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Vacuolar invertase genes SbVIN1 and SbVIN2 are differently associated with stem and grain traits in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)

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The Crop Journal 2020年第2期8卷 299-312页

作者： Yunhua Chi Kimani Wilson Zhiquan Liu xiaoyuan wu Li Shang Limin Zhang Haichun Jing Huaiqing Hao Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Engineering Laboratory for Grass-based Livestock Husbandry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

In higher plants, vacuolar invertases play essential roles in sugar metabolism, organ development, and sink strength. In sorghum(Sorghum bicolor), two vacuolar invertase genes,Sb VIN1(Sobic. 004 G004800) and Sb VIN2(Sobic. 006 G160700) have been reported, but their enzymatic properties and functional differences are largely unknown. We combined molecular, biochemical and genomic approaches to investigate their roles in sorghum stem and grain traits. Sb VIN1 and Sb VIN2 showed different expression levels in internodes,leaves, and panicles, indicating that their importance in each organ was different. In an in vitro sucrose hydrolysis assay, proteins of both genes heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris displayed similar enzyme properties including the same optimum reaction p H(5)and similar Kmfor sucroe(49 mmol L-1 and 45 mmol L-1 for Sb VIN1 and Sb VIN2,respectively). The optimum reaction temperatures of Sb VIN1 and Sb VIN2 were 45 °C and65 °C, respectively. Sb VIN2 showed higher tolerance to high temperature than Sb VIN1. We characterized the sequence variation of these two vacuolar invertase genes in a panel of 216 diverse inbred lines of sweet and grain sorghum and performed gene-based association analysis. Sb VIN1 showed significant associations with stem traits including stem length,stem diameter, internode number, stem fresh weight, and Brix, as well as grain traits including hundred-grain weight and grain width. Significantly associated variation sites were mainly in 5′ upstream and intron regions. Sb VIN2 only associated with grain width and stem water-soluble carbohydrates(WSCs) content. We conclude that the vacuolar invertase genes Sb VIN1 and Sb VIN2 are differently associated with stem and grain traits in sorghum.

关键词： Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor) Vacuolar invertase SbVIN1 SbVIN2 Enzymatic properties Association analysis

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Three-dimensional regulation of transcription

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Protein & Cell 2015年第4期6卷 241-253页

作者： Jun Cao Zhengyu Luo Qingyu Cheng Qianlan Xu Yan Zhang Fei Wang Yan wu xiaoyuan Song CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease and School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology ofChina Hefei 230027 China

Cells can adapt to environment and development by reconstructing their transcriptional networks to regulate diverse cellular processes without altering the underly- ing DNA sequences. These alterations, namely epige- netic changes, occur during cell division, differentiation and cell death. Numerous evidences demonstrate that epigenetic changes are governed by various types of determinants, including DNA methylation patterns, his- tone posttranslational modification signatures, histone variants, chromatin remodeling, and recently discovered chromosome conformation characteristics and non- coding RNAs （ncRNAs）. Here, we highlight recent efforts on how the two latter epigenetic factors participate in the sophisticated transcriptional process and describe emerging techniques which permit us to uncover and gain insights into the fascinating genomic regulation.

关键词： transcriptional regulation long non-coding RNAs three-dimensional chromosome interactions,epigenetic changes

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Hydrothermal syntheses and structural characterizations of three polyoxomolybdates frameworks linked by M(HL)_2 units(M=Co,Ni,Zn;L=3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole)

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第11期53卷 2285-2290,2407-2408页

作者： ZHANG XiuTang wu xiaoyuan SUN DaoFeng WEI PeiHai NI ZhongHai DOU JianMin LI DaCheng SHI CongWen HU Bo Advanced Material Institute of Research Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQilu Normal UniversityJinan 250013China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China

Three polyoxomolybdate compounds,namely {[MII(HL)2]2(Mo8O26)}n(M = Co(1),Ni(2),Zn(3))(HL,3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole),were designed and synthesized under the hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analysis,IR spectroscopy,and ***-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis results reveal that compounds 1-3 own the isostructural chain structure consisting of the β-[Mo8O26]4- anions,which are linked by M(HL)22+ units via the terminal oxygen *** curves show that the organic ligands separate from the related compounds above ca.673 K.

关键词： polyoxomolybdate 3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole cobalt nickel zinc

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Genomic footprints of sorghum domestication and breeding selection for multiple end uses

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Molecular Plant 2022年第3期15卷 537-551页

作者： xiaoyuan wu Yuanming Liu Hong Luo Li Shang Chuanyuan Leng Zhiquan Liu Zhigang Li Xiaochun Lu Hongwei Cai Huaiqing Hao Hai-Chun Jing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Engineering Laboratory for Grass-Based Livestock Husbandry Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Grassland Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of Sorghum Research Liaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyang 110161China

Domestication and diversification have had profound effects on crop *** in Africa and subsequently spreading to different continents,sorghum(Sorghum bicolor)has experienced multiple onsets of domestication and intensive breeding selection for various end ***,how these processes have shaped sorghum genomes is not fully *** the present study,population genomics analyses were performed on a worldwide collection of 445 sorghum accessions,covering wild sorghum and four end-use subpopulations with diverse agronomic *** genetic exchanges were found among various subpopulations,and strong selective sweeps affected 14.68%(∼107.5 Mb)of the sorghum genome,including 3649,4287,and 3888 genes during sorghum domestication,improvement of grain sorghum,and improvement of sweet sorghum,*** different models of haplotype changes in domestication genes from wild sorghum to landraces and improved sorghum were observed,and Sh1-and SbTB1-type genes were representative of two prominent models,one of soft selection or multiple origins and one of hard selection or an early single domestication *** also demonstrated that the Dry gene,which regulates stem juiciness,was unconsciously selected during the improvement of grain *** together,these findings provide new genomic insights into sorghum domestication and breeding selection,and will facilitate further dissection of the domestication and molecular breeding of sorghum.

关键词： sorghum(Sorghum bicolor) genomic footprints end uses domestication and diversification genes SbTB1 Sh1 and Dry molecular breeding

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工艺观念在近代中国的演变

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自然辩证法通讯 2019年第1期41卷 75-81页

作者：武晓媛山西大学科学技术史研究所山西太原030006

"工艺"是一个经过近代多层内涵积淀,具有现代意义的传统词汇。鸦片战争之后,受西方工业文明的冲击和影响,传统主要表达手工技艺方面的实用、技巧和审美创造意义的"工艺"一词,具有了不同的近代形态与内涵,形成了有别于传统的现代工艺观... 详细信息

"工艺"是一个经过近代多层内涵积淀,具有现代意义的传统词汇。鸦片战争之后,受西方工业文明的冲击和影响,传统主要表达手工技艺方面的实用、技巧和审美创造意义的"工艺"一词,具有了不同的近代形态与内涵,形成了有别于传统的现代工艺观念。文章立足于"工艺"的语言学考察,通过对"工艺"一词的重点分析与讨论,延伸出包含工业、工艺美术、手工艺内涵在内的近代工艺观念,以揭示出"工艺"概念演变的内在思想逻辑。

关键词：工艺工业工艺美术手工艺

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User Behavior Optimization Strategy for Electric Vehicle Based on Improving Battery SOH

User Behavior Optimization Strategy for Electric Vehicle Bas...

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2021中国汽车工程学会年会暨展览会

作者： wu xiaoyuan Zuo Zhelun Liu Pengyu Tongji University

Rapid decline of the battery SOH is one of key bottlenecks hindering further promotion and application of new energy vehicles（NEVs） in *** order to improve battery SOH,this study focuses on electric passenger vehicle as the research object and proposes optimization strategies on the vehicle user ***,we calculate and compare the monthly average SOH decline level of on-board power batteries made of lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide（NCM） and lithium iron phosphate（LFP） cathode materials based on the big data of 525 electric passenger vehicles that operated for one year from the platform of Shanghai ***,we analyse the main factors affecting *** with the investigations,14 indicators of vehicle use behaviors,such as the average vehicle speed and charging depth,which affect the SOH of power battery,are determined as input variables,and the prediction model of batteiy SOH is established based on Back propagation（BP） neural ***,we use the two-step clustering method to divide user behaviors into two categories,namely the private car mode and the online car-hailing ***,we propose optimization strategies on user behaviors for different battery types of vehicles respectively,followed by contirming the results via deploying the SOH prediction *** results show that the proposed strategy is efficient on improving the SOH of the two cathode materials-based batteries under three scenarios,while their degree of improvement is different.

关键词： battery SOH electric passenger vehicle user behavior optimization strategy

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从技术革新看20世纪50年代山西省“除四害、讲卫生”运动

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中华医史杂志 2016年第4期46卷 229-237页

作者：武晓媛山西大学科学技术史研究所太原030006

20世纪50年代为了提高人民健康水平,增加粮食产量,实现国家经济的恢复与发展,巩固新生的国家政权,中央在卫生领域掀起了一场“除四害、讲卫生”运动.山西省响应国家号召,组织群众积极参与到这场运动中,“大除四害、大讲卫生”.为迅速提... 详细信息

20世纪50年代为了提高人民健康水平,增加粮食产量,实现国家经济的恢复与发展,巩固新生的国家政权,中央在卫生领域掀起了一场“除四害、讲卫生”运动.山西省响应国家号召,组织群众积极参与到这场运动中,“大除四害、大讲卫生”.为迅速提高除害灭病效率,群众在运动中广泛开展技术革新,不断进行创造发明,取得丰硕的技术成果.通过技术革新,不仅提高了工作效率和工作质量,更重要的是推动国家与地方之间的互动,即国家对地方的领导控制以及地方社会“主人”意识和国家观念的形成.

关键词：除四害、讲卫生技术革新公共卫生

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机械工厂涂装车间工艺设计探讨

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涂料工业 1989年第5期19卷 30-32,29+4页

作者：吴孝园机电部第四设计院

以下列几方面探讨了机械工厂涂装车间的工艺设计问题:工艺设计(包括漆前处理、涂漆和烘干),车间设备平面布置原则,机械化输送设备,节能途径和三废治理。

关键词：工艺设计涂装车间三废治理喷漆室节能途径除油车间设备悬挂输送机酸溶液废水来源

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复合微生物菌剂对高温堆肥进程及有害气体排放的影响

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过程工程学报 2018年第S1期18卷 122-128页

作者：卢彬武肖媛太原市环境科学研究院

研究了复合微生物菌剂用于高温堆肥对堆肥进程及期间有害气体排放量的影响.以牛粪与稻壳为原料,分别设置接种复合微生物菌剂的处理组和空白对照组,对比了堆肥中各物理、化学和生物学指标及有害气体（甲烷和N2O）排放量.结果表明,接种复... 详细信息

研究了复合微生物菌剂用于高温堆肥对堆肥进程及期间有害气体排放量的影响.以牛粪与稻壳为原料,分别设置接种复合微生物菌剂的处理组和空白对照组,对比了堆肥中各物理、化学和生物学指标及有害气体（甲烷和N2O）排放量.结果表明,接种复合微生物菌剂可以加快堆体升温,延长堆体高温持续时间,缩短堆肥腐熟时间,减少有害气体（甲烷和N2O）的排放.

关键词：复合微生物菌剂堆肥腐熟度有害气体

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基于保角变换的微小电容标准建模与设计

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仪器仪表学报 2019年第9期40卷 116-123页

作者：吴晓媛杨雁贺青迟宗涛青岛大学电子信息学院青岛266000 中国计量科学研究院北京100029

在可编程电容器中,亚皮法量级的微小电容单元因受边缘效应等杂散电容的影响较大,难以实现准确、稳定的微小电容标准。本文给出了一种基于Kelvin等电位保护电极的微小电容单元实现方法,该方法将影响小电容单元的杂散电容限定为中心电极... 详细信息

在可编程电容器中,亚皮法量级的微小电容单元因受边缘效应等杂散电容的影响较大,难以实现准确、稳定的微小电容标准。本文给出了一种基于Kelvin等电位保护电极的微小电容单元实现方法,该方法将影响小电容单元的杂散电容限定为中心电极与保护电极之间因边缘效应而产生的杂散电容。并对此结构建立了等效微小电容单元解析模型,给出了一种通过保角变换分析杂散电容变化的算法,发现在电极厚度以及间距一定的情况下,中心电极与保护电极之间的气隙是杂散电容的主要影响量。基于此,分析气隙变化对杂散电容和主电极电容值的影响,同时结合有限元分析软件Ansoft Maxwell验证,确定微小电容单元的最佳气隙区间,进而准确实现微小电容标准的设计。经测试,在可编程熔融石英电容器中,亚pF量级实际微小电容单元电容值与设计微小电容单元电容值一致性良好。

关键词：交流阻抗电容标准保角变换边缘效应有限元分析

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