),which caused a worldwide sensation and ***,the electronic structures,phonon dynamics,and electrical conductivities of LK-99 and its parent compound lead-apatite have been calculated using first-principles *** results show that the lead-apatite compound and the LK-99 compound are insulator and half-metal *** flat band characteristic is consistent with previous *** electrical conductivity of the LK-99 compound shows two extreme points,and the electrical conductivity along the C-axis increases significantly after 400 *** phonon dispersion spectra of the compounds were investigated,demonstrating their dynamic instability.

关键词： superconductivity LK-99 Lead-apatite First-principles calculation

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Growth of RB Population in the Conversion Phase of Chlamydia Life Cycle

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 90-112页

作者： Frederic y.M.Wan Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaIrvineCA92697-3875USA

Upon infecting a host cell,the reticulate body(RB)form of the Chlamydia bacteria simply proliferates by binary fission for an extended *** data show only RB units in the infected cells 20 hours post infection(hpi),spanning nearly half way through the development *** data collected every 4 hpi,conversion to the elementary body(EB)form begins abruptly at a rapid rate sometime around 24 *** modeling proliferation and conversion as simple birth and death processes,it has been shown that the optimal strategy for maximizing the total(mean)EB population at host cell lysis time is a bang-bang control qualitatively replicating the observed conversion ***,the simple birth and death model for the RB proliferation and conversion to EB deviates in a significant way from the available data on the evolution of the RB population after the onset of RB-to-EB *** working with a more refined model that takes into account a small size threshold eligibility requirement for conversion noted in the available data,we succeed in removing the deficiency of the previous models on the evolution of the RB population without affecting the optimal bang-bang conversion strategy.

关键词： Chlamydia Life cycle Optimal control Maximal infectious spread specie competitive survival

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Actuality and underlying mechanisms of systemic immuneinflammation index and geriatric nutritional risk index prognostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal surgery 2024年第2期16卷 260-265页

作者： Konstantin y Tchilikidi Department of surgery with Postgraduate Education Altai State Medical UniversityBarnaul 656031Russia

This editorial contains comments on the article“Correlation between preoperative systemic immune inflammation index,nutritional risk index,and prognosis of radical resection of liver cancer”in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal *** pointed out the actuality and importance of the article and focused primarily on the underlying mechanisms making the systemic immuneinflammation index(sII)and geriatric nutritional risk index(GNRI)prediction features *** are few publications on both sII and GNRI together in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and patient prognosis after radical *** release cytokines,chemokines,and enzymes,degrade extracellular matrix,reduce cell adhesion,and create conditions for tumor cell *** promote the adhesion of tumor cells to endothelial cells,through physical *** results in the migration of tumor ***-angiogenic factors from platelets enhance tumor angiogenesis to meet tumor cell supply *** can form a protective film on the surface of tumor *** allows avoiding blood flow damage as well as immune system *** also induces the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of tumor cells that is critical for *** sII is also associated with macro-and microvascular invasion and increased numbers of circulating tumor cells.A high GNRI was associated with significantly better progression-free and overall *** patients are a very special population that requires increased *** and GNRI have significant survival prediction value in both palliative treatment and radical surgery *** underlying mechanisms of their possible predictive properties lie in the field of essential cancer *** features provide tumor nutrition,growth,and distribution throughout the body,such as vascular *** the other hand,they are tied to the possibility of patients to resist tumor progression and development of complications in bot

关键词： systemic immune-inflammation index Geriatric nutritional risk index Radical surgery Transarterial chemoembolization Hepatocellular carcinoma Prognosis

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Ex vivo liver resection and auto-transplantation and special systemic therapy in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma treatment

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal surgery 2024年第3期16卷 635-640页

作者： Konstantin y Tchilikidi Department of surgery with Postgraduate Education Altai State Medical UniversityBarnaul 656031Russia

This editorial contains comments on the article“systematic sequential therapy for ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation:A case report and review of li-terature”in the recent issue of World Journal of Gastrointestinal *** points out the actuality and importance of the article and focuses primarily on the role and place of ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation(ELRAT)and systemic therapy,underlying molecular mechanisms for targeted therapy in perihilar cho-langiocarcinoma(pCCA)*** is a tough malignancy with a high proportion of advanced disease at the time of *** only curative option is radical *** excision and reconstruction become extremely com-plicated and not always could be performed even in localized *** the other hand,ELRAT takes its place among surgical options for carefully selected pCCA *** advanced disease,systemic therapy becomes a viable option to prolong *** editorial describes current possibilities in chemotherapy and reveals underlying mechanisms and projections in targeted therapy with ki-nase inhibitors and immunotherapy in both palliative and adjuvant ***-broblast grow factor and fibroblast grow factor receptor,human epidermal grow-th factor receptor 2,isocitrate dehydrogenase,and protein kinase cAMP activated catalytic subunit alpha(PRKACA)and beta(PRKACB)pathways have been ac-tively investigated in CCA in last *** agents were introduced and approved by the Food and Drug *** all demonstrated mean-ingful activity in CCA patients with no global change in *** is why every successfully treated patient counts,especially those with advanced *** conclusion,pCCA is still hard to treat due to late diagnosis and extremely complicated surgical *** also brings some hope,but it could be performed in very carefully selected *** disease requires systemic anticancer treatment,which is supposed to be indivi

关键词： Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma Klatskin’tumor Ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Targeted therapy

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Indications of pro-inflammatory cytokines in laparoscopic and open liver resection for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 257-264页

作者： Kevin Tak-Pan ng Li Pang Jia-Qi Wang Wong Hoi she simon Hing-yin Tsang Chung Mau Lo Kwan Man Tan To Cheung Department of surgery HKU-SZH&School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina state Key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Background:Our clinical practice of laparoscopic liver resection(LLR)had achieved better short-term and long-term benefits for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)over open liver resection(OLR),but the underlying mechanisms are not *** study was to find out whether systemic inflammation plays an important ***:A total of 103 patients with early-stage HCC under liver resection were enrolled(LLR group,n=53;OLR group,n=50).The expression of 9 inflammatory cytokines in patients at preoperation,postoperative day 1(POD1)and POD7 was quantified by Luminex Multiplex *** relationships of the cytokines and the postoperative outcomes were compared between LLR and ***:seven of the circulating cytokines were found to be significantly upregulated on POD1 after LLR or OLR compared to their preoperative *** to OLR,the POD1 levels of granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CsF),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-8,and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)in the LLR group were significantly *** POD1 levels of these cytokines were significantly correlated with longer operative time and higher volume of blood loss during *** levels of these cytokines were positively associated with postoperative liver injury,and the length of hospital ***,a high level of IL-6 at POD1 was a risk factor for HCC recurrence and poor disease-free survival after liver ***:significantly lower level of GM-CsF,IL-6,IL-8,and MCP-1 after liver resection represented a milder systemic inflammation which might be an important mechanism to offer better short-term and long-term outcomes in LLR over OLR.

关键词： Laparoscopic liver resection Open liver resection Hepatocellular carcinoma Postoperative cytokines Inflammatory responses

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Compression of Battery x-Ray Tomography Data with Machine Learning

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第9期41卷 153-158页

作者： Zipei yan Qiyu Wang xiqian yu Jizhou Li Michael K.-P.ng Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Huairou Division Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China Center of Materials science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China CUHK shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057China Department of Mathematics Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina

With the increasing demand for high-resolution x-ray tomography in battery characterization,the challenges of storing,transmitting,and analyzing substantial imaging data necessitate more efficient *** data compression methods struggle to balance reduction ratio and image quality,often failing to preserve critical details for accurate *** study proposes a machine learning-assisted compression method tailored for battery x-ray imaging *** physics-informed representation learning,our approach significantly reduces file sizes without sacrificing meaningful *** validate the method on typical battery materials and different x-ray imaging techniques,demonstrating its effectiveness in preserving structural and chemical *** results show an up-to-95 compression ratio while maintaining high fidelity in the projection and reconstructed *** proposed framework provides a promising solution for managing large-scale battery x-ray imaging datasets,facilitating significant advancements in battery research and development.

关键词： battery Battery details

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