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浅谈高血压并发萨病的护理

中国蒙医药（蒙） 2024年第5期19卷 151-154页

作者：杨乌云不详

人工合成小麦和地方品种穗发芽抗性育种利用效率

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中国农业科学 2024年第7期57卷 1255-1266页

作者：刘泽厚王琴叶美金万洪深杨宁杨漫宇杨武云李俊四川省农业科学院作物研究所/农业农村部西南地区小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/粮食作物绿色种质创新与遗传改良四川省重点实验室成都师范学院化学与生命科学学院

【目的】小麦穗发芽是影响小麦产量和品质的重要限制因子。具有抗穗发芽特性的人工合成小麦和地方品种是改良栽培小麦穗发芽抗性的重要基因资源，通过分子标记辅助选择转育人工合成小麦和地方品种穗发芽抗性位点，评价人工合成小麦和地... 详细信息

【目的】小麦穗发芽是影响小麦产量和品质的重要限制因子。具有抗穗发芽特性的人工合成小麦和地方品种是改良栽培小麦穗发芽抗性的重要基因资源，通过分子标记辅助选择转育人工合成小麦和地方品种穗发芽抗性位点，评价人工合成小麦和地方品种导入系抗穗发芽育种利用效率，筛选抗穗发芽小麦新材料，为小麦穗发芽抗性育种提供数据和材料支撑。【方法】以抗穗发芽的人工合成小麦SYN792和四川地方品种涪陵须须麦为母本，以穗发芽敏感品种川麦45为轮回亲本，构建2个BC1F7群体。2017年，通过整穗发芽鉴定法对2个BC1F7群体的1 796个株系进行穗发芽表型初筛，然后利用与人工合成小麦PHS-3D和地方品种PHS-A1穗发芽抗性位点连锁的SSR标记进行分子标记选择，筛选出整穗发芽率(SGR)小于35%且携带PHS-3D和PHS-A1抗性位点的导入系；2018和2019年，连续2年对初筛选出的PHS-3D和PHS-A1导入系进行整穗发芽率、籽粒发芽指数(GI)和产量相关性状鉴定，其中，籽粒发芽鉴定试验设置25℃(18GI)和32℃(19GI)2个发芽温度。通过不同环境下穗发芽抗性和产量数据，分析人工合成小麦和地方品种导入系抗穗发芽育种利用效率，筛选抗穗发芽且综合性状好的优异导入系。【结果】经整穗发芽鉴定初筛，从1 796个衍生系中筛选出SGR值小于35%的株系537个；进一步对筛选出的537个株系进行分子标记检测，发现332个株系导入了人工合成小麦PHS-3D和地方品种PHS-A1穗发芽抗性位点，包括人工合成小麦导入系73个、地方品种导入系259个；地方品种PHS-A1导入系的频率显著高于人工合成小麦PHS-3D导入系。2018和2019年通过对332个穗发芽抗性位点导入系穗发芽鉴定发现，不同年份穗发芽指标间均呈极显著正相关，穗发芽指标SGR和GI表现出相对稳定的趋势；人工合成小麦和地方品种导入系的3个穗发芽指标平均值(18GI、18SGR和19SGR)均低于23%，差异不显著。不同发芽温度导入系的GI值差异较大，发芽温度32℃时，人工合成小麦PHS-3D导入系的GI值显著低于地方品种PHS-A1导入系。筛选出的73个人工合成小麦导入系中，红粒系穗发芽指标值均低于白粒系；其中，11个人工合成小麦白粒导入系表现中抗及以上抗性水平，14个红粒导入系在不同发芽温度时GI值均低于35%。2年产量相关性状分析表明，人工合成小麦PHS-3D导入系的千粒重显著高于地方品种PHS-A1导入系，而穗粒数显著小于地方品种PHS-A1导入系。根据产量性状和穗发芽抗性表现，筛选出23个穗发芽抗性和综合性状均较好的优异导入系，包括7个人工合成小麦PHS-3D导入系、16个地方品种PHS-A1导入系；人工合成小麦优异导入系中有2个白粒导入系穗发芽抗性中抗以上，2个红粒导入系不同发芽温度的GI值均低于25%，表现出稳定的穗发芽抗性。【结论】人工合成小麦和地方品种均可用于改良现代栽培小麦穗发芽抗性，利用地方品种进行穗发芽抗性育种改良效率优于人工合成小麦；但人工合成小麦导入系的穗发芽抗性的稳定性优于地方品种导入系。筛选出的23个人工合成小麦和地方品种导入系是小麦穗发芽抗性和产量性状改良的重要基因资源；特别是人工合成小麦白粒导入系(编号5201)和红粒导入系(编号5497和5505)是非常有育种利用价值的穗发芽抗性育种亲本材料。

关键词：小麦人工合成小麦地方品种穗发芽产量相关性状

Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat： Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow

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Engineering 2018年第4期4卷 552-558页

作者： Aili Li Dengcai Liu wuyun yang Masahiro Kishii Long Mao Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chengdu 610066 China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center Yexcoco 56237 Mexico

In recent years, wheat yield per hectare appears to have reached a plateau, leading to concerns for future food security with an increasing world population. Since its invention, synthetic hexaploid wheat （SHW） has been shown to be an effective genetic resource for transferring agronomically important genes from wild relatives to common wheat. It provides new sources for yield potential, drought tolerance, disease resistance, and nutrient-use efficiency when bred conventionally with modern wheat varieties. SHW is becoming more and more important for modern wheat breeding. Here, we review the current status of SHW generation, study, and application, with a particular focus on its contribution to wheat breeding. We also briefly introduce the most recent progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms for growth vigor in SHW. Advances in new technologies have made the complete wheat reference genome available, which offers a promising future for the study and applications of SHW in wheat improvement that are essential to meet global food demand.

关键词： Synthetic wheat Wheat Polyploidization Disease resistance Stress tolerance Yield

籽粒镉积累不同的小麦在不同镉环境下籽粒养分特性

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四川农业大学学报 2024年第4期42卷 762-770,799页

作者：杨玉敏万洪深叶美金胡文肖春杨凡何娟雷建容杨晶陈春秀李俊杨恩年杨武云四川省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所成都610066 农业农村部西南地区小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室成都610066 四川省农业科学院作物研究所成都610066 粮油作物绿色种质创新与遗传改良四川省重点实验室成都610066 成都师范学院化学与生命科学学院成都611130 四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所成都610066

【目的】明确籽粒镉(Cd)积累不同的小麦在不同Cd土壤中籽粒Cd及其他养分的特性,筛选籽粒Cd低积累、有益养分高积累材料。【方法】通过盆栽试验研究5份小麦籽粒Cd高积累和5份籽粒Cd低积累材料在不同Cd土壤中小麦籽粒中主要营养元素、有... 详细信息

【目的】明确籽粒镉(Cd)积累不同的小麦在不同Cd土壤中籽粒Cd及其他养分的特性,筛选籽粒Cd低积累、有益养分高积累材料。【方法】通过盆栽试验研究5份小麦籽粒Cd高积累和5份籽粒Cd低积累材料在不同Cd土壤中小麦籽粒中主要营养元素、有益中微量元素含量。【结果】籽粒Cd含量与土壤中Cd含量呈极显著正相关。籽粒Cd低积累小麦在不同Cd土壤中籽粒Cd迁移系数较低,籽粒Cd高积累小麦从土壤中吸收Cd转运至籽粒的效率较高。籽粒Cd低积累小麦中籽粒N、P、K、Cu和Mn含量随土壤Cd浓度的升高而降低,Ca、Fe含量随着土壤Cd浓度的升高而上升,Mg、Zn含量变化受土壤Cd含量影响不明显;高Cd积累小麦籽粒P、K、Ca、Mg、Zn和Fe含量随土壤Cd浓度提高而升高,籽粒Cu含量随土壤Cd含量的升高而降低,籽粒N、Mn含量变化不明显。【结论】籽粒Cd低积累和籽粒Cd高积累从土壤中吸收和转运Cd及其他养分到籽粒中的响应差异较大,籽粒Cd高积累小麦Cd耐受性较强,与多数中微量元素含量具协同作用,而籽粒Cd低积累小麦Cd耐受性较差,与多数中微量元素含量间表现为拮抗作用。

关键词： Cd 大量元素中微量元素小麦籽粒Cd积累

基于文献计量学的地方科研院所农业科技期刊核心竞争力提升路径研究——以《四川农业科技》为例

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新闻研究导刊 2024年第18期15卷 220-225页

作者：傅慧杰陈章杨红黄颖林正雨杨武云四川省农业科学院农业信息与农村经济研究所四川省农业科学院四川成都610066

当前我国进一步加大科技创新力度,地方科研院所农业科技期刊作为科技创新成果发布的重要载体,需要把握时代趋势,提升期刊核心竞争力。文章以《四川农业科技》为例,应用CiteSpace对其2013—2022年刊文计量指标、作者分布、机构分布、学... 详细信息

当前我国进一步加大科技创新力度,地方科研院所农业科技期刊作为科技创新成果发布的重要载体,需要把握时代趋势,提升期刊核心竞争力。文章以《四川农业科技》为例,应用CiteSpace对其2013—2022年刊文计量指标、作者分布、机构分布、学科分布、研究热点等进行数据挖掘和可视化分析。结果显示,近10年《四川农业科技》载文量逐年减少,但篇均页数大幅增加,基金论文比明显提升,被引频次和篇均被引频次较2013年分别上涨86.63%和167.8%。研究者合作较分散,以同一机构内部合作为主,不同机构作者合作度偏低。刊文热点主要有以下四类:一是技术研究,涵盖高产栽培、病虫害防控等,该领域技术延续性较好;二是川产作物研究,包含主粮作物以及油菜、番茄、马铃薯、柠檬、中药材等;三是土壤养分及重金属污染的评估与研究;四是乡村振兴热点问题研究,近年来数量呈爆发式增长。《四川农业科技》面向农业领域学术热点,面向现代农业生产热点。地方科研院所农业科技期刊应重视热点专题策划,挖掘优质稿源,主动适应数字经济时代出版需求,在出版融合上下功夫,同时立足地方科研院所资源优势,进一步提升期刊核心竞争力。

关键词：文献计量知识图谱科研院所农业科技期刊《四川农业科技》

Allopolyploidization increases genetic recombination in the ancestral diploid D genome during wheat evolution

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The Crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 743-753页

作者： Hongshen Wan Jun Li Shengwei Ma Fan yang Liang Chai Zehou Liu Qin Wang Zongjun Pu wuyun yang Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066SichuanChina Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southwestern China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu 610066SichuanChina The Applied Plant Genomics Lab College of Agricultural SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Genetic recombination produces new allelic combinations,thereby introducing variation for *** has increased the evolutionary potential of hexaploid common wheat by conferring the advantages of heterosis and gene redundancy,but whether a relationship exists between allopolyploidization and genetic recombination is currently *** study the impact of allopolyploid ization on genetic recombination in the ancestral D genome of wheat,we generated new synthetic hexaploid wheats by crossing tetraploid Triticum turgidum with multiple diploid Aegilops tauschii accessions,with subsequent chromosome doubling,to simulate the evolutionary hexaploidization *** the DArT-Seq approach,we determined the genotypes of two new synthetic hexaploid wheats with their parents,F;plants in a diploid population(2 x,D_(1)D_(1)×D_(2)D_(2))and its new synthetic hexaploid wheatderived population(6 x,AABBD_(1)D_(1)×AABBD_(2)D_(2)).About 11%of detected SNP loci spanning the D genome of *** were eliminated after allohexaploidization,and the degree of segregation distortion was increased in their hexaploid offspring from the F_(1) *** on codominant genotypes,the mean genetic interval length and recombination frequency between pairs of adjacent and linked SNPs on D genome of the hexaploid F;population were 2.3 fold greater than those in the diploid F_(2) population,and the recombination frequency of *** was increased by their hexaploidization with *** conclusion,allopolyploidization increases genetic recombination of the ancestral diploid D genome of wheat,and DNA elimination and increased segregation distortion also occur after *** genetic recombination could have produced more new allelic combinations subject to natural or artificial selection,helping wheat to spread rapidly to become a major global crop and thereby accelerating the evolution of wheat via hexaploidization.

关键词： Synthetic wheat Hexaploidization Diploid D genome Genetic recombination Acceleration of evolution

Synthetic hexaploid wheat and its utilization for wheat genetic improvement in China

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2009年第9期36卷 539-546页

作者： wuyun yang Dengcai Liu Jun Li Lianquan Zhang Huiting Wei Xiaorong Hu Youliang Zheng Zhouhu He Yuchun Zou Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science Chengdu 610066 China. Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Dujiangyan city 611830 China Institute of Crop Science/National Wheat Improvement Centre Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) Beijing 100081 China CIMMYT China Office clo CAAS Beijing 100081 China Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qinghai 810001 China

Synthetic hexaploid wheat （Triticum turgidum x Aegilops tauschii） was created to explore for novel genes from T. turgidum and Ae. tauschii that can be used for common wheat improvement. In the present paper, research advances on the utilization of synthetic hexaploid wheat for wheat genetic improvement in China are reviewed. Over 200 synthetic hexaploid wheat （SHW） accessions from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre （CIMMYT） were introduced into China since 1995. Four cultivars derived from these, Chuanmai 38, Chuanmai 42, Chuanmai 43 and Chuanmai 47, have been released in China. Of these, Chuanmai 42, with large kernels and resistance to stripe rust, had the highest average yield （〉 6 t/ha） among all cultivars over two years in Sichuan provincial yield trials, outyielding the commercial check cultivar Chuanmai 107 by 22,7%. Meanwhile, by either artificial chromosome doubling via colchicine treatment or spontaneous chromosome doubling via a union of unreduced gametes （2n） from T. turgidum-Ae, tauschii hybrids, new SHW lines were produced in China. Mitotic-like meiosis might be the cytological mechanism of spontaneous chromosome doubling. SHW lines with genes for spontaneous chromosome doubling may be useful for producing new SHW-alien amphidiploids and double haploid in wheat genetic improvement.

关键词： Aegilops tauschii synthetic hexaploid wheat disease resistance genetic diversity wheat breeding unreduced gametes

Spent graphite regeneration:Exploring diverse repairing manners with impurities-catalyzing effect towards high performance and low energy consumption

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 656-669页

作者： Yu Dong Zihao Zeng Zhengqiao Yuan Bing Wang Hai Lei Wenqing Zhao wuyun Ai Lingchao Kong Yue yang Peng Ge School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina Henan Institute of Advanced Technology Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001HenanChina Shenzhen Xinmao New Energy Technology Co. LTDShenzhen 518100GuangdongChina

Spent battery recycling has received considerable attention because of its economic and environmental potential.A large amount of retired graphite has been produced as the main electrode material,accompanied by a detailed exploration of the repair ***,they still suffer from unclear repair mechanisms and physicochemical *** this study,spent graphite was repaired employing three methodologies:pickling-sintering,pyrogenic-recovery,and high-temperature *** to the catalytic effect of the metal-based impurities and temperature control,the as-obtained samples displayed an ordered transformation,including the interlayer distance,crystalline degree,and grain *** anodes of lithium ions batteries,the capacity of repaired samples reached up to 310 mA h g^(-1)above after 300loops at 1.0 C,similar to that of commercial ***,benefitting from the effective assembly of carbon atoms in internal structure of graphite at>1400℃,their initial coulombic efficiency were>87%.Even at 2.0 C,the capacity of samples remained approximately 244 mA h g^(-1)after 500 *** electrochemical and kinetic analyses revealed that a low temperature enhanced the isotropy,thereby enhancing the rate ***,economic and environmental analyses revealed that the revenue obtained through suitable pyrogenic-recovering manners was approximately the largest value(5500$t^(-1)).Thus,this study is expected to clarify the in-depth effect of different repair methods on the traits of graphite,while offering all-round evaluations of repaired graphite.

关键词： Spent graphite regeneration Repair Temperature treatment

Simulation and test on the operation process of an intermittent filmpicking component on full-film mulched double ditches

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 99-108页

作者： Fei Dai Feng Wang Wenjuan Guo Ruijie Shi Shanglong Xin Xiaolong Liu wuyun Zhao College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China School of Cyber Security Gansu University of Political Science and LawLanzhou 730070China

In view of the problems in operation process of fixed rake-type residual recycling component,such as poor individual profiling effect in film picking,easy clogging of the compound of films,soil and corn stubbles,high power consumption in film picking,and strong disturbance to seedbed soil,in this study,an operation model of intermittent filmpicking on full-film mulched double ditches was proposed and an intermittent film picking component was *** DEMMBD coupled algorithm was adopted for numerical simulation on the operation process of the intermittent film-picking component on full-film mulched double ditches,and a comparative analysis was carried out on the seedbed disturbance effect and resistance variation characteristics in film-picking by fixed and intermittent film-picking *** taking the forward speed in film-picking,cam arrangement angle of the film-picking component and rotating speed of the cam shaft as independent variables,film-picking rate as the response value,a mathematical model between test factors and the film-picking rate was established,to explore the influence order of the factors on film-picking rate,and the optimal working parameters of the intermittent film-picking component were obtained as follows:the forward speed in film-picking was 2 km/h,cam arrangement angle was 180°,rotating speed of the cam shaft was 120 r/*** the optimal parameter combination,the average film-picking rate of the simulation test was 96.1%.Field test showed that,the average film-picking rate of the intermittent film-picking component was 95.6%,and 0.5%higher than that of the simulation *** working condition of the sample machine was basically consistent with the simulation process,and can accurately represent the operation mechanism of intermittent film-picking on full-film mulched double ditches,showing that the established discrete element simulation model and its parameters were accurate and reasonable.

关键词： full-film mulched double ditches residual film recovery intermittent film-picking component DEM-MBD parameter optimization