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Organic carbon stratification and size distribution of three typical paddy soils from Taihu Lake region,China

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第4期20卷 456-463页

作者： PAN genxing WU Laosheng Li Lianqing ZHANg Xuhui gONg Wei wood Yvonne institute of Resource Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China Department of Environmental Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA

Developing realistic soil carbon （C） sequestration strategies for China＇s sustainable agriculture relies on accurate estimates of the amount, retention and turnover rates of C stored in paddy soils. Available C estimates to date are predominantly for the tilled and flood-irrigated surface topsoil （ca. 30 cm）. Such estimates cannot be used to extrapolate to soil depths of 100 cm since soil organic carbon （SOC） generally shows a sharp decrease with depth. in this research, composite soil samples were collected at several depths to 100 cm from three representative paddy soils in the Taihu Lake region, China. Soil organic carbon distribution in the profiles and in aggregate-size fractions was determined. Results showed that while SOC decreased exponentially with depth to 100 cm, a substantial proportion of the total SOC （30%-40%） is stored below the 30 cm depth. in the carbon-enriched paddy topsoils, SOC was found to accumulate preferentially in the 2-0.25 and 0.25-0.02 mm aggregate size fractions. δ^13C analysis of the coarse micro-aggregate fraction showed that the high degree of C stratification in the paddy topsoil was in agreement with the occurrence of lighter δ^1313C in the upper 30 cm depth. These results suggest that SOC stratification within profiles varies with different pedogenetical types of paddy soils with regards to clay and iron oxyhydrates distributions. Sand-sized fractions of aggregates in paddy soil systems may play a very important role in carbon sequestration and turnover, dissimilar to other studied agricultural systems.

关键词： profile stratification organic carbon paddy soils size fractions soil aggregates carbon storage

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Composite recommendations： from items to packages

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2012年第3期6卷 264-277页

作者： Min XiE Laks V. S. LAKSHMANAN Peter T. wood Department of Computer Science University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada Department of Computer Science and information Systems Birkbeck University of London London WCIE 7HX UK

Classical recommender systems provide users with a list of recommendations where each recommendation consists of a single item, e.g., a book or DVD. However, sev- eral applications can benefit from a system capable of recom- mending packages of items, in the form of sets. Sample appli- cations include travel planning with a limited budget （price or time） and twitter users wanting to select worthwhile tweeters to follow, given that they can deal with only a bounded num- ber of tweets. in these contexts, there is a need for a system that can recommend the top-k packages for the user to choose from. Motivated by these applications, we consider composite recommendations, where each recommendation comprises a set of items. Each item has both a value （rating） and a cost associated with it, and the user specifies a maximum total cost （budget） for any recommended set of items. Our composite recommender system has access to one or more component recommender systems focusing on different do- mains, as well as to information sources which can provide the cost associated with each item. Because the problem of deciding whether there is a recommendation （package） whose cost is under a given budget and whose value exceeds some threshold is NP-complete, we devise several approximation algorithms for generating the top-k packages as recommen- dations. We analyze the efficiency as well as approximation quality of these algorithms. Finally, using two real and two synthetic datasets, we subject our algorithms to thorough ex- perimentation and empirical analysis. Our findings attest tothe efficiency and quality of our approximation algorithms for the top-k packages compared to exact algorithms.

关键词： recommendation algorithms optimization,top-k query processing

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Evidence‐based Respiratory Medicine 1st

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2005年

作者： Peter g. gibson Michael Abramson Richard wood‐Baker Jimmy Volmink Michael Hensley Ulrich Costabel

ISBN: (数字)9780470987377

ISBN: (纸本)9780727916051

First major evidence-based text in adult respiratory medicine Comprehensive, authoritative summary of the best treatments for the major respiratory diseases Compiled by specialists from the Cochrane Airways Management group Easy-to-use format, with key clinical implications summarised in each chapter Kept up-to-date online Compiled by specialists from the Cochrane Collaboration Airways Management group, Evidence-based Respiratory Medicine is the first major evidence-based text in adult respiratory medicine. Providing a comprehensive summary of the best treatments for the most important respiratory diseases, some of the world's leading physicians review the evidence for a broad range of treatments using evidence-based principles. Essential information is presented in an easy-to-understand format, with the most important clinical implications summarised in each chapter. Evidence-based Respiratory Medicine tackles the big clinical questions in diagnosis and treatment, presenting treatment options which take into account the individual patient's needs. Evidence-Based Series: Evidence-based Respiratory Medicine, part of the acclaimed series BMJ Evidence-based medicine textbooks that have revolutionised clinical medicine literature, comes with a fully searchable CD-ROM of the whole text. Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.

关键词： LungsDiseases.

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is EAAT2 a potential therapeutic intervention target for Alzheimer's disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第8期18卷 1721-1722页

作者： Oliver Wg wood Jason HY Yeung Andrea Kwakowsky Centre for Brain Research Department of Anatomy and Medical ImagingFaculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CentreOllscoil na Gaillimhe-University of GalwayGalwayIreland

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia worldwide,impairing memory and cognitive functions due to widespread neuronal *** global incidence of this neurodegenerative disorder is predicted to increase... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer death EAAT2

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Microstructural impacts on ionic conductivity of oxide solid electrolytes from a combined atomistic-mesoscale approach

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1959-1973页

作者： Tae Wook Heo Andrew grieder Bo Wang Marissa wood Tim Hsu Sneha A.Akhade Liwen F.Wan Long-Qing Chen Nicole Adelstein Brandon C.wood Materials Science Division Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94550USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry San Francisco State UniversitySan FranciscoCA 94132USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94550USA

Although multiple oxide-based solid electrolyte materials with intrinsically high ionic conductivities have emerged,practical processing and synthesis routes introduce grain boundaries and other interfaces that can perturb primary conduction *** directly probe these effects,we demonstrate an efficient and general mesoscopic computational method capable of predicting effective ionic conductivity through a complex polycrystalline oxide-based solid electrolyte microstructure without relying on simplified equivalent circuit *** parameterize the framework for Li_(7-x)La_(3)Zr_(2)0_(12)(LLZO)gamet solid electrolyte by combining synthetic microstructures from phase-field simulations with diffusivities from molecular dynamics simulations of ordered and disordered *** designed simulations reveal an interdependence between atomistic and mesoscopic microstructural impacts on the effective ionic conductivity of polycrystalline LLZO,quantified by newly defined metrics that characterize the com plex ionic transport *** results provide fundamental understanding of the physical origins of the reported variability in ionic conductivities based on an extensive analysis of literature data,while simultaneously outlining practical design guidance for achieving desired ionic transport properties based on conditions for which sensitivity to microstructural features is *** implications of our results are discussed,including a possible connection between ion conduction behavior and dendrite formation.

关键词： microstructure solid conductivity

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interpersonal communication 3rd ed.

引用

2002年

作者： wood, Julia T

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Lymphocyte reduction induced by hindlimb unloading: distinct mechanisms in the spleen and thymus

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Cell Research 2003年第6期13卷 465-471页

作者： ARTHUR i ROBERTS Department of Molecular genetics Microbiology and immunology University of Medicine and Dentistry ofNew Jersey-Robert wood Johnson Medical School 661 Hoes Lane Piscataway New Jersey 08854 USA

Hindlimb unloading (HU) in rodent is a well-accepted ground-based model used to simulate some of the conditions of space flight and reproduce its deleterious effects on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and immune systems. in this study, the effects of HU on lymphocyte homeostasis in the spleen and thymus of mice were examined. HU was found to drastically deplete various cell populations in the spleen and thymus. These changes are likely to be mediated by apoptosis, since DNA strand breaks indicative of apoptosis were detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end-labeling in both splenocytes and thymocytes. Surprisingly, administration of opioid antagonists or interference with the Fas-FasL interaction was able to block HU-induced reductions of splenocytes, but not thymocytes. On the other hand, steroid receptor antagonists blocked the reduction of lymphocyte numbers in both spleen and thymus. Therefore, the effects of HU on the homeostasis of splenocytes and thymocytes must be e

关键词： hindlimb unloading apoptosis stress lymphocytes.

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Burn care: The challenges of research

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Burns & Trauma 2013年第3期1卷 105-108页

作者： Fiona M. wood Burns Service of Western Australia Burn injury Research Unit University of Western Australia Australia

Burn care is an area which has advanced relentlessly over the past decades with improved survival and quality of survival. However, there are many challenges which overshadow the successes. The translation of what we know into clinical practice remains a challenge due to issues on many levels from overcoming personal opinion to resource allocation. We live in a time of exponential increase in knowledge in diverse areas which could be harnessed to improve the lives of those suffering burn injuries. Breaking down silos in education training and research remain challenging and again the allocation of resource is key. Ultimately when the goal is "One World One Standard of Burn Care" the greatest challenge is in education with specific reference to burn injury prevention and first aid.

关键词： Burn injury translational research improved outcomes

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Evaluation of Methods for Control of Ammonia Volatilization from Surface-Applied Nitrogen Fertilizers to Sugarcane Trash in North Queensland

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Pedosphere 1993年第4期3卷 321-330页

作者： KONgWEi-PiNg P.g.SAFFigNA A.W.wood J.R.FRENEY griffith University Queensland (Australia)Griffith UniversityQueensland (Australia)CSR LtdVictoria Mill(Australia)CSIRO Division of Plant Industry(Australia)

Micrometeorological and microplot experiments were conducted in the field of freshly harvested green cane in Queensland, Australia. Results showed that high ammonia loss of fertilizer N could occur under relatively dry conditions when urea or commercial product of mixture of urea and muriate of potash were applied to the surface of sugarcane trash. The moisture content in the trash and the pH of fertilizer were two important factors controlling the processes of urea hydrolysis and ammonia volatilization. Most of the N in the soil was transformed to the nitrate+ nitrite from after 70 days of fertilizer application. No significant leaching was found. Urea-free N fertilizers had higher N recoveries compared to urea-containing fertilizers. .

关键词： ammonia volatilization micrometeorological experiment nitrogen loss sugarcane trash

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Enhanced application for FSRU recondensing equipment during periods of low or no gas send out to minimize LNg cargo losses

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Petroleum 2018年第4期4卷 365-374页

作者： Maksym Kulitsa David A.wood Odessa Ukraine DWA Energy Limited LincolnUnited Kingdom

Most modern floating storage and regasification units(FSRU)are fitted with recondensing equipment that feed condensed boil-off gas(BOg)to the regasification unit in addition to a stream of liquefied natural gas(LNg)extracted from the cargo *** of the recondenser during regasification operations reduces gas losses on *** does so by avoiding consumption of excess BOg,with no associated commercial benefit,in gas combustion units(gCU),steam dumps,flares *** we consider the benefits of also using the recondenser in recirculation mode,returning condensed BOg to the cargo tanks in the form of slightly warmed *** recirculation can be beneficial during periods of low or no gas send out from the FSRU,often achieving significant reductions in gas losses,although it is not standard practice in the industry to do *** regasification is halted not much BOg is required by the FSRU engine room,so the vessel must handle this *** condensing the BOg to LNg and returning it to the cargo tanks,the significant volume reduction involved has the beneficial impact of slowing down tank pressure *** saturated vapor pressure(SVP)of the LNg,linked to its composition and temperature,plays a key role in the boil-off rate and resulting cargo tank pressure *** analysis is provided to explain how using the FSRU recondenser in recirculation mode can be best exploited by considering the prevailing fill levels,temperatures and pressures in each of the cargo tanks,and returning the condensed LNg preferentially to certain *** efficiency can be improved,gas losses and emissions can be reduced,and more cargo sold by exploiting the capabilities of the FSRU recondenser in recirculation *** the FSRU in recirculation mode requires no equipment modifications to standard recondensers,neither does it increase FSRU operating costs.

关键词： Recondensation of boil-off gas FSRU recondenser configurations Boil-off gas loss management BOg recirculation LNg saturated vapor pressure(SVP)

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