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STcF conceptual design report (Volume 1): Physics & detector

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第1期19卷 1-154页

作者： M.Achasov x.c.Ai L.P.An R.Aliberti Q.An x.z.bai y.bai O.bakina A.barnyakov V.blinov V.bobrovnikov D.bodrov A.bogomyagkov A.bondar I.boyko z.H.bu F.M.cai H.cai J.J.cao Q.H.cao x.cao z.cao Q.chang K.T.chao D.y.chen H.chen H.x.chen J.F.chen K.chen L.L.chen P.chen S.L.chen S.M.chen S.chen S.P.chen w.chen x.chen x.F.chen x.R.chen y.chen y.Q.chen H.y.cheng J.cheng S.cheng T.G.cheng J.P.Dai L.y.Dai x.c.Dai D.Dedovich A.Denig I.Denisenko J.M.Dias D.z.Ding L.y.Dong w.H.Dong V.Druzhinin D.S.Du y.J.Du z.G.Du L.M.Duan D.Epifanov y.L.Fan S.S.Fang z.J.Fang G.Fedotovich c.Q.Feng x.Feng y.T.Feng J.L.Fu J.Gao y.N.Gao P.S.Ge c.Q.Geng L.S.Geng A.Gilman L.Gong T.Gong b.Gou w.Gradl J.L.Gu A.Guevara L.c.Gui A.Q.Guo F.K.Guo J.c.Guo J.Guo y.P.Guo z.H.Guo A.Guskov K.L.Han L.Han M.Han x.Q.Hao J.b.He S.Q.He x.G.He y.L.He z.b.He z.x.Heng b.L.Hou T.J.Hou y.R.Hou c.y.Hu H.M.Hu K.Hu R.J.Hu w.H.Hu x.H.Hu y.c.Hu J.Hua G.S.Huang J.S.Huang M.Huang Q.y.Huang w.Q.Huang x.T.Huang x.J.Huang y.b.Huang y.S.Huang N.Hüsken V.Ivanov Q.P.Ji J.J.Jia S.Jia z.K.Jia H.b.Jiang J.Jiang S.z.Jiang J.b.Jiao z.Jiao H.J.Jing x.L.Kang x.S.Kang b.c.Ke M.Kenzie A.Khoukaz I.Koop E.Kravchenko A.Kuzmin y.Lei E.Levichev c.H.Li c.Li D.y.Li F.Li G.Li G.Li H.b.Li H.Li H.N.Li H.J.Li H.L.Li J.M.Li J.Li L.Li L.Li L.y.Li N.Li P.R.Li R.H.Li S.Li T.Li w.J.Li x.Li x.H.Li x.Q.Li x.H.Li y.Li y.y.Li z.J.Li H.Liang J.H.Liang y.T.Liang G.R.Liao L.z.Liao y.Liao c.x.Lin D.x.Lin x.S.Lin b.J.liu c.w.liu D.liu F.liu G.M.liu H.b.liu J.liu J.J.liu J.b.liu K.liu K.y.liu K.liu L.liu Q.liu S.b.liu T.liu x.liu y.w.liu y.liu y.L.liu z.Q.liu z.y.liu z.w.liu I.Logashenko y.Long c.G.Lu J.x.Lu N.Lu Q.F.Lü y.Lu y.Lu z.Lu P.Lukin F.J.Luo T.Luo x.F.Luo y.H.Luo H.J.Lyu x.R.Lyu J.P.Ma P.Ma y.Ma y.M.Ma F.Maas S.Malde D.Matvienko z.x.Meng R.Mitchell A.Nefediev y.Nefedov S.L.Olsen Q.Ouyang P.Pakhlov G.Pakhlova x.Pan y.Pan E.Passemar y.P.Pei H.P.Peng L.Peng x.y.Peng x.J.Peng K.Peters S.Pivovarov E.Pyata b.b.Qi y.Q.Qi w.b.Qian y.Qian c.F.Qiao J.J.Qin J.J.Qin L.Q.Qin x.S.Qin T.L.Qiu J.Rademacker c.F.Redmer H.y.Sang Anhui university Hefei 230039China beihang university Beijing 100191China budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk 630090Russia cAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJJ Thomson AveCambridge CB30HEUnited Kingdom central china Normal university Wuhan 430079China central south university Changsha 410083China china university of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China china university of Mining and technology Xuzhou 221116China École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL) LausanneSwitzerland Fudan university Shanghai 200433China Goethe university Frankfurt D-60325 Frankfurt am MainGermany Guangxi Normal university Guilin 541004China Guangxi Uninversity Nanning 530004China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCASHangzhou 310024China Hebei Normal university Shijiazhuang 050024China Hebei university Baoding 071002China Hefei university of technology Hefei 230601China Helmholtz Institute Mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany Henan Normal university Xinxiang 453007China Henan university Kaifeng 475004China High Energy Physics center Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Korea Higher School of Economy 11 Pokrovsky bulvar Moscow 109028Russia Huangshan university Huangshan 245000China Hubei university of Automotive technology Shiyan 442002China Hunan Normal university Changsha 410081China Hunan university of science and technology Xiangtan 411201China Hunan university Changsha 410082China Indiana university BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA Inner Mongolia university Hohhot 010021China Institute of Advanced science Facilities Shenzhen 518107China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Institute of Physics Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan 11529China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Jilin university Changch

The superτ-charm facility(STcF)is an electron–positron collider proposed by the chinese particle physics *** is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV with a peak luminosity of 0.5×10^(35) cm.(–2)·s^(–1) or *** STcF will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that of the presentτ-charm factory—the bEPcII,providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter(charge-parity violation),in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions,as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard *** STcF project in china is under development with an extensive R&D *** document presents the physics opportunities at the STcF,describes conceptual designs of the STcF detector system,and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics case studies.

关键词： electron–positron collider tau-charm region high luminosity STcF detector conceptual design

Properties improvement of SPEEK based proton exchange membranes by doping of ionic liquids and y2O3

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Progress in Natural science:materials International 2012年第1期22卷 26-30页

作者： Jianbin chen a,Qiang Guo a,Dan Li a,Juying Tong a,b,xia Li a a School of materials science and engineering,Shanghai university,Shanghai 201800,china b School of wenling,zhejiang TV university,wenling 317500,china School of materials science and engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 201800 China School of wenling Zhejiang TV University Wenling 317500 China

The membranes of sulfonated poly(etheretherketone) with 65% sulfonation degree were prepared by doping of y2O3 and ionic liquids,such as 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate(Eb) or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole methanesulfonate(bS),*** the properties,including conductivities,water uptake,thermal stability and mechanical properties,of pure SPEEK based proton exchange membrane and SPEEK based proton exchange membranes by doping of ionic liquids and y2O3 have been studied in the present *** experimental results showed that the conductivity of membranes increased with the temperature increased from 30 to 90 1c,except for that of pure SPEEK membrane increased with increasing temperature from 30 to 70 1c and decreased with increasing temperature from 70 to 90 *** conductivities of SPEEK/Eb/y2O3 and SPEEK/bS/y2O3 composite membranes at 90 1c were 9.04 10 2 S cm.1 and 1.18 10 1 S cm.1 at 100% relative humidity(RH) and 8.04 10 2 S cm.1 and 1.02 10 1 S cm.1 at 50%RH,*** has been also found that the water uptake and thermal stability of the membranes slightly improved by doping of ionic liquids and *** tensile stress at break at room temperature was 2.61 MPa and 2.33 MPa,for SPEEK/Eb/y2O3 and SPEEK/bS/y2O3,*** it may be considered that the modification with ionic liquids and y2O3 is a good potential method for improving the properties of SPEEK proton exchange membrane.

关键词： SPEEK Proton exchange membrane Ionic liquids conductivity

Mechanistic investigation on ce addition in tuning recrystallization behavior and mechanical property of Mg alloy

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Journal of materials science & technology 2023年第1期132卷 1-17页

作者： J.R.Li D.S.xie z.R.zeng b.Song H.b.xie R.S.Pei H.c.Pan y.P.Ren G.w.Qin Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of materials(Ministry of Education) College of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819China college of engineering and computer science Australian National UniversityACT 2601Australia School of materials and Energy Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Institute for Physical Metallurgy and materials Physics RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062Germany

constructing bimodal grain structure is a promising approach to achieve the high strength-ductility syn-ergy in Mg *** of bimodal grain is closely related to the dynamic and/or static recrystal-lization process,which has not been fully understood in the typical Mg-RE based *** this work,it is claimed for the first time that the minor ce addition(∼0.3 wt%)into Mg matrix significantly pro-motes the pyramidalc+a>and non-basaldislocations at the early stage of extrusion,which con-sequently enhances the formation of sub-grain boundaries via the movement and recovery of pyramidal II-typec+a>*** this stage,fine sub-grain lamellae are widely observed predominantly due to the low migration rate of sub-grain boundary caused by the limited mobility ofc+a>*** the later stage,the sub-grains continuously transform into dynamic recrystallized(DRxed)grains that have10¯10Taylor axis and also strong fiber texture,indicating substantial activation of pyramidal II-typec+a>*** low mobility ofc+a>dislocations,accompanied with the solute drag from grain boundary(Gb)segregation and pinning from nano-phases,cause a sluggish DRx process and thus a bimodal microstructure with ultra-fined DRxed grains,∼0.51μ*** resultant texture hardening and grain refinement hardening effects,originated from bimodal microstructure,result in a yield strength of∼352 MPa,which is exceptional in Mg-ce dilute *** work clarifies the critical role of ce addition in tuning recrystallization behavior and mechanical property of magnesium,and can also shed light on designing the other high-performance Mg alloys.

关键词： Mg alloys Recrystallization behavior mechanical property Pyramidal dislocation Thermal stability

Misorientation dependent thermal condition-solute field cooperative effect on competitive grain growth in the converging case during directional solidification of a nickel-base superalloy

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Journal of materials science & technology 2022年第1期96卷 151-159页

作者： x.b.Meng J.G.Li c.N.Jing J.D.liu S.y.Ma J.J.Liang c.w.zhang M.wang b.T.Tang T.Lin J.L.chen x.L.zhang Q.Li School of mechanical and Automotive engineering Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of materials science and engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250014China AEcc Shenyang Liming Aero-Engine co. LTD.Shenyang110043China college of Material science and engineering North Minzu UniversityYinchuan 750021China Faculty of electro-mechanical information Weifang University of Science and TechnologyShouguang262700China

Nowadays,thermal condition and solute field are considered as the potential dominant factors controlling competitive grain growth during directional solidification ***,the controlling modes and critical conditions of competitive grain growth have been drastically debated over the past two *** this work,thermal condition and solute field are combined to study the competitive grain growth in the converging case by experimental observation and numerical simulation of b.c.ystal *** find the competitive grain growth is controlled by the cooperative effect of thermal condition and solute field,and the controlling modes are related to the b.c.ystal misorientation between favorably and unfavorably oriented *** the unfavorably oriented grain is low misoriented,unfavorably oriented grain dominates grain selection,and the competitive grain growth performs as solute field ***,with the increase of unfavorably oriented grain’s misorientation,the grain selection converts into favorably oriented grain domination,and the competitive grain growth changes to thermal condition *** explain these abnormal transformation phenomena,we propose a misorientation dependent thermal condition-solute field cooperative domination model and identify the critical conditions by a critical misorientation(θ_(cm.).According to dynamic equation of dendrite growth,we calculate the critical misorientationθ;to prove this *** theoretical calculation results agree well with the experimental results.

关键词： competitive grain growth cooperative effect Thermal condition Solute field critical misorientation Unusual overgrowth Abnormal transformation

Tailoring grain growth and solid solution strengthening of single-phase crcoNi medium-entropy alloys by solute selection

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Journal of materials science & technology 2020年第19期54卷 196-205页

作者： G.w.Hu L.c.zeng H.Du x.w.liu y.wu P.Gong z.T.Fan Q.Hu E.P.George Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and control technology Ministry of EducationWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Hubei Key Laboratory of mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing engineering Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China State Key Laboratory of materials Processing and Die&Mould technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute of Applied Physics Jiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang 330029China Oak Ridge National Laboratory Materials Science and Technology DivisionOak RidgeTN37831USA Department of materials science and engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA

In the present study,we selected solutes to be added to the cr co Ni medium-entropy alloy(MEA)based on the mismatch of self-diffusion activation energy(SDQ)between the alloying elements and constituent elements of the matrix,and then investigated their grain growth behavior and mechanical *** and Al were selected as the solutes for investigation primarily b.c.use they have higher and lower SDQ,respectively,than those of the matrix elements;a secondary factor was their higher and lower shear *** concentrations were fixed at 3 at.%each b.c.use previous work had shown these compositions to be single-phase solid solutions with the face-centered cub.c.*** alloys were produced by arc melting,casting,homogenizing,cold rolling and annealing at various temperatures and times to produce samples with different grain *** were(a)the base alloy cr co Ni,(b)the base alloy plus 3 at.%Mo,and(c)the base alloy plus 3 at.%*** activation energies for grain growth of the cr co Ni,cr co Ni-3Mo and crco Ni-3Al MEAs were found to be^251,~368 and^219 k J/mol,respectively,consistent with the notion that elements with higher SDQ(in this study Mo)retard grain growth(likely by a solute-drag effect),whereas those with lower values(Al)accelerate grain *** roomtemperature tensile properties show that Mo increases the yield strength by^40%but Al addition has a smaller strengthening effect consistent with their relative shear *** yield strength as a function of grain size for the three single-phase MEAs follows the classical Hall-Petch relationship with much higher slopes(>600 MPaμm-0.5)than traditional solid *** work shows that the grain growth kinetics and solid solution strengthening of the cr co Ni MEA can be tuned by selecting solute elements that have appropriate diffusion and physical properties.

关键词： Medium and high entropy alloys Solute-drag effect Microstructure Grain growth kinetics Solid solution strengthening

A homologous strategy to parallelly construct doped MOFs-derived electrodes for flexible solid-state hybrid supercapacitors

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Nano Research 2023年第8期16卷 10890-10898页

作者： yi-Lin liu Ling wang Qingyi zeng Qi Kang cheng yan college of mechanical engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China School of materials science and engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China Department of Polymer science and engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal AgeingSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of chemistry Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydney 2006Australia

Developing efficient and cost-effective electrode materials is of essential significance to advance various energy storage technologies,among which flexible supercapacitors hold great promise to meet the growing popularity of wearable ***,we report a homologous strategy to parallelly synthesize phosphorus-doped znco_(2)O_(4)(P-znco_(2)O_(4)@Ncc)and nitrogen-doped carbon(Nc@Ncc)both derived from znco-metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)precursors in-situ grown on dopamine-modified carbon cloth(Ncc)as conductive ***,the as-obtained P-znco_(2)O_(4)@Ncc can achieve a high specific capacitance of 2702.2 mF∙cm.(−2)at 1 mA∙cm.(−2)with the capacitance retention rate exceeding 70.6%at 10 mA∙cm.(−2),demonstrating the outstanding rate ***,flexible solid-state hybrid supercapacitors,using P-znco_(2)O_(4)@Ncc as positive electrode and Nc@Ncc as negative electrode,are assembled with poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)/KOH as the gel electrolyte,which deliver the energy density of 11.9 mwh∙cm.(−3)when the power density reaches up to 47.3 mw∙cm.(−3).In addition,85.15%of the initial specific capacitance is maintained after 5000 continuous cycles and no obvious capacitance decay is observed under different bending conditions,revealing the excellent cycling stability and *** a proof-of-concept demonstration,two as-assembled hybrid supercapacitors connected in series can light up a red light-emitting diode(LED)under the bending angle of 180°,heralding the feasibility for broad practical applications.

关键词： homologous synthesis heteroatom-doping metal-organic frameworks energy storage flexible solid-state devices

Enhanced ferroelectric polarization with less wake-up effect and improved endurance of Hf_(0.5)zr_(0.5)O_(2)thin films by implementing w electrode

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Journal of materials science & technology 2022年第9期104卷 1-7页

作者： Dao wang yan zhang Jiali wang chunlai Luo Ming Li wentao Shuai Ruiqiang Tao zhen Fan Deyang chen Min zeng Jiyan y.Dai xubing b.Lu J-M.liu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum engineering and Quantum materials and Institute for Advanced materials South China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Innovation centre of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

This paper reports the improvement of electrical,ferroelectric and endurance of Hf_(0.5)zr_(0.5)O_(2)(HzO)thinfilm capacitors by implementing w *** w/HzO/w capacitor shows excellent pristine 2 P_(r)values of 45.1 gc/cm.(2)at±6 V,which are much higher than those of TiN/HzO/w(34.4μc/cm.(2))and w/HzO/TiN(26.9μc/cm.(2))***,the maximum initial 2 P_(r)value of w/HzO/w capacitor can reach as high as 57.9μc/cm.(2)at±7.5 *** strong ferroelectric polarization effects are ascribed to the w electrode with a fairly low thermal expansion coefficient which provides a larger in-plane tensile strain compared with TiN electrode,allowing for enhancement of o-phase ***,the w/HzO/w capacitor also exhibits higher endurance,smaller wake-up effect(10.1%)and superior fatigue properties up to 1.5×10^(10)cycles compared to the TiN/HzO/w and w/HzO/TiN *** improvements of w/HzO/w capacitor are mainly due to the decreased leakage current by more than an order of magnitude compared to the w/HzO/TiN *** results demonstrate that capping electrode material plays an important role in the enhancement of o-phase formation,reduces oxygen vacancies,mitigates wake-up effect and improves reliability.

关键词： Hf_(0.5)zr_(0.5)O_(2)films Ferroelectric polarization Endurance properties Thermal expansion coefficient w electrode

Stress-Induced Martensitic Transformation of zr_(50)cu_(25)Ni_(10)co_(15) Nanocrystals Embedded in an Amorphous Matrix

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Journal of materials science & technology 2017年第3期33卷 276-280页

作者： w.H.Gao x.y.yi x.L.Meng G.Song w.cai L.c.zhao School of materials science and engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Department of mechanical engineering University of Houston

The stress induced martensitic phase transformation of spherical zrcu nanocrystals embedded in an amorphous matrix.w.s studied in this paper. Microstructural observations revealed that the martensitic transformation of the nanocrystal was hindered by the surrounding amorphous coating. The existence of two-step transformation from the austenite phase（b2） to the base structure martensite（b19＇） and finally to the most stable superstructure martensite（cm. was also demonstrated. The cm.martensite with（021） type I twinning symmetrically accommodation was surrounded by the b19＇ martensite with dislocation morphologies.

关键词： Nanocrystals zrcu Martensitic phase transformation Shape memory Transmission electron microscopy

Enhancing strength-ductility synergy in a Mg-Gd-y-zr alloy at sub-zero temperatures via high dislocation density and shearable precipitates

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Journal of materials science & technology 2023年第35期166卷 123-132页

作者： xixi Qi yangxin Li xinyu xu yuxuan liu Huan zhang Qingchun zhu Gaoming zhu Jingya wang Mingxin Huang xiaoqin zeng National engineering Research center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix composite Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of mechanical engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

The strength-ductility trade-offdilemma is hard to be evaded in high-strength Mg alloys at sub-zero temperatures,especially in the Mg alloys containing a high volume fraction of *** this paper,we report an enhanced strength-ductility synergy at sub-zero temperatures in an aged Mg-7.37Gd-3.1y-0.27zr *** tensile stress-strain curves at room temperature(RT),−70℃ and−196℃ show that the strength increases monotonically with decreasing temperature,but the elongation increases first from RT to−70℃ then declines from−70℃ to−196℃.After systematic investigation of the microstructure evolutions at different deformation temperatures via synchrotron x-ray diffraction,electron b.c.scattered diffraction(EbSD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),it is found that a high dislocation density with sufficientc+a>dislocations promotes good tensile ductility at−70℃,which is attributed to the minimized critical resolved shear stress(cRSS)ratio of non-basalc+a>to basal*** ad-dition,more shearable precipitates can further improve the ductility via lengthening the mean free path of dislocation *** present work demonstrates that an excellent strength-ductility synergy at sub-zero temperatures can be achieved by introducing a high dislocation density and shearable precipitates in high-strength Mg alloys.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Strength-ductility synergy Dislocation density critical resolved shear stress Shearable precipitate