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Temporal-spatial generation of Astrocytes in the Developing Diencephalon

Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第1期40卷 1-16页

作者： Wentong Hong Pifang Gong Xinjie Pan Zhonggan Ren Yitong Liu Guibo Qi Jun-Liszt Li Wenzhi Sun woo-ping ge Chun-Li Zhang Shumin Duan Song Qin Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Chinese Institute for Brain Research Beijing 102206China School of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Department of Molecular Biology University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexas 75390-9148USA Department of Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of ChinaZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

tAstrocytes are the largest glial population in the mammalian brain.However,we have a minimal understanding of astrocyte development,especially fate specification in different regions of the brain.Through lineage tracing of the progenitors of the third ventricle(3V)wall via in-utero electroporation in the embryonic mouse brain,we show the fate specification and migration pattern of astrocytes derived from radial glia along the 3V wall.Unexpectedly,radial glia located in different regions along the 3V wall of the diencephalon produce distinct cell types:radial glia in the upper region produce astrocytes and those in the lower region produce neurons in the diencephalon.With genetic fate mapping analysis,we reveal that the first population of astrocytes appears along the zona incerta in the diencephalon.Astrogenesis occurs at an early time point in the dorsal region relative to that in the ventral region of the developing diencephalon.With transcriptomic analysis of the region-specific 3V wall and lateral ventricle(LV)wall,we identified cohorts of differentially-expressed genes in the dorsal 3V wall compared to the ventral 3V wall and LV wall that may regulate astrogenesis in the dorsal diencephalon.Together,these results demonstrate that the generation of astrocytes shows a spatiotemporal pattern in the developing mouse diencephalon.

关键词： Radial glia Astrocyte specification Lineage tracing Diencephalon Third ventricle

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A hybrid data-mining framework for train rescheduling strategy pattern discovery

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第1期6卷 56-67页

作者： Ruirui Chen Xuekai ge ping Huang Chao Wen School of Transportation&Logistics Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China Department of IT Operational Technology CN RailWaterloo N2V2R1Canada

This study presents a hybrid data-mining framework based on feature selection algorithms and clustering methods to perform the pattern discovery of high-speed railway train rescheduling strategies(RSs).The proposed model is composed of two states.In the first state,decision tree,random forest,gradient boosting decision tree(GBDT)and extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)models are used to investigate the importance of features.The features that have a high influence on RSs are first selected.In the second state,a K-means clustering method is used to uncover the interdependences between RSs and the influencing features,based on the results in the first state.The proposed method can determine the quantitative relationships between RSs and influencing factors.The results clearly show the influences of the factors on RSs,the possibilities of different train operation RSs under different situations,as well as some key time periods and key trains that the controllers should pay more attention to.The research in this paper can help train traffic controllers better understand the train operation patterns and provides direction for optimizing rail traffic RSs.

关键词： high-speed railway rescheduling strategy pattern discovery feature identification clustering algorithm

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Structurally Flexible 2D Spacer for Suppressing the Electron-Phonon Coupling Induced Non-Radiative Decay in Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 325-340页

作者： Ruikun Cao Kexuan Sun Chang Liu Yuhong Mao Wei Guo ping Ouyang Yuanyuan Meng Ruijia Tian Lisha Xie Xujie Lü Ziyi ge Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211People’s Republic of China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research(HPSTAR) Shanghai 201203People’s Republic of China

This study presents experimental evidence of the dependence of non-radiative recombination processes on the electron-phonon coupling of perovskite in perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Via A-site cation engineering,a weaker electron-phonon coupling in perovskite has been achieved by introducing the structurally soft cyclohexane methylamine(CMA^(+))cation,which could serve as a damper to alleviate the mechanical stress caused by lattice oscillations,compared to the rigid phenethyl methylamine(PEA^(+))analog.It demonstrates a significantly lower non-radiative recombination rate,even though the two types of bulky cations have similar chemical passivation effects on perovskite,which might be explained by the suppressed carrier capture process and improved lattice geometry relaxation.The resulting PSCs achieve an exceptional power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 25.5%with a record-high opencircuit voltage(V_(OC))of 1.20 V for narrow bandgap perovskite(FAPbI_(3)).The established correlations between electron-phonon coupling and non-radiative decay provide design and screening criteria for more effective passivators for highly efficient PSCs approaching the Shockley-Queisser limit.

关键词： Electron-phonon coupling A-site cation engineering Non-radiative recombination

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genome-wide and candidate gene association studies identify BnPAP17 as conferring the utilization of organic phosphorus in oilseed rape

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1134-1149页

作者： ping Xu Hao Li Haiyuan Li ge Zhao Shengjie Dai Xiaoyu Cui Zhenning Liu Lei Shi Xiaohua Wang College of Agriculture and Forestry Science Linyi UniversityLinyi 27600China National Key Laboratory of Crop genetic Improvement/Microelement Research Centre/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation(Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Phosphorus(P)is essential for living plants,and P deficiency is one of the key factors limiting the yield in rapeseed production worldwide.As the most important organ for plants,root morphology traits(RMTs)play a key role in P absorption.To investigate the genetic variability of RMT under low P availability,we dissected the genetic structure of RMTs by genome-wide association studies(GWAS),linkage mapping and candidate gene association studies(CGAS).A total of 52 suggestive loci were associated with RMTs under P stress conditions in 405 oilseed rape accessions.The purple acid phosphatase gene BnPAP17 was found to control the lateral root number(LRN)and root dry weight(RDW)under low P stress.The expression of BnPAP17 was increased in shoot tissue in P-efficient cultivars compared to root tissue and P-inefficient cultivars in response to low P stress.Moreover,the haplotype of BnPAP17^(Hap3)was detected for the selective breeding of P efficiency in oilseed rape.Over-expression of the BnPAP17^(Hap3)could promote the shoot and root growth with enhanced tolerance to low P stress and organic phosphorus(Po)utilization in oilseed rape.Collectively,these findings increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying BnPAP17-mediated low P stress tolerance in oilseed rape.

关键词： genome-wide association studies(GWAS) root morphology traits(RMTs) organic phosphorus(Po) oilseed rape BnPAP17

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Remaining Useful Life Prediction Method for Multi-Component System Considering Maintenance:Subsea Christmas Tree System as A Case Study

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第2期38卷 198-209页

作者： WU Qi-bing CAI Bao-ping FAN Hong-yan WANG Guan-nan RAO Xi ge Weifeng SHAO Xiao-yan LIU Yong-hong CNOOC Safety Technology Services Co. Ltd.Tianjin 300456China College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China CNOOC EnerTech Safety&Environmental Protection BranchTianjin 300456China

Maintenance is an important technical measure to maintain and restore the performance status of equipment and ensure the safety of the production process in industrial production,and is an indispensable part of prediction and health management.However,most of the existing remaining useful life(RUL)prediction methods assume that there is no maintenance or only perfect maintenance during the whole life cycle;thus,the predicted RUL value of the system is obviously lower than its actual operating value.The complex environment of the system further increases the difficulty of maintenance,and its maintenance nodes and maintenance degree are limited by the construction period and working conditions,which increases the difficulty of RUL prediction.An RUL prediction method for a multi-omponent system based on the Wiener process considering maintenance is proposed.The performance degradation model of components is established by a dynamic Bayesian network as the initial model,which solves the uncertainty of insufficient data problems.Based on the experience of experts,the degree of degradation is divided according to Poisson process simulation random failure,and different maintenance strategies are used to estimate a variety of condition maintenance factors.An example of a subsea tree system is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： remaining useful life Wiener process dynamic Bayesian networks maintenance subsea Christmas tree system

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Probing the Gamma-Ray Emission Region of Five TeV Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 158-171页

作者： Hu-Bing Xiao Hai-Tao Cao Rui Xue Jin-Ting Cai ge-ge Wang Marina Manganaro Shao-Hua Zhang Zhi-Hao Ouyang Li-ping Fu Jun-Hui Fan Shanghai Key Lab for Astrophysics Shanghai Normal University School of Information Engineering Department of Physics Zhejiang Normal University College of Mathematics and Physics Guangxi Minzu University Key Laboratory of Cosmology and Astrophysics (Liaoning) College of Sciences Northeastern University Department of Physics University of Rijeka Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou University Key Laboratory for Astronomical Observation and Technology of Guangzhou Astronomy Science and Technology Research Laboratory of Department of Education of Guangdong Province

The location of γ-ray emission of blazars remains a contested topic, inspiring the development of numerous investigative techniques to address this issue. In this work, we analyzed Fermi γ-ray light curves in the geV and MeV bands, employing the discrete cross-correlation function method to discern time lags between the two bands.For 4C +21.35, Ton 599, B2 1420+32, and PKS 1510-089, we identified a time lag spanning several days, while for PKS 1441+25, the time lag was not statistically found. The results imply that the soft photons necessary for inverse Compton scattering predominantly originate from the dusty torus in the first four sources, whereas for PKS1441+25, they seem to be sourced mainly from the broad-line region. Further analysis of the opacity(τγγ) and the geV spectra study supports the conclusion that the location of the dissipation region must be beyond the BLR to avoid significant absorption. Notably, for PKS 1441+25, the emission region is also posited to lie outside yet proximate to the BLR. The parameters of describing the emission region were obtained by fitting broadband spectral energy distribution with contemporaneous observation data. Our findings suggest that for the five TeV FSRQs, during Te V flaring events, the jet appears to maintain an equilibrium between the energy density of the magnetic field and that of the particles for all investigated sources, with the exceptions of 4C +21.35 and PKS1441+25. In terms of the overall jet power, particle energy is the dominant contributor, and the observed blazar radiation cannot be solely attributed to the magnetic field, except in the case of 4C +21.35. Consequently,magnetic reconnection is unlikely to be the primary mechanism behind particle acceleration in these systems.

关键词： galaxies: active galaxies: jets gamma-rays: galaxies

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Detection of UAV Target Based on Continuous Radon Transform and Matched Filtering Process for Passive Bistatic Radar

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2024年第1期33卷 9-18页

作者： Luo Zuo Yuefei Yan Jun Wang Xin Sang Yan Wang Dongming ge Lihao ping Zhihai Wang Congsi Wang Guangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian UniversityGuangzhou 510555China National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Xidian UniversityXi’an710071China School of Information and Control Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’anShaanxi 710055China CETC Wuhu Diamond Aircraft Manufacturing Co. LtdWuhuAnhui 241000China Beijing Space Vehicle general Design Department Beijing 100094China CETC No.38 Research Institute Hefei 230088China

Long-time integration technique is an effective way of improving target detection performance for unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)in the passive bistatic radar(PBR),while range migration(RM)and Doppler frequency migration(DFM)may have a major effect due to the target maneuverability.This paper proposed an innovative long-time coherent integration approach,regarded as Continuous Radon-matched filtering process(CRMFP),for low-observable UAV target in passive bistatic radar.It not only mitigates the RM by collaborative research in range and velocity dimensions but also compensates the DFM and ensures the coherent integration through the matched filtering process(MFP).Numerical and real-life data following detailed analysis verify that the proposed method can overcome the Doppler mismatch influence and acquire comparable detection performance.

关键词： passive bistatic radar unmanned aerial vehicle long-time coherent integration Radon-matched filtering process

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Carbonic anhydrase-like enzymes in the formation of Lycopodium alkaloid

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第3期22卷 193-194页

作者： DONG Huiwen ge Huiming State key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Institute of Functional BiomoleculesSchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Plant alkaloids,renowned for their structural diversity and bioactivity,are prominent in both modern and traditional medicine[1].Unraveling the intricacies of plant alkaloid biosynthesis could pave the way for the discovery of new natural products and pathways.It may also shed light on the roles of existing pathways in host biology and provide valuable tools for metabolic engineering in plants and microbes[2].Unlike other major classes of plant natural products,such as terpenoids and polyketides,the formation of alkaloid scaffolds does not conform to a uniform chemical theme or depend on a singular enzyme class[3].A case in point is the Lycopodium alkaloids in the Lycopodiaceae family,where the enzymes responsible for their core scaffold construction remain unidentified[4].

关键词： Lycopodium alkaloid Carbonic anhydrase-like enzymes Biosynthesis

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Meridional deflection of global eddy propagation derived from tandem altimetry: Mechanism and implication

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 811-825页

作者： ge CHEN Xiaoyan CHEN Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System School of Marine TechnologyOcean University of ChinaQindao 266100China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Laoshan LaboratoryQindao 266237China

A common view on meridional deflection of eddy propagation is poleward for cyclones and equatorward for anticyclones. This widely accepted polarity-sensitive pattern has been increasingly undermined given that it is systematically violated on both zonal and regional scales as recently reported. Here, we approach the problem by exploring these violations in terms of eddy effects of spatiotemporal geostrophy, thermal fading, and flow dragging, yielding the following main conclusions.(1) The polarity-dependent deflection discrepancy is a pseudo feature resulting from a biased fit to the normalized eddy tracks which are spatially asymmetric(though azimuthally symmetric) between the two signs;Instead, the primary pattern of eddy deflection appears to be geographically correlated and polarity independent.(2) geostrophic adjustment plays a critical role in defining the meridional movement of an eddy. Specifically, a consistent poleward(equatorward) trajectory bending of spatially(temporally) ageostrophic eddies is observed irrespective of their polarity.(3) The mechanism of eddy deflection is also determined by its zonal propagation direction. Westward propagating eddies are substantially affected by thermal fading, while opposite ones by flow dragging. A realistic and comprehensive understanding of eddy deflection mechanisms serves as a significant contribution to the prediction of eddy trajectory, and the protection of ocean environment.

关键词： Mesoscale eddies Eddy propagation Eddy meridional deflection Satellite observation geostrophic adjustment

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Alzheimer’s disease early diagnostic and staging biomarkers revealed by large-scale cerebrospinal fluid and serum proteomic profiling

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 118-126页

作者： Qing-Qing Tao Xue Cai Yan-Yan Xue Weigang ge Liang Yue Xiao-Yan Li Rong-Rong Lin Guo-ping Peng Wenhao Jiang Sainan Li Kun-Mu Zheng Bin Jiang Jian-ping Jia Tiannan Guo Zhi-Ying Wu Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in the Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China Liangzhu Laboratory Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311100China Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzho 310024China Department of Neurology First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China Department of Neurology First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen 361009China Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijing 100053China MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration School of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Shanghai 200031China

Amyloid-b,tau pathology,and biomarkers of neurodegeneration make up the core diagnostic biomarkers of Alzheimer disease(AD).However,these proteins represent only a fraction of the complex biological processes underlying AD,and individuals with other brain diseases in which AD pathology is a comorbidity also test positive for these diagnostic biomarkers.More ADspecific early diagnostic and disease staging biomarkers are needed.In this study,we performed tandem mass tag proteomic analysis of paired cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and serum samples in a discovery cohort comprising 98 participants.Candidate biomarkers were validated by parallel reaction monitoring–based targeted proteomic assays in an independent multicenter cohort comprising 288 participants.We quantified 3,238 CSF and 1,702 serum proteins in the discovery cohort,identifying 171 and 860 CSF proteins and 37 and 323 serum proteins as potential early diagnostic and staging biomarkers,respectively.In the validation cohort,58 and 21 CSF proteins,as well as 12 and 18 serum proteins,were verified as early diagnostic and staging biomarkers,respectively.Separate 19-protein CSF and an 8-protein serum biomarker panels were built by machine learning to accurately classify mild cognitive impairment(MCI)due to AD from normal cognition with areas under the curve of 0.984 and 0.881,respectively.The 19-protein CSF biomarker panel also effectively discriminated patients with MCI due to AD from patients with other neurodegenerative diseases.Moreover,we identified 21 CSF and 18 serum stage-associated proteins re-flecting AD stages.Our findings provide a foundation for developing bloodbased tests for AD screening and staging in clinical practice.

关键词： cerebrospinal Alzheimer fluid

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