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Need for operational simplicity and timely disbursal of benefits—a qualitative exploration of the implementation of a direct benefit transfer scheme for persons with tuberculosis in India

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第3期13卷 58-72页

作者： Malu Mohan Jeromie W.V.Thangaraj Sumit Pandey G.Sri Lakshmi Priya Sivavallinathan Arunachalam Rahul Sharma Hemant Deepak Shewade b.Aishwarya K.Afeeq Afsana Khatoon b.Gokulvijay Gude Sireesha Kavita chandra S.Nandhakumar Prince Samuel c.Nanditha Viswanathan Devika Shanmugasundaram Raghuram Rao Manoj V.Murhekar Kathiresan Jeyashree Indian council of Medical Research-National Institute of Epidemiology R-127TNHBAyapakkamChennaiTamil Nadu 600077India Tb Support Network WHO Country Office for IndiaNew DelhiIndia central Tuberculosis Division Government of IndiaNew DelhiIndia

background Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana(NPY)is a direct benefit transfer scheme of the Government of India introduced in 2018 to support the additional nutritional requirements of persons with Tb(PwTb).Our recent nationwide evaluation of implementation and utilization of NPY using programmatic data of PwTb from nine randomly selected Indian states,reported a 70%coverage and high median delay in benefit *** undertook a qualitative study between January and July 2023,to understand the detailed implementation process of NPY and explore the enablers and barriers to effective implementation and utilization of the NPY *** We followed a grounded theory approach to inductively develop theoretical explanations for social phenomena through data generated from multiple *** conducted 36 in-depth interviews of national,district and field-level staff of the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme(NTEP)and NPY beneficiaries from 30 districts across nine states of India,selected using theoretical *** analytical framework developed through inductive coding of a set of six interviews,guided the coding of the subsequent *** and themes emerged through constant comparison and the data collection continued until theoretical *** Stakeholders perceived NPY as a beneficial *** political commitment from the state administration,mainstreaming of NTEP work with the district public healthcare delivery system,availability of good geographic and internet connectivity and state-specific grievance redressal mechanisms and innovations were identified as enablers of ***,the complex,multi-level benefit approval process,difficulties in accessing banking services,perceived inadequacy of benefits and overworked human resources in the NTEP were identified as barriers to implementation and *** The optimal utilization of NPY is enabled by strong political commitment and challenged by its length

关键词： National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme Nutritional status Direct benefit transfer Implementation cash transfer scheme Grounded theory India

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环保绝缘介质c_(6)F_(12)O混合气体FTIR检测技术研究

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高压电器 2024年第9期60卷 126-134页

作者： KWAME b b 王毅田双双张晓星黄佳辰邹怡湖北工业大学新能源及电网装备安全监测湖北省工程研究中心武汉430068 国网上海嘉定供电公司上海201800 国网荆州供电公司湖北荆州434000

环保绝缘介质c_(6)F_(12)O混合气体具有应用于中低压设备的潜力,因此c_(6)F_(12)O混合气体检测技术的研究具有非常重要的现实意义。文中基于红外吸收光谱提出了c_(6)F_(12)O混合气体定性定量检测技术。基于密度泛函理论,对c_(6)F_(12)O... 详细信息

环保绝缘介质c_(6)F_(12)O混合气体具有应用于中低压设备的潜力,因此c_(6)F_(12)O混合气体检测技术的研究具有非常重要的现实意义。文中基于红外吸收光谱提出了c_(6)F_(12)O混合气体定性定量检测技术。基于密度泛函理论,对c_(6)F_(12)O分子进行结构优化,仿真计算其振动频谱,与实验检测红外光谱进行对比。对体积分数标定模型的波段和特征量的选取进行了详细的研究,提出c_(6)F_(12)O混合气体相关绝缘设备的混合比和微量体积分数检测方案。结果表明,红外光谱的仿真结果与实验结果具有较好的一致性;不同体积分数的吸收峰有很好的线性关系,利用峰值作为特征值比峰面积建立的体积分数标定模型准确性和稳定性强。混合比检测时,以3 500~3 567 cm^(-1)波段的峰值作特征量建立模型的拟合度为0.999 57,检测误差在2%以内;微量检测时,以1 750~1 820 cm^(-1)波段的峰值作特征量建立模型的拟合度高达0.999 97,检测误差小于3.8%,建立的体积分数标定模型的稳定性、准确性较好。文中研究结果提供实验和仿真的c_(6)F_(12)O红外光谱信息,为c_(6)F_(12)O型气体绝缘设备提供FTIR检测技术,为c_(6)F_(12)O混合气体绝缘设备的混合比和微量体积分数检测提供了重要的理论支撑。

关键词： c_(6)F_(12)O混合气体红外光谱 FTIR 混合比检测微量检测

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Long-term trends in the abundance and breeding performance in Adélie penguins:the Argentine Ecosystem Monitoring Program

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第1期35卷 132-140页

作者： Mariana A.JUÁRES AnahíM.SILVESTRO brenda c.ALFONSO M.Mercedes SANTOS Departamento biología de Predadores Tope Instituto Antártico Argentino(IAA)Buenos Aires B1650CSPArgentina consejo Nacional de Investigaciones científicas y Técnicas(cONIcET) Buenos Aires C1425FQBArgentina Laboratorios Anexos Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y MuseoUniversidad Nacional de La PlataLa Plata B1904AMAArgentina INEDES(cONIcET-UNLu) Buenos Aires C1425FQBArgentina Facultad de ciencias Naturales y Museo Universidad Nacional de La PlataLa Plata B1900FWAArgentina Instituto Antártico Argentino(IAA) Buenos Aires B1650CSPArgentina

In this work,we report long-term trends in the abundance and breeding performance of Adélie penguins(Pygoscelis adeliae)nesting in three Antarctic colonies(i.e.,at Martin Point,South Orkneys Islands;Stranger Point/c.b. Funes,South Shetland Islands;and Esperanza/Hope bay in the Antarctic Peninsula)from 1995/96 to 2022/*** yearly count data of breeding groups selected,we observed a decline in the number of breeding pairs and chicks in crèche at all colonies ***,the magnitude of change was higher at Stranger Point than that in the remaining ***,the index of breeding success,which was calculated as the ratio of chicks in crèche to breeding pairs,exhibited no apparent trend throughout the study ***,it displayed greater variability at Martin Point compared to the other two colonies under *** the number of chicks in crèche of Adélie penguins showed a declining pattern,the average breeding performance was similar to that reported in gentoo penguin colonies,specifically,those undergoing a population increase(even in sympatric colonies facing similar local conditions).consequently,it is plausible to assume a reduction of the over-winter survival as a likely cause of the declining trend observed,at least in the Stranger Point and Esperanza ***,we cannot rule out local effects during the breeding season affecting the Adélie population of Martin Point.

关键词： long-term monitoring Adélie penguin breeding pairs chicks crèched breeding success population trends

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轻质耐火材料第1版

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1957年

作者： c.b.格列包夫教授

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过敏性紫癜致心脏损害累及传导系统死亡1例

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法医学杂志 2024年第1期40卷 80-82页

作者：杜琳郭兵兵叶才极陶欢杨小凤龚道银四川基因格司法鉴定中心四川成都610000 成都中医药大学附属医院病理科四川成都610037

1案例1.1简要案情及病史摘要某女,25岁,某日被发现死于出租屋客厅中。经调查其于16岁左右被诊断为过敏性紫癜,药物治疗1年好转,后间断发作。1.2尸体检验死后3 d进行尸体检验。尸表检查:左侧上下睑结膜均见点状出血、内眦灶状出血。左大... 详细信息

1案例1.1简要案情及病史摘要某女,25岁,某日被发现死于出租屋客厅中。经调查其于16岁左右被诊断为过敏性紫癜,药物治疗1年好转,后间断发作。1.2尸体检验死后3 d进行尸体检验。尸表检查:左侧上下睑结膜均见点状出血、内眦灶状出血。左大腿中段后侧见1.3 cm×1.0 cm类圆形皮下出血,中间呈暗红色、边缘色浅;左小腿见3.2 cm×3.0 cm、1.0 cm×1.0 cm类圆形皮下出血,左踝见2.0 cm×1.4 cm、1.2 cm×1.0 cm点片状皮下出血,左足背见1.5 cm×1.0 cm皮下出血。右小腿见1.0 cm×0.7 cm点片状皮下出血,右足背见2.5 cm×1.6 cm片状皮下出血。

关键词：法医病理学过敏性紫癜心脏损害传导系统出血

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Field topologies in ideal and near-ideal magnetohydrodynamics and vortex dynamics

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2015年第1期58卷 12-31页

作者： LOW b.c. High Altitude Observatory National Center for Atmospheric Research

Magnetic field topology frozen in ideal magnetohydrodynamics （MHD） and its breakage in near-ideal MHD are reviewed in two parts, clarifying and expanding basic concepts. The first part gives a physically complete description of the frozen field topology derived from magnetic flux conservation as the fundamental property, treating four conceptually related topics： Eulerian and La- grangian descriptions of three dimensional （3D） MHD, chandrasekhar-Kendall and Euler-potential field representations, magnetic helicity, and inviscid vortex dynamics as a fluid system in physical contrast to ideal MHD. A corollary of these developments clar- ifies the challenge of achieving a high degree of the frozen-in condition in numerical MHD. The second part treats field-topology breakage centered around the Parker Magnetostatic Theorem on a general incompatibility of a continuous magnetic field with the dual demand of force-free equilibrium and an arbitrarily prescribed, 3D field topology. Preserving field topology as a global con- straint readily results in formation of tangential magnetic discontinuities, or, equivalently, electric current-sheets of zero thickness. A similar incompatibility is present in the steady force-thermal balance of a heated radiating fluid subject to an anisotropic thermal flux conducted strictly along its frozen-in magnetic field in the low-fl limit. In a weakly resistive fluid the thinning of current sheets by these general incompatibilities inevitably results field notwithstanding the small resistivity. Strong Faraday in sheet dissipation, resistive heating and topological changes in the induction drives but also macroscopically limits this mode of energy dissipation, trapping or storing free energy in self-organized ideal-MHD structures. This property of MHD turbulence captured by the Taylor hypothesis is reviewed in relation to the Sun＇s corona, calling for a basic quantitative description of the breakdown of flux conservation in the low-resistivity li

关键词： magnetic topology magnetic reconnection current sheets magnetic helicity thermal conduction solar corona magnetohy-drodynamics interstellar clouds

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biofabrication of nanocomposite-based scaffolds containing human bone extracellularmatrix for the differentiation of skeletal stem and progenitor cells

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bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第2期7卷 121-136页

作者： Yang-Hee Kim Janos M.Kanczler Stuart Lanham Andrew Rawlings Marta Roldo Gianluca Tozzi Jonathan I.Dawson Gianluca cidonio Richard O.c.Oreffo Faculty of Medicine Bone and Joint Research GroupCentre for Human DevelopmentStem Cells and RegenerationInstitute of Developmental SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK School of Pharmacy and biomedical Science University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12DTUK School of Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversity of GreenwichGreenwich ME44TBUK center for Life Nano-and Neuro-Science(cLN2S) Italian Institute of Technology00161 RomeItaly

Autograft or metal implants are routinely used in skeletal ***,they fail to provide long-term clinical resolution,necessitating a functional biomimetic tissue engineering *** use of native human bone tissue for synthesizing a biomimeticmaterial inkfor three-dimensional(3D)bioprintingof skeletal tissueis anattractivestrategyfor ***,human bone extracellular matrix(bone-EcM)offers an exciting potential for the development of an appropriate microenvironment for human bone marrow stromal cells(HbMScs)to proliferate and differentiate along the osteogenic *** this study,we engineered a novel material ink(LAb)by blending human bone-EcM(b)with nanoclay(L,Laponite®)and alginate(A)polymers using extrusion-based *** inclusion of the nanoﬁller and polymeric material increased the rheology,printability,and drug retention properties and,critically,the preservation of HbMScs viability upon *** composite of human bone-EcM-based 3D constructs containing vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)enhanced vascularization after implantation in an ex vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane(cAM)*** inclusion of bone morphogenetic protein-2(bMP-2)with the HbMScs further enhanced vascularization and mineralization after only seven *** study demonstrates the synergistic combination of nanoclay with biomimetic materials(alginate and bone-EcM)to support the formation of osteogenic tissue both in vitro and ex vivo and offers a promising novel 3D bioprinting approach to personalized skeletal tissue repair.

关键词： Extracellular matrix Nanoclay bone 3D bioprinting

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Surface-modified Ag@Ru-P25 for photocatalytic cO_(2) conversion with high selectivity over cH_(4) formation at the solid–gas interface

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carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 182-196页

作者： chaitanya b.Hiragond Sohag biswas Niket SPowar Junho Lee Eunhee Gong Hwapyong Kim Hong Soo Kim Jin-Woo Jung chang-Hee cho bryan M.Wong Su-Il In Department of Energy Science&Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea Department of chemical&Environmental Engineering Materials Science&Engineering ProgramDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of California-RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA Department of Physics and chemistry Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea NiceScience corporation DaeguRepublic of Korea

Systematic optimization of the photocatalyst and investigation of the role of each component is important to maximizing catalytic activity and comprehending the photocatalytic conversion of cO_(2) reduction to solar fuels.A surface-modified Ag@Ru-P25 photocatalyst with H_(2)O_(2) treatment was designed in this study to convert cO_(2) and H_(2)O vapor into highly selective *** doping followed by Ag nanoparticles(NPs)cocatalyst deposition on P25(TiO_(2))enhances visible light absorption and charge separation,whereas H_(2)O_(2) treatment modifies the surface of the photocatalyst with hydroxyl(–OH)groups and promotes cO_(2) ***-resonance transmission electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray absorption near-edge structure,and extended X-ray absorption fine structure techniques were used to analyze the surface and chemical composition of the photocatalyst,while thermogravimetric analysis,cO_(2) adsorption isotherm,and temperature programmed desorption study were performed to examine the significance of H_(2)O_(2) treatment in increasing cO_(2) reduction *** optimized Ag1.0@Ru1.0-P25 photocatalyst performed excellent cO_(2) reduction activity into cO,cH4,and c2H6 with a~95%selectivity of cH4,where the activity was~135 times higher than that of pristine TiO_(2)(P25).For the first time,this work explored the effect of H_(2)O_(2) treatment on the photocatalyst that dramatically increases cO_(2) reduction activity.

关键词： gas-phase cO_(2) reduction H_(2)O_(2) treatment plasmonic nanoparticles solar fuel photocatalyst surface modification

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当前的民族过程——关于苏联新宪法的讨论

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世界民族 1991年第6期 67-71页

作者： Ю.В.布朗利 c.b.切什科白萍

一、概况由于意识形态、政治和社会-经济的严重扭曲而产生的苏联社会的危机,使苏联各民族的民族发展、族际关系的状态遭受了严重的损失。这同样也在加深危机,阻障社会的进步改革,产生离心的和分解的倾向,这些倾向威胁着苏联作为一个主... 详细信息

一、概况由于意识形态、政治和社会-经济的严重扭曲而产生的苏联社会的危机,使苏联各民族的民族发展、族际关系的状态遭受了严重的损失。这同样也在加深危机,阻障社会的进步改革,产生离心的和分解的倾向,这些倾向威胁着苏联作为一个主权国家的完整甚至于生存。在斯大林主义时期及稍后,曾允许直接侵犯各民族的权利,各加盟共和国的少数民族受害尤甚。最终,苏联的民族国家制度本身不仅没有保证各民族的平等权利,而且在很大程度上阻碍了它的保证作用。

关键词：各民族族际关系土著民族苏联宪法国家制度民族过程民族发展民族集团少数民族民族主义

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Triple the steady-state reaction rate by decorating the In_(2)O_(3)surface with SiO_(x)for cO_(2)hydrogenation

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 96-105,I0003页

作者： Hao Wang chun Yang Xiaoyan Yu Mingrui Wang Runze Yang Xiaowa Nie ben Hang Yin Alex c.K.Yip chunshan Song Guanghui Zhang Xinwen Guo State Key Laboratory of Fine chemicals Frontier Science Center for Smart MaterialsPSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy ResearchSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024LiaoningChina Department of chemistry the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Paihau-Robinson Research Institute the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyVictoria University of WellingtonWellington 6012New Zealand Department of chemical and Process Engineering The University of CanterburyChristchurch 8041New Zealand

Indium oxide(In_(2)O_(3)),as a promising candidate for cO_(2)hydrogenation to c_(1) products,often suffers from sintering and activity decline,closely related to the undesirable structural evolution under reaction *** on the comprehension of the dynamic evolution,this study presents an efficient strategy to alleviate the agglomeration of In_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles by the surface decoration with highly dispersed silica species(SiO_(x)).Various structural characterizations combined with density functional theory calculations demonstrated that the sintering resulted from the over-reduction,while the enhanced stability originated from the anchoring effect of highly stable In-OSi bonds,which hinders the substantial formation of metallic In(In^(0))and the subsequent agglomeration.0.6Si/In_(2)O_(3)exhibited cO_(2)conversion rate of10.0 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)at steady state vs.3.5 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)on In_(2)O_(3)in cO_(2)*** steady-state activity was also achieved on Pd-modified *** to the traditional Pd/In_(2)O_(3)catalyst,the methanol production rate of Pd catalyst supported on 0.6Si/In_(2)O_(3)was enhanced by 23%,showing the potential of In_(2)O_(3)modified by SiO_(x)in serving as a platform *** work provides a promising method to design new In_(2)O_(3)-based catalysts with improved activity and stability in cO_(2)hydrogenation.

关键词： cO_(2)hydrogenation In_(2)O_(3)sintering Dynamic structural evolution Surface SiO_(x)modification DFT simulations

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