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Understanding the initial use stage of cement mortar lining in drinking water distribution systems:Silicon and aluminum as stability indicators

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 495-505页

作者： Qiaozhi liu Yuan Zhuang Guiwei li Yao Zhang Marc A.Edwards Baoyou shi Key laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA

The cement mortar lining(CMl)of commonly used ductile iron pipes can severely deteriorate the drinking water quality at the initial stage of use,but the behavioral characteristics of different elements release from the CMl in this stage is still *** this study,dynamic immersion experiments with new cement mortar lined ductile iron pipe reactors were conducted under different feed water hardness and alkalinity *** results showed that the release of alkaline substances from the CMl at the initial stage of use could strongly influence the pH of water,which consequently greatly impacted the release/precipitation behaviors of calcium,aluminum and *** pH and aluminum concentration of the effluent water could reach 11.5 and 700μg/l within 24 hr of hydraulic retention time,respectively,under conditions of relatively lower hardness and *** to the pH elevation,calcium carbonate precipitation could occur even at much lower feed water *** the aluminum and silicon could keep release from the CMl in soluble form at different hardness and alkalinity levels,and their release rate depended on the amount of calcium carbonate ***,aluminum and silicon were more suitable as indicators of the corrosion intensity at the initial stage of CMl use rather than the traditional calcium carbonate precipitation *** feed water hardness and alkalinity levels for mitigating the initial intense corrosion of CMl were proposed:hardness>40 mg/l(CaCO_(3)),alkalinity>100 mg/l(CaCO_(3)).

关键词： Cement mortar lining Hardness Alkalinity Elemental release Drinking water supply

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Role of adaptation measures in addressing heatwave exposure in China

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 148-157页

作者： Qin-Mei HAN Qing-Chen CHAO Shao SUN Pei-Jun shi National Climate Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China State Key laboratoryof Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 0o08lChina Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Heatwave exposure has increased dramatically because of climate warming and population growth,along with their interactive ***,effective adaptation measures can reduce these ***,the dynamic changes,regional inequality in adaptive capacity and their potential contributions to reducing exposure in the future remain *** study quantifies the impact of adaptive capacity and underscores regional variations in heatwave magnitudes,population exposure and adaptation levels in *** projected the future adaptive capacity using air-conditioner penetration,factoring in climate cooling requirements and individuals'purchasing *** population and gross domestic product(GDP)data from four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSP1,SSP2,SSP3 and SSP5)and daily temperature data from four SSP-based emission scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5),we estimated heatwave duration,population exposure and avoided impacts through adaptation across China and its *** show a substantial increase in heatwave duration in Southwest and Southern China,especially under the SSP5-8.5 scenario,with a projection of 163.2±36.7 d during *** the SSP3|SSP3-7.0 scenario,total exposure reaches 156.4±76.8 billion person d per year,which is the highest among all scenarios and 23 times greater than that in 1986-2005 without *** considering adaptation measures,a noteworthy reduction in population exposure is observed,especially in the SSP3|SSP3-7.0 and SSP5JSSP5-8.5 scenarios,with reductions of(62.6±3.9)%and(65.8±5.1)%,respectively,compared with the scenario without adaptation during *** regional disparities in avoided impacts are also evident,with variations of up to 50%across different *** implementation of effective and environmentally friendly adaptation measures can notably address climate change,thereby alleviating the profound threats posed to human well-being.

关键词： Heatwaves Population exposure Adaptation Future projection China

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Two-dimensional C_(2)N-based single-atom catalyst with complex microenvironment for enhanced electrochemical nitrogen reduction:A descriptor-based design

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 110-119,I0003页

作者： Enduo Dai Wei An Ruixian Guo xugen shi Yunyi li Yibo Wang Mingming liu College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering.Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai 201620China

The catalytic descriptor with operational feasibility is highly desired towards rational design of high-performance catalyst especially the electrode/electrolyte solution interface working under mild ***,we demonstrate that the descriptorΩparameterized by readily accessible intrinsic properties of metal center and coordination is highly operational and efficient in rational design of single-atom catalyst(SAC)for driving electrochemical nitrogen reduction(NRR).Using twodimensional metal(M)-B_(x)P_(y)S_(z)N_m@C_(2)N as prototype SAC models,we reveal that^(*)N_(2)+(H~++e~-)→^(*)N_(2)H acts predominantly as the potential-limiting step(PlS)of NRR on M-B_(2)P_(2)S_(2)@C_(2)N and M-B_(1)P_(1)S_(1)N_(3)@C_(2)N regardless of the distinction in coordination *** the 28 screened M active sites,withΩvalues close to the optimal 4,M-B_(2)P_(2)S_(2)@C_(2)N(M=V(Ω=3.53),Mo(Ω=5.12),and W(Ω=3.92))and M-B_(1)P_(1)S_(1)N_(3)@C_(2)N(M=V(Ω=3.00),Mo(Ω=4.34),and W(Ω=3.32))yield the lowered limiting potential(U_(l))as-0.45,-0.54.-0.36,-0.58,-0.25,and-0.24 V,respectively,thus making them the promising NRR *** importantly,these SACs are located around the top of volcano-shape plot of U_(l) versusΩ,re-validatingΩas an effective descriptor for accurately predicting the high-activity NRR SACs even with complex *** study unravels the relationship between active-site structure and NRR performance via the descriptorΩ,which can be applied to other important sustainable electrocatalytic reactions involving activation of small molecules viaσ-donation andπ^(*)-backdonation mechanism.

关键词： Electrocatalysis N_(2) reduction Single-atom catalyst Descriptor DFT

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Solvent extraction of scandium from leaching solution of red mud roasted with ammonium sulfate using D2EHPA/TBP

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1943-1949页

作者： Fucheng li xinsheng li lei shi xiang li Duoqiang liang Yuezhou Wei Toyohisa Fujita School of Resources Environment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China State Key laboratory of Featured Metal Materiais and life-for Composite Structures Guangxi UniversityNanning530004China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of South ChinaHengyang421001China

Red mud is an important secondary resource for scandium *** red mud leaching solution containing scandium in this study was derived from environmentally friendly ammonium sulfate roasting and water leaching process.A synergistic extraction with a mixture of di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate acid(D2EHPA)and tributyl phosphate(TBP)for recovery of scandium from red mud leaching solution is *** effects of D2EHPA concentration,H_(2)SO_(4)concentration,rare earth elements,dosage of TBP,phase ratio(A/O),contact time and H_(2)O_(2)concentration on scandium extraction were *** results show that more than 99%scandium is extracted under the optimal conditions while Fe,Al,Ti,Ca and rare earth elements(Ce,Y,la,Nd,Er,etc.)are hardly *** stripping efficiency of Sc reaches above 92.37%under the optimal stripping conditions of 5 mol/l NaOH with an A/O of 1 at 90℃for 30 *** proposed technology could provide an effective method for extraction of scandium from red mud leaching solution.

关键词： Scandium Red mud leaching solution D2EHPA/TBP Solvent extraction Rare earths

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Dynamically updated digital twin for prognostics and health management:Application in permanent magnet synchronous motor

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 244-261页

作者： Haoyu GUO Shaoping WANG Jian shi Tengfei MA Giorgio GUGlIERI Rujun JIA Fausto lIZZIO School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Tianmushan laboratory Hangzhou 310023China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Polytechnic University of TurinTurin 10129Italy Beihang Ningbo Research Institute Ningbo 315800China

Current research on Digital Twin(DT)based Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)focuses on establishment of DT through integration of real-time data from various sources to facilitate comprehensive product monitoring and health ***,there still exist gaps in the seamless integration of DT and PHM,as well as in the development of DT multi-field coupling modeling and its dynamic update *** the product experiences long-period degradation under load spectrum,it is challenging to describe the dynamic evolution of the health status and degradation progression *** addition,DT update algorithms are difficult to be integrated simultaneously by current *** paper proposes an innovative dual loop DT based PHM framework,in which the first loop establishes the basic dynamic DT with multi-filed coupling,and the second loop implements the PHM and the abnormal detection to provide the interaction between the dual loops through updating *** proposed method pays attention to the internal state changes with degradation and interactive mapping with dynamic parameter ***,the Independence Principle for the abnormal detection is proposed to refine the theory of *** at the first loop focus on accurate modeling of multi-field coupling,while the events at the second loop focus on real-time occurrence of anomalies and the product degradation *** interaction and collaboration between different loop models are also ***,the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor(PMSM)is used to verify the proposed *** results show that the modeling method proposed can accurately track the lifecycle performance changes of the entity and carry out remaining life prediction and health management effectively.

关键词： Digital Twin(DT) Dynamic Update Independence Principle Multi-field Coupling Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor(PMSM) Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)

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Machine-learning-Assisted Design of Deep Eutectic Solvents Based on Uncovered Hydrogen Bond Patterns

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 74-83页

作者： Usman l.Abbas Yuxuan Zhang Joseph Tapia Selim Md Jin Chen Jian shi Qing Shao Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Institute for Biomedical Informatics Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA

Non-ionic deep eutectic solvents(DESs)are non-ionic designer solvents with various applications in catalysis,extraction,carbon capture,and ***,discovering new DES candidates is challenging due to a lack of efficient tools that accurately predict DES *** search for DES relies heavily on intuition or trial-and-error processes,leading to low success rates or missed *** that hydrogen bonds(HBs)play a central role in DES formation,we aim to identify HB features that distinguish DES from non-DES systems and use them to develop machine learning(Ml)models to discover new DES *** first analyze the HB properties of 38 known DES and 111 known non-DES systems using their molecular dynamics(MD)simulation *** analysis reveals that DES systems have two unique features compared to non-DES systems:The DESs have①more imbalance between the numbers of the two intra-component HBs and②more and stronger inter-component *** on these results,we develop 30 Ml models using ten algorithms and three types of HB-based *** model performance is first benchmarked using the average and minimal receiver operating characteristic(ROC)-area under the curve(AUC)*** also analyze the importance of individual features in the models,and the results are consistent with the simulation-based statistical ***,we validate the models using the experimental data of 34 *** extra trees forest model outperforms the other models in the validation,with an ROC-AUC of *** work illustrates the importance of HBs in DES formation and shows the potential of Ml in discovering new DESs.

关键词： Machine learning Deep eutectic solvents Molecular dynamics simulations Hydrogen bond Molecular design

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Recent development of aspiration pump in the aspiration thrombectomy system

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Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices 2024年第2期22卷 1-8页

作者： Chen Wei Jing Dong Hongyi Yang Jinghong shi Huihui Fang Yangjie Zuo Yubing shi The Second Clinical College of Medicine Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangShaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Cardiology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangShaanxi ProvinceChina Institute of Integrative Medicine Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangShaanxi ProvinceChina School of Medical Technology Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangShaanxi ProvinceChina School of Engineering Staffordshire UniversityStoke-on-TrentStaffordshireUK

Vascular embolic diseases are associated with blockage of blood supply to vital organs and thus are *** thrombectomy is becoming the primary choice for revascularization in the treatment of vascular occlusions *** the power source in the aspiration thrombectomy procedure,the aspiration pump directly influences the outcome of the *** research surveyed the current technical developments of the aspiration pump in China through reviewing information obtained from the patent database and technical literatures,commented on the issues in the current patent designs,and gave suggestions for future design *** study can be used as a reference for researchers and developers of medical devices besides the neurosurgeons.

关键词： Aspiration pump Thrombus Thrombectomy Vascular embolic diseases Aspiration thrombectomy

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Hypoxia activates autophagy by Akt/FoxO1 pathway in fish cells

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第4期9卷 557-565页

作者： Kang Chen linlin shi Hong liu Huanling Wang Key lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal GeneticsBreeding and ReproductionMinistry of EducationCollege of FisheriesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt Ministry of EducationWuhan430070China

Hypoxia,a common environmental condition,can affect cell survival and physiological function by triggering oxidative ***/FoxO pathway has been proven to play a non-negligible role in the regulation of ***,the role of Akt/FoxO pathway in hypoxia-induced autophagy is unclear in ***,in this study,grass carp hepatocyte cells(l8824)were treated by CoCl2 to simulate hypoxia,and the results showed that CoCl2 can increase the expression of Hif-1αprotein at different concentrations or different treatment *** study found that hypoxia increased intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)level,and the expression of autophagy-related genes(lC3-II,pink1,beclin-1 and p62)and foxO1a/*** mitochondrial membrane potential(Δψm)was also depolarized,and autophagosomes were intriguingly detected by transmission electron microscope(TEM)after the treatment of ***,hypoxia inhibited Akt phosphorylation,while PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor,lY294002 significantly up-regulated the expression of foxO1a/1b and autophagy-related ***,silencing foxo1b also resulted in down-regulation of autophagy-related *** was demonstrated that hypoxia induced autophagy via Akt/FoxO1 *** results will provide a new light on further understanding the role of Akt/FoxO pathway in the response to hypoxia in fish.

关键词： Hypoxia Autophagy Fish cells Akt FoxO

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Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated gastritis:Patterns and management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 1941-1948页

作者： Jing lin Zhong-Qiao lin shi-Cheng Zheng Yu Chen Department of Medical Oncology Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Cancer HospitalFuzhou 350000Fujian ProvinceChina Phase I Clinical Trial Ward Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Cancer HospitalFuzhou 350000Fujian ProvinceChina School of Basic Medical Sciences Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350000Fujian ProvinceChina

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are widely used due to their effectiveness in treating various ***-related adverse events(irAEs)are defined as adverse effects resulting from ICI *** irAEs are a common type of irAEs characterized by intestinal side effects,such as diarrhea and colitis,which may lead to the cessation of *** irAE gastritis is rarely reported,it may lead to serious complications such as ***,irAE gastritis is often difficult to identify early due to its diverse *** steroid hormones and immunosuppressants are commonly used to reverse irAEs,the best regimen and dosage for irAE gastritis remains *** addition,the risk of recurrence of irAE gastritis after the reuse of ICIs should be *** this editorial,strategies such as early identification,pathological diagnosis,mana-gement interventions,and immunotherapy rechallenge are discussed to enable clinicians to better manage irAE gastritis and improve the prognosis of these patients.

关键词： Immunotherapy Immune checkpoint inhibitor Immune-related adverse events Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related gastritis

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ShCTR1 Interacts with ShRBOH1 to Positively Regulate Aerenchyma Formation in Saussurea inversa through ROS Mediation

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第5期93卷 1023-1042页

作者： Wubin Dai xiuting Ju Guomin shi Jialei Guo Tao He School of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Qinghai UniversityXining810016China Key laboratory of landscape Plants of Qinghai Province Qinghai UniversityXining810016China School of Ecol-Environmental Engineering Qinghai UniversityXining810016China State Key laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture Qinghai UniversityXining810016China

Saussurea inversa is one of the Tibetan medicine with developed *** this study,we investigated the function of the ShCTR1 gene related to the formation of *** study of the occurrence and formation of aerenchyma in *** has certain theoretical significance in revealing the special mechanism of alpine plants adapting to the *** results of yeast two-hybrid experiments showed that *** ShCTR1 interacted with the ShRBOH1,which is a key producer of reactive oxygen species(ROS),and it was hypothesized that ShCTR1 regulation of aerenchyma formation in *** mainly mediated by *** induction and inhibition experiments were carried out on *** seedlings,it was shown that ROS inducer(AT)and Ethene(ETH)induced the formation of aerenchyma in *** well in roots,stems,and leaves,and Ethylene inhibitor(1-MCP)and ROS inhibitor DPI(diphenylene iodonium)inhibited the formation of aerenchyma of *** in different degrees,which proved that ROS and ethylene(ET)were positively correlated with the formation of ***,AT and ETH well induced the expression of the ShCTR1 gene,and 1-MCP and DPI inhibited the expression of the ShCTR1 gene to different degrees,which proved that ROS and ET were also positively correlated with the expression of the ShCTR1 ***1 was transferred into tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum l.),then repeat the above *** was shown that positive rate and porosity were lowest and highest after DPI and AT treatments,respectively,it showed a positive correlation,which proved that the ShCTR1 gene was positively regulating the formation of *** of the ShCTR1 gene increased the content of ROS,consequently,the regulation of aerenchyma formation by the ShCTR1 gene is mainly mediated by *** suggested that the formation of aerenchyma in *** was related to hypoxia in the alpine environment,and ShCTR1 interacts with ShRBOH1 to positively regulate the formation of a

关键词： Saussurea inversa aerenchyma ROS gene function

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