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Sainfoin(Onobrych.s viciifolia)silage in dairy cow rations reduces ruminal bioh.drogenation and increases transfer efficiencies of unsaturated fatty acids from feed to milk

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第3期6卷 333-341页

作者： Nguyen Th. h.yen Martin W.A.Verstegen wouter h.h.ndriks Wilbert F.Pellikaan Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen UniversityPO Box 338Wageningen6700 AHthe Netherlands Department of Farm Animal h.alth Utrecht UniversityPO Box 80.163Utrecht3508 TDthe Netherlands

Th. effects of replacing grass silage by sainfoin silage in a total mixed ration(TMR)based diet on fatty acid(FA)reticular inflow and milk FA profile of dairy cows was *** experiment followed a crossover design with.2 dietary *** control diet consisted of grass silage,corn silage,concentrate and *** th. sainfoin diet,h.lf of th. grass silage was replaced by a sainfoin *** rumen cannulated lactating multiparous dairy cows with.a metabolic body weigh. of 132.5±3.6 kg BW^0.75,214±72 d in milk and an average milk production of 23.1±2.8 kg/d were used in th. *** were paired based on parity and milk *** pairs,cows were randomly assigned to eith.r th. control diet or th. sainfoin diet for 2 experimental periods(29 d per period).In each.period,th. first 21 d,cows were h.used individually in tie-stalls for adaptation,th.n next 4 d cows were h.used individually in climate-controlled respiration ch.mbers to measure *** th. last 4 d,cows were h.used individually in tie stalls to measure milk FA profile and determine FA reticular inflow using th. reticular sampling tech.ique with.Cr-eth.lenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dih.drate(EDTA)and Yb-acetate used as digesta flow *** th. dietary C18:3n-3 intake was lower(P=0.025)in th. sainfoin diet group,th. mono-unsaturated FA reticular inflow was greater(P=0.042)in cows fed th. sainfoin *** reticular inflow of trans-9,trans-12-C18:2 and cis-12,trans-10 C18:2 was greater(P≤0.024)in th. sainfoin diet *** cows fed sainfoin diet h.d a lower(P≤0.038)apparent ruminal bioh.drogenation of cis-9-C18:1 and C18:3n-3,compared to th. cows fed th. control *** sainfoin diet group h.d greater(P≤0.018)C18:3n-3 and cis-9,cis-12-C18:2 proportions in th. milk FA profile compared to th. control diet *** efficiencies from feed to milk of C18:2,C18:3n-3 and unsaturated FA were greater(P≤0.0179)for th. sainfoin *** on th. results,it co

关键词： Sainfoin silage Reticular inflow Milk fatty acid profile Dairy cow

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Pulmonary immunization:deposition site is of minor relevance for influenza vaccination but deep lung deposition is crucial for h.patitis B vaccination

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Acta Ph.rmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第6期9卷 1231-1240页

作者： Jasmine Tomar wouter FTonnis h.rsh.d P.Patil Anne h.de boer Paul h.gedoorn Rita Vanbever h.nderik W.Frijlink wouter L.J.h.nrich. Department of Ph.rmaceutical Tech.ology and Bioph.rmacy University of GroningenGroningen 9713 AVthe Netherlands Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials Louvain Drug Research Institute(LDRI)Universite catholique de LouvainBrussels 1200Belgium

Vaccination via th. pulmonary route could be an attractive alternative to parenteral *** towards th. best site of antigen deposition with.n th. lungs to induce optimal immune responses h.s conflicting results wh.ch.migh. be dependent on th. type of vaccine and/or its ph.sical ***,in th.s study,we explored wh.th.r deep lung deposition is crucial for two different vaccines,i.e.,influenza and h.patitis B *** view of th.s,influenza subunit vaccine and h.patitis B surface antigen were labeled with.a fluorescent dye and th.n *** data sh.wed th.t after pulmonary administration to mice th. powders were deposited in th. trach.a/central airways wh.n a commercially available insufflator was used wh.le deep lung deposition was ach.eved wh.n an in-h.use built aerosol generator was *** studies revealed th.t comparable immune responses were induced upon trach.a/central airways or deep lung targeting of dry influenza vaccine ***,for h.patitis B vaccine,no immune responses were induced by trach.a/central airways deposition wh.reas th.y were considerable after deep lung ***,we conclude th.t deep lung targeting is not a critical parameter for th. efficacy of pulmonary administered influenza vaccine wh.reas for h.patitis B vaccine it is.

关键词： Inh.lation Powders Deep lung deposition Influenza h.patitis B

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Th. effect of particle size and amount of inoculum on fungal treatment of wh.at straw and wood ch.ps

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotech.ology 2017年第1期8卷 217-225页

作者： Sandra J. A. van Kuijk Anton S. M. Sonnenberg Joh.n J. P. Baars wouter h. h.ndriks Joh. W. Cone Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen University De Elst 1 6708WD Wageningen The Netherlands Plant Breeding Wageningen University Droevendaalsesteeg 1 6708PB Wageningen The Netherlands

Background： Th. aim of th.s study was to optimize th. fungal treatment of lignocellulosic biomass by stimulating th. colonization. Wh.at straw and wood ch.ps were treated with.Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Lentinula edodes with.various amounts of colonized millet grains（0.5, 1.5 or 3.0 % per g of wet weigh. of substrate） added to th. substrates. Also, wh.at straw and wood ch.ps were ch.pped to eith.r 0.5 or 2 *** of th. fungal treatment after 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 wk of incubation was determined by ch.nges in ch.mical composition, in vitro gas production（IVGP） as a measure for rumen degradability, and ergosterol content as a measure of fungal ***： Incomplete colonization was observed for C. subvermispora treated wh.at straw and L. edodes treated wood ch.ps. Th. different particle sizes and amounts of inoculum tested, h.d no significant effects on th. ch.mical composition and th. IVGP of C. subvermispora treated wood ch.ps. Particle size did influence *** treatment of wh.at straw. Th. L. edodes treatment of 2 cm wh.at straw resulted in a more selective delignification and a h.gh.r IVGP th.n th. smaller particles. Addition of 1.5 % or 3 % L. edodes inoculum to wh.at straw resulted in more selective delignification and a h.gh.r IVGP th.n addition of 0.5 % ***： Particle size and amount of inoculum did not h.ve an effect on C. subvermispora treatment of wood ch.ps. At least 1.5 % L. edodes colonized millet grains sh.uld be added to 2 cm wh.at straw to result in an increased IVGP and acid detergent lignin（ADL） degradation.

关键词： Amount of inoculum Fungal treatment In vitro rumen degradability Lignin degradation Lignocellulosic biomass Particle size

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Longitudinal bending stiffness does not affect running economy in Nike Vaporfly Sh.es

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Journal of Sport and h.alth.Science 2022年第3期11卷 285-292页

作者： Laura A.h.aley wouter h.ogkamer Integrative Locomotion Laboratory Department of KinesiologyUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003-9258USA

Purpose Th.s study aimed to determine th. independent effect of th. curved carbon-fiber plate in th. Nike Vaporfly 4%sh.e on running economy and running *** Fifteen h.alth. male runners completed a metabolic protocol and a biomech.nics *** both.protocols participants wore 2 different sh.es,an intact Nike Vaporfly 4%(VF_(intact))and a cut Nike Vaporfly 4%(VF_(cut)).Th. VF_(cut) h.d 6 medio-lateral cuts th.ough.th. carbon-fiber plate in th. forefoot to reduce th. effectiveness of th. *** th. metabolic protocol,participants ran at 14 km/h.for 5 min,twice with.each.sh.e,on a force-measuring treadmill wh.le we measured metabolic *** th. biomech.nics protocol,participants ran across a runway with.embedded force plates at 14 km/*** calculated running economy,kinetics,and lower limb joint *** Running economy did not significantly differ between sh.e conditions(on average,0.55%±1.77%(mean±SD))worse in th. VF_(cut) compared to th. VF_(intact);95%confidence interval(-1.44%to 0.40%).Biomech.nical differences were only found in th. metatarsoph.langeal(MTP)joint with.increased MTP dorsiflexion angle,angular velocity,and negative power in th. VF_(cut).Contact time was 1%longer in th. VF_(intact).Conclusion Cutting th. carbon-fiber plate and reducing th. longitudinal bending stiffness did not h.ve a significant effect on th. energy savings in th. Nike Vaporfly 4%.Th.s suggests th.t th. plate's stiffening effect on th. MTP joint plays a limited role in th. reported energy savings,and instead savings are likely from a combination and interaction of th. foam,geometry,and plate.

关键词： Biomech.nics Footwear Mech.nical doping Metabolic rate Performance

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Ph.sical and ch.mical ch.nges of rapeseed meal proteins during toasting and th.ir effects on in vitro digestibility

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotech.ology 2017年第2期8卷 417-427页

作者： Sergio Salazar-Villanea Erik M.A.M.Bruininx h.rry Gruppen wouter h.h.ndriks Patrick Carré Alain Quinsac Antonius F.B.van der Poel Wageningen Livestock Research P.O.Box 3386700 AH WageningenThe Netherlands Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen University&ResearchP.O.Box 3386700 AH WageningenThe Netherlands Agfifirm Innovation Center Royal Dutch Agrifirm GroupP.O.Box 200187302 HA ApeldoornThe Netherlands Laboratory of Food Ch.mistry Wageningen University&ResearchP.O.Box 176700 AA WageningenThe Netherlands CREOL/OLEAD 11 rue MongeParc Industriel33600 PessacFrance Terres Inovia 11 rue MongeParc Industriel33600 PessacFrance

Background： Toasting during th. production of rapeseed meal（RSM） decreases ileal crude protein（CP） and amino acid（AA） digestibility. Th. mech.nisms th.t determine th. decrease in digestibility h.ve not been fully elucidated. A h.gh.protein quality, low-denatured, RSM was produced and toasted up to 120 min, with.samples taken every 20 min. Th. aim of th.s study was to ch.racterize secondary structure and ch.mical ch.nges of proteins and glucosinolates occurring during toasting of RSM and th. effects on its in vitro CP ***： Th. decrease in protein solubility and th. increase of intermolecular β-sh.ets with.increasing toasting time were indications of protein aggregation. Th. contents of NDF and ADIN increased with.increasing toasting *** of arginine, lysine and O-meth.lisourea reactive lysine（OMIU-RL） linearly decreased with.increasing toasting time, with.a larger decrease of OMIU-RL th.n lysine. First-order reactions calculated from th. measured parameters sh.w th.t glucosinolates were degraded faster th.n lysine, OMIU-RL and arginine and th.t ph.sical ch.nges to proteins seem to occur before ch.mical ch.nges during toasting. Despite th. drastic ph.sical and ch.mical ch.nges noticed on th. proteins, th. coefficient of in vitro CP digestibility ranged from 0.776 to 0.750 and th.re were no effects on th. extent of protein h.drolysis after 120 min. In contrast, th. rate of protein h.drolysis linearly decreased with.increasing toasting time, wh.ch.was largely correlated to th. decrease in protein solubility, lysine and OMIU-RL observed. Rate of protein h.drolysis was more th.n 2-fold h.gh.r for th. untoasted RSM compared to th. 120 min toasted ***： Increasing th. toasting time for th. production of RSM causes ph.sical and ch.mical ch.nges to th. proteins th.t decrease th. rate of protein h.drolysis. Th. observed decrease in th. rate of protein h.drolysis could impact protein digestion and utilization.

关键词： h.drolysis rate In vitro protein digestibility Rapeseed meal Reactive lysine Secondary structure

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Metabolic cost of level,uph.ll,and downh.ll running in h.gh.y cush.oned sh.es with.carbon-fiber plates

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Journal of Sport and h.alth.Science 2022年第3期11卷 303-308页

作者： Clarissa S.Wh.ting wouter h.ogkamer Rodger Kram Locomotion Laboratory Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO 80309USA Integrative Locomotion Lab Department of KinesiologyUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA

Background:Compared to conventional racing sh.es,Nike Vaporfly 4% running sh.es reduce th. metabolic cost of level treadmill running by4%.Th. reduction is attributed to th.ir ligh.weigh.,h.gh.y compliant,and resilient midsole foam and a midsole-embedded curved carbon-fiber *** investigated wh.th.r th.se sh.es also could reduce th. metabolic cost of moderate uph.ll(+3°) and downh.ll(-3°) *** tested th. null h.poth.sis th.t,compared to conventional racing sh.es,h.gh.y cush.oned sh.es with.carbon-fiber plates would impart th. same ~4%metabolic power(W/kg) savings during uph.ll and downh.ll running as th.y do during level ***:After familiarization,16 competitive male runners performed six 5-min trials(2 sh.es × 3 grades) in 2 Nike marath.n racing-sh.e models(Streak 6 and Vaporfly 4%) on a level,uph.ll(+3°),and downh.ll(-3°) treadmill at 13 km/h.3.61 m/s).We measured submaximal oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production during Minutes 4-5 and calculated metabolic power(W/kg) for each.sh.e model and grade ***:Compared to th. conventional sh.es(Streak 6),th. metabolic power in th. Vaporfly 4% sh.es was 3.83%(level),2.82%(uph.ll),and2.70%(downh.ll)less(all p h. percent of ch.nge in metabolic power for uph.ll running was less compared to level running(p=0.04;effect size(ES)=0.561) but was not statistically different between downh.ll and level running(p=0.17;ES=0.356).Conclusion:On a running course with.uph.ll and downh.ll sections,th. metabolic savings and h.nce performance enh.ncement provided by Vaporfly 4% sh.es would likely be sligh.ly less overall,compared to th. savings on a perfectly level race course.

关键词： Energetics Incline Locomotion Oxygen consumption Running economy

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单个腺病毒颗粒的原子力显微镜液相成像及样品制备方法

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病毒学报 2015年第6期31卷 601-606页

作者：梁艳李晨 Mariska G M van Rosmalen Gijs J L Wuite wouter h.Roos 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所青岛266071 阿姆斯特丹自由大学

原子力显微镜(Atomic force microscopy,AFM)作为一种纳米级高分辨率的探针扫描显微镜,在病毒形态学研究等领域有广泛的应用。为更好地利用AFM在接近病毒生理环境(液相)中观测单个病毒颗粒,选择合适的基底吸附病毒样品是重要的前提保障... 详细信息

原子力显微镜(Atomic force microscopy,AFM)作为一种纳米级高分辨率的探针扫描显微镜,在病毒形态学研究等领域有广泛的应用。为更好地利用AFM在接近病毒生理环境(液相)中观测单个病毒颗粒,选择合适的基底吸附病毒样品是重要的前提保障。本文介绍了一种病毒样品制备及AFM液相成像方法。首先制备疏水化处理的玻璃盖玻片作为吸附基底,再将观察样品腺病毒重组载体颗粒(Adenovirus type 5F35,Ad5F35)吸附于基底上,建立在液相下单个病毒颗粒的原子力显微镜成像方法。通过该方法获取了单个腺病毒颗粒在液相下的高分辨率纳米级高度图(h.igh. image),且病毒颗粒保持了约90nm的正确测量高度。实验结果表明疏水化处理的玻璃基底具有良好的吸附力,有助于病毒颗粒牢固地吸附在基底上,且不会引起较大的形变。本研究为AFM观测病毒等生物样品提供了一种较为合适的吸附基底和在液相中的AFM成像方法,对后期开展病毒形态结构、物理属性及其与宿主细胞受体相互作用的研究打下基础。

关键词：原子力显微镜液相成像样品制备腺病毒颗粒

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Selective ligninolysis of wh.at straw and wood ch.ps by th. wh.te-rot fungus Lentinula edodes and its influence on in vitro rumen degradability

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotech.ology 2017年第2期8卷 391-404页

作者： Sandra J.A.van Kuijk José C.del Río Jorge Rencoret Ana Gutiérrez Anton S.M.Sonnenberg Joh.n J.P.Baars wouter h.h.ndriks Joh. W.Cone Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen UniversityDe Elst 16708 WD WageningenThe Netherlands Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologica de Sevilla(IRNAS-CSIC) Avenida Reina Mercedes1042012 SevilleSpain Plant Breeding Wageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB WageningenThe Netherlands

Background： Th. present work investigated th. influence of lignin content and composition in th. fungal treatment of lignocellulosic biomass in order to improve rumen degradability. Wh.at straw and wood ch.ps,differing in lignin composition, were treated with.Lentinula edodes for 0, 2, 4, 8 and 12 wk and th. ch.nges occurring during fungal degradation were analyzed using pyrolysis-gas ch.omatograph.-mass spectrometry and detergent fiber ***： L. edodes preferentially degraded lignin, with.only limited cellulose degradation, in wh.at straw and wood ch.ps, leaving a substrate enrich.d in cellulose. Syringyl（S）-lignin units were preferentially degraded th.n guaiacyl（G）-lignin units, resulting in a decreased S/G ratio. A decreasing S/G ratio（wh.at straw： r =-0.72, wood ch.ps： r =-0.75） and selective lignin degradation（wh.at straw： r =-0.69, wood ch.ps： r =-0.88） were correlated with.in vitro gas production（IVGP）, a good indicator for rumen ***： L. edodes treatment increased th. IVGP of wh.at straw and wood ch.ps. Effects on IVGP were similar for wh.at straw and wood ch.ps indicating th.t lignin content and 3D-structure of cell walls influence in vitro rumen degradability more th.n lignin composition.

关键词： Fungal treatment In vitro rumen degradability Lignocellulosic biomass Py-GC/MS

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Evaluation of renal cancer progression in a mouse model of h.art failure

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Cancer Communications 2021年第8期41卷 796-799页

作者： Canxia Sh. Joseph.Pierre Aboumsallem Sanne de Wit Elisabeth.Maria Sch.uten Valentina Bracun wouter C.Meijers h.rman h.W.Sillje Rudolf A.de Boer Department of Cardiology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9700 RBNetherlands

Dear Editor,h.art failure(h.)is a globally prevalent h.alth.problem,with.h.gh.mortality and morbidity despite advanced ph.rmacological and device-based treatment *** epidemiological data suggest th.t patients with.preexisting h. are more susceptible to develop incident cancer wh.n compared to subjects free of h.,wh.ch.migh. be explained by sh.red risk factors including age,h.pertension,obesity,diabetes,and smoking[1-3].

关键词： cancer mortality obesity

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In vitro 3D ph.notypic drug screen identifies celastrol as an effective in vivo inh.bitor of polycystic kidney disease

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2020年第8期12卷 644-653页

作者： Tijmen h.Booij wouter N.Leonh.rd h.ster Bange Kuan Yan Mich.el Fokkelman Anna J.Plugge Kimberley A.M.Veraar Joh.nnes G.Dauwerse Gerard J.P.van Westen Bob van de Water Leo S.Price Dorien j.M.Peters Division of Toxicology Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research(LACDR)Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands Present address:NEXUS Personalized h.alth.Tech.ologies ETH ZurichSwitzerland Department of h.man Genetics Leiden University Medical Center(LUMC)LeidenThe Netherlands OcellO B.V. LeidenThe Netherlands Division of Medicinal Ch.mistry Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research(LACDR)LeidenThe Netherlands

Polycystic kidney disease(PKD)is a prevalent genetic disorder,ch.racterized by th. formation of kidney cysts th.t progressively lead to kidney *** currently available drug tolvaptan is not well tolerated by all patients and th.re remains a strong need for alternative *** signalling rewiring in PKD th.t drives cyst formation is h.gh.y complex and not fully *** a consequence,th. effects of drugs are sometimes difficult to *** previously establish.d a h.gh.th.ough.ut microscopy ph.notypic screening meth.d for quantitative assessment of renal cyst ***,we applied th.s 3D cyst growth.ph.notypic assay and screened 2320 small drug-like molecules,including approved *** identified 81 active molecules th.t inh.bit cyst ***-parametric ph.notypic profiling of th. effects on 3D cultured cysts discriminated molecules th.t sh.wed preferred ph.rmacological effects above genuine toxicological ***,a triterpenoid from Tripterygium wilfordii,was identified as a potent inh.bitor of cyst growth.in *** an in vivo iKspCre-Pkd1^lox,lox mouse model for PKD,celastrol inh.bited th. growth.of renal cysts and maintained kidney function.

关键词： PKD celastrol pyrvinium pamoate h.gh.content screening 3D

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