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Factors influencing adoption of soil and water conservation practices in the northwest Ethiopian highlands

International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第1期8卷 80-89页

作者： Agere Belachew wuletaw mekuria Kavitha Nachimuthu Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension University of GondarP.O.Box 196GondarEthiopia RD National Arts and Science(Co-education)College ErodeTamilnaduIndia

Soil erosion has long been a problem in the Ethiopian highlands in general and Dembecha district in particular. The objective of this study was to identify factors influencing adoption of soil and water conservation practices. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from primary and sec-ondary sources. The primary data were collected from respondent samples and key informants through interview and personal observation. The secondary data were collected from sources such as books, journals, statistical reports and official documents. A multistage sampling technique was applied to select sample households. Sample sizes of 150 households were selected using simple random sampling. Both descriptive statistics and a multivariate probit econometric model were employed to analyze the data. The model results revealed that the likelihood of decisions to adopt soil bund, stone bund, check dam and strip cropping were 74, 56, 29 and 56%respectively. The joint probability of adopting the selected soil and water conservation practices was 14.2%. The model results also confirmed that age, sex, education level, household size, livestock holding, land size, access to credit, access to extension service and training were significant factors that affected the adoption of soil and water conservation practices in the study area. Based on our findings, the study suggests that the government and stakeholders should focus on strengthening the provision of formal and non-formal training and facilitate an effective extension service.

关键词： Adoption Multivariate probit model Soil degradation Strip cropping

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Competition for land resources:driving forces and consequences in crop-livestock production systems of the Ethiopian highlands

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 333-347页

作者： wuletaw mekuria Kindu Mekonnen Peter Thorne Melkamu Bezabih Lulseged Tamene wuletawu Abera Centre for Rural Development College of Development StudiesAddis Ababa UniversityP.O.Box 1176Addis AbabaEthiopia International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) P.O.Box 5689Addis AbabaEthiopia International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) P.O.Box 5689 Addis AbabaEthiopia

Introduction:Ethiopia has made efforts to tackle the challenges of low crop and livestock productivity and degradation of land resources through various rural development ***,increasing demands for food,animal feed,fuel,and income-generating activities are putting pressure on the *** this paper,we describe the production pressure and competition between crop and livestock production,quantify rates of land-use/cover(LULC)changes,and examine driving forces and consequences of land ***:The study was conducted in Gudo Beret watershed,North Shewa Zone of Amhara region,*** used a combination of methods including remote sensing,household interviews,field observations,focus group discussions,and key informant *** and unsupervised image classification methods were employed to map LULC classes for 31 years(1984–2016).Results:The results of satellite remote sensing revealed that 51%of the land in the study area was subject to accelerated land *** household survey results indicated that feed resources and grain production pressures were 1.43 and 1.34 t ha^(−1) *** observed annual changes in plantation and settlement areas were 2.6%and 2.9%.This was mainly at the expense of bushland and grazing land *** increased(0.4%year^(−1))while grazing land reduced(3.5%year^(−1))under contrasting dynamics and competitive *** increase in human and livestock populations and farm expansion were major drivers of land conversion that adversely affected household livelihoods and the natural *** consequences of these pressures resulted in a lack of animal feed,low crop-livestock productivity,and a reduction in natural vegetation ***:We suggest that sustainable land resource management,more integrated crop-livestock production,and the use of productivity-enhancing technologies could play a role in managing competition for land resources.

关键词： Cropland Land pressure Livestock Population growth Production dynamics

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