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Influences of Mo on Nitrate Reductase, Glutamine Synthetase and Nitrogen Accumulation and Utilization in Mo-Efficient and Mo-Inefficient Winter Wheat Cultivars

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第3期9卷 355-361页

作者： yu Min HU Cheng-xiao SUN xue-cheng WANG yun-hua Research Center of Trace Elements Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 P.R. China Department of Horticulture Foshan University Foshan 528000 P.R. China

The objective is to study whether the accumulation and utilization of plant N are controlled by Mo status in winter wheat cultivars. Mo-efficient cultivar 97003 （eft） and Mo-inefficient cultivar 97014 （ineff） were grown in severely Mo-deficient acidic soil （Tamm-reagent-extractable Mo 0.112 mg kg^-1） with （＋Mo） and without （-Mo） the application of 0.13 mg kg^-1 Mo. The accumulation and use efficiency of plant total N were significantly higher in ＋Mo than that in -Mo and in eft than that in ineff under Mo deficiency. N use efficiency was remarkably higher in maturity but it was forwarded to jointing stage after Mo supply, thus indicating that Mo supply promoted the N use efficiency besides N uptake and eff was efficient in N uptake and utilization. The overall activity of nitrate reductase （NR, EC 1.***.6.1） was significantly higher in ＋Mo than in -Mo and ratio of ＋Mo/-Mo was even to 14.8 at filleting stage for ineff. Activity of glutamine synthetase （GS, EC 6.***.1.2） was significantly lower in ＋Mo than in -Mo. Concentration of nitrate and glutamate were also significantly lower in ＋Mo than in -Mo, thus provided evidences for enhancing N use efficiency by Mo supply. Activities of NR and GS were significantly higher and concentrations of nitrate and glutamate were significantly lower in eff than ineff under Mo deficiency, thus indicated eff was more efficient in N reduction and utilization. It is therefore concluded that Mo could promote N accumulation and utilization in winter wheat which was directly related to NR and feedback regulated by GS. Higher Mo status also results in higher accumulation and utilization of plant N in eft.

关键词： winter wheat Mo N accumulation N use efficiency nitrate reductase glutamine synthetase

Experimental study on NO_(x)emission characteristics under oxy-fuel combustion

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Clean Energy 2023年第3期7卷 595-601页

作者： Haibo Wu Zhiyong An Kai Zhang yu Mao Zhimin Zheng Zhaohui Liu Tianjin Guoneng Panshan Power Generation Co. LtdTianjin301907China China Energy Investment Corporation Beijing100011China Dongfang Boiler(Group)Co. Ltd.Zigong643001China Anhui University of Technology MaanshanAnhui243099China Huazhong University of Science and Technology WuhanHubei430074China

This study focuses on the emission characteristics of NO_(x)under oxy-fuel combustion conditions.A comparative analysis with air combustion was ***_(x)emission,control measures and influence factors under different working conditions were *** were carried out on a 3-MWth test platform and a laboratory ***‘π’-type furnace was adopted,with the fur-nace width of 2.6 m,depth of 2.0 m and height of 10.5 m for the 3-MWth coal-fired ***_(x)emissions at different oxygen concen-trations and different air distribution were investigated;the effects of H2O and CO_(2)concentration on denitrification efficiency and SO_(2)/SO_(3)conversion rate were *** results suggest that,compared with air combustion,NO concentration(volume basis)at the furnace outlet under oxy-fuel combustion is higher than that of air combustion,but the amount of NO_(x)emissions in the discharged gas significantly decrease compared to the air combustion *** addition,the formation of NO_(x)can be effectively controlled through staged ***,the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)denitrification efficiency and the con-version rate of SO_(2)to SO_(3)decreases when the CO_(2)concentration and the H2O content increase,indicating that CO_(2)and H2O have an adverse effect on the performance of the ***,compared with CO_(2)concentration,H2O content has a greater effect on catalyst performance.

关键词： experimental research NO_(x) oxy-fuel combustion SO_(2)/SO_(3)

Antibacterial Effect of Cinnamon Oil Combined with Thyme or Clove Oil

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第9期10卷 1482-1487页

作者： LU Fei DING Yi-cheng YE xing-qian DING yu-ting College of Biological and Environmental Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P.R.China Department of Food Science and Nutrition Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 P.R.China

Antibacterial effect of cinnamon oil combined with thyme or clove oil was studied in this paper. Agar dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations （MICs） of the essential oils （EOs） of cinnamon, thyme, and clove oil against three Gram-positive bacteria （Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus）, and two Gramnegative bacteria （Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium）. The results showed that cinnamon was a promising antibacterial substance with MIC ranged from 0.1 to 0.4 μL mL^-1 for the five bacterial species. Agar dilution checkerboard method was used to test the combined antibacterial effect of cinnamon oil with thyme or clove oil. Combination of cinnamon and thyme oil showed an additive effect against all selected bacteria, and combination of cinnamon and clove oil displayed an additive effect against B. subtilis, B. cereus, S. aureus, and an indifferent effect against E. coli and S. typhimurium. Furthermore, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） measurement was used to analyze the components of the EOs, and the main components of cinnamon, thyme, and clove were cinnamaldehyde, thymol, carvacrol and p-cymene, and eugenol, respectively.

关键词： cinnamon oil antibacterial effect essential oils combination chemical components

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 2,3-Dihydroxymethyl-N-cyclohexylaziridine

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2005年第8期24卷 917-920页

作者： GUO Jin-Bo yu Zhao-Lian LI Sen-Lan CHEN Qing-Hua Department of Chemistry Luoyang Normal College ChinaLuoyang 470022

The title compound, 2（S）,3（R）-dihydroxymethyl-N-cyclohexylaziridine 1, has been synthesized via tandem Micheal addition and internal nucleophilic substitution reactions of 5-methoxy-3-bromo-2（5H）-furanones 2 with cyclohexylamine 3 and subsequent reduction of intermediate 5. Its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal x-ray diffraction. Crystal data：C10H19NO2, Mr = 185.26, monoclinic system, space group P21/n, a = 8.0620（16）, b = 7.2013（14）, c= 18.555（4） A°, β= 102.30（3）°, V= 1052.5（4）A°^3, Z= 4, De= 1.169 g/cm^3, λ（MoKα） = 0.071073 nm,μ = 0.080 mm^- 1 and F（000） = 408. The structure was refined to R = 0.0439 and wR = 0.1178 for 1839 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. The crystallographic structure of 1 shows that the functionalized aziridine ring links two hyroxymethyl groups.

关键词： 2 3-dihydroxymethyl-N-cyclohexylaziridine biologic active molecule x-ray crystallography

CROP-LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION FOR SUSTAINABLEAGRICULTURE IN CHINA:THE HISTORY OF STATE POLICY GOALS,REFORM OPPORTUNITIES AND INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第4期10卷 518-529页

作者： Danmeng FENG KouRay MAO yujie YANG yu HU Research Center for Rural Economy Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100810China. Department of Sociology Colorado State University-Fort CollinsFort CollinsColoradoUSA.

This paper examines the historical evolution of crop-livestock integration in China with a specific focus on its role in mitigating non-point source *** examination of existing literature has unearthed the roots of croplivestock integration dating back to the Western Zhou Dynasty(1046 to 771BCE), ultimately culminating in a multifaceted and intricately interwoven system of rural development policies seen in contemporary China. This paper identifies and characterizes four distinct stages in the historical trajectory of crop-livestock integration: the era of self-sufficient subsistence production in traditional times(1046 BCE to 1948);the period where crop-livestock integration emerged as a pivotal strategy for augmenting grain and meat production under collectivist policies(1949-1977);the phase marked by the industrialization and expansion of the livestock sector during the early years of economic reforms(1978-2011);and the present era in which crop-livestock integration is harnessed as a mechanism for pollution control and ecological preservation in contemporary China(2012 to present). This paper illuminates the diverse contributions of crop-livestock integration in different epochs of rural development within China, which contributes to a nuanced and more theoretically grounded comprehension of circular agriculture. This understanding has the potential to be leveraged to promote sustainable rural development in broader contexts.

关键词： crop-livestock integration non-point source pollution control nutrient cycling policy intervention sustainable development

Preparation of 3D ordered mesoporous anatase TiO2 and their photocatalytic activity

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Rare Metals 2019年第5期38卷 453-458页

作者： Hui-Li Tang yu Ren Shun-Hang Wei Gang Liu xiao-xiang xu Shanghai Research Institute of Materials Shanghai 200437China Clinical and Central Lab Putuo People's HospitalTongji University1291 Jiangning RoadShanghai 200060China Shanghai BDS Trading Consultancy Co.Ltd. Shanghai 200433China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability Department of ChemistryTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of ScienceShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China Department of Materials Engineering Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China

Ordered crystalline mesoporous anatase titanium dioxides with different amounts of rutile were prepared by hard-template approaches using mesoporous silica(KIT-6)as the *** resulting mesoporous materials were characterized by powder x-ray diffraction(PxRD),transmission electron microscope(TEM),N2 adsorption and Raman *** mesoporous TiO2 has three-dimensional(3D)ordered mesostructures with large Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET)surface area and narrow pore size distribution(ca.5 nm).It was found that the level of rutile phase in the mesoporous titanium oxide was related to the SO4^2-concentration in the starting *** photocatalytic hydrogen production was evaluated and *** is found that low rutile content is beneficial for a high catalytic *** samples demonstrate a better activity than commercial P25.

关键词： Mesoporous Anatase Rutile Photocatalysis Oxalic acid

Evolution of secondary phase particles during deformation of Al-5Ti-1B master alloy and their effect on α-Al grain refinement

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第12期34卷 2297-2306页

作者： Hong yu Ning Wang Renguo Guan Di Tie Zheng Li Yanan An Yang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern University.Shenyang 110819 China

Addition of Al-5Ti-1B alloy to molten aluminum alloys can refine α-Al grains effectively and thereby improve their strength and toughness. TiAl;and TiB;in Al-5Ti-1B alloy are the main secondary-phase particles for refinement, while the understanding on the effect of their sizes on α-Al grain refinement continues to be fragmented. Therefore, Al-5Ti-1B alloys with various sizes and morphologies of the secondary-phase particles were prepared by equal channel angular pressing（ECAP）. Evolution of the secondary-phase particles during ECAP process and their impact on α-Al grain refinement were studied by x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope（SEM）. Results show that during the ECAP process, micro-cracks firstly appeared inside TiAl;particles and then gradually expanded, which resulted in continuous refinement of TiAl;particles. In addition, micro-distribution uniformity of TiB;particles was improved due to the impingement of TiAl;particles to TiB;clusters during deformation. Excessively large sizes of TiAl;particles would reduce the number of effective heterogeneous nucleus and thus resulted in poor grain refinement effectiveness. Moreover, excessively small TiAl;particles would reduce inhibitory factors for grain growth Q and weaken grain refinement effectiveness. Therefore, an optimal size range of 18-22 μm for TiAl;particles was suggested.

关键词： Equal channel angular pressing process Secondary phases Refinement mechanism Grain refinement effect

Failure mechanism of bulk silicon anode electrodes for lithium-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2013年第3期32卷 299-304页

作者： Tao Li Juan-yu Yang Shi-Gang Lu Han Wang Hai-Yang Ding National Center of Analysis and Testing for Nonferrous Metals and Electronic Materials General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals R&D Center for Vehicle Battery and Energy Storage General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals

Silicon has been investigated extensively as a promising anode material for rechargeable lithium-ion bat- teries. Understanding the failure mechanism of silicon-based anode electrodes for lithium-ion batteries is essential to solve the problem of low coulombic efficiency and capacity fading on cycling and also to further commercialize this very new energetic material in cells. To reach this goal, the structure changes of bulk silicon particles and electrode after cycling were studied using ex-situ scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and x-ray diffraction （xRD） techniques. The SEM images indicated that the microstructural changes of the bulk silicon particles during cycling led to a layer rupture of the electrode and then the breakdown of the conductive network and the failure of the electrode. The result contributes to the basic understanding of the failure mechanism of a bulk sil- icon anode electrode for lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： Silicon Anode Lithium-ion battery Electrochemical properties

Reaction condition optimization and kinetic investigation of roasting zinc oxide ore using (NH_4)_2SO_4

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第10期23卷 1133-1140页

作者： Hong-mei Shao xiao-yi Shen Yi Sun Yan Liu yu-chun Zhai School of Metallurgy Northeastern University

An orthogonal test was used to optimize the reaction conditions of roasting zinc oxide ore using（NH_4）_2SO_4. The optimized reaction conditions are defined as an（NH_4）_2SO_4/zinc molar ratio of 1.4：1, a roasting temperature of 440°C, and a thermostatic time of 60 min. The molar ratio of（NH_4）_2SO_4/zinc is the most predominant factor and the roasting temperature is the second significant factor that governs the zinc extraction. Thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis was used for（NH_4）_2SO_4 and zinc mixed in a molar ratio of 1.4：1 at the heating rates of 5, 10, 15, and 20 K·min-1. Two strong endothermic peaks indicate that the complex chemical reactions occur at approximately 290°C and 400°C. xRD analysis was employed to examine the transformations of mineral phases during roasting process. Kinetic parameters, including reaction apparent activation energy, reaction order, and frequency factor, were calculated by the Doyle-Ozawa and Kissinger methods. Corresponding to the two endothermic peaks, the kinetic equations were obtained.

关键词： zinc ore treatment extractive metallurgy kinetic studies reaction mechanisms phase transformation reaction conditions