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The COVID-19 Outbreak in South Korea: Lessons to Be Learned

Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第2期12卷 298-311页

作者： Hark Joon Lee Richard Kang Michelle Kim Justin Kong woo jun shim Kunmin Kim Paul S. Chung Lewis Katz School of Medicine Temple University Philadelphia USA School of Medicine Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond USA Youth With Talents Fairfax USA Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine Blacksburg USA Department of Biology Washington University St. Louis USA Bachelor of Science in Biology California Institute of Technology Pasadena USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego USA

The Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel type of coronavirus-related disease that has over 4 million confirmed cases worldwide as of May 13th, 2020. With over 200 countries impacted by the pandemic, many countries have taken drastic measures such as temporary closure of international borders. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the South Korean response to COVID-19 and the keys to successful containment of the disease. Real time analysis was performed on data provided by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Comparisons of disease containment among countries with the highest confirmed cases were normalized for population size differences by taking the proportion of confirmed cases to population size. We further compared the disease outbreak in Seoul, a very urban environment, to the whole country of South Korea, to compare public health in urban and rural environments. We found that the efficient partnership between the private sector and the state led to rapid development in testing kits, which was integral to the South Korean response to COVID-19. In addition, the South Koreans’ community spirit, approval of government-led interventions, and societal norm of wearing masks were also efficient social responses to the spreading disease. In this paper, we navigate the impacts of a universal healthcare system and its ability to battle infectious diseases and the efficacy of various governmental actions in response to a public health crisis.

关键词： Infectious Diseases Respiratory Viral Infections Public Health Disease Prevention

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Global Genomic Variations of Pathogenic Bacteria <i>Salmonella</i>Reading

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Computational Molecular Bioscience 2021年第3期11卷 57-68页

作者： woo Hyung Lee Yein Jeon Jonathan S. Chung woo jun shim Min Jae Shin Seok Gyu Han Seunghan Baek James Kim Jaewoo Kim Paul S. Chung Biotechnology School of Sciences Hong Kong University of Science of Technology Hong Kong China Fuzbien Technology Institute Rockville USA Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Rutgers University New Brunswick USA College of Letters & Sciences University of California Los Angeles USA Biology Bachelor of Science California Institute of Technology Pasadena USA School of Arts & Sciences Johns Hopkins University Baltimore USA School of Arts & Sciences University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Youth with Talents Fairfax USA

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates food-borne pathogenic Salmonella bacteria cause about 1.35 million infections, 26,500 hospitalizations, and 420 deaths in the U.S. every year. Outbreaks of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Reading linked mainly to raw turkey products and alfalfa sprouts have accounted for human illness including mortality. Therefore, we downloaded and compared genome sequences of 897 Salmonella Reading isolated from 27 resources in 11 countries at 21 year-points from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. Isolates were clustered into 10 clades which consisted of 3 major and 7 minor or single node clades. Although 3 major clades included both Europe and American isolates, one clade consisted of 605 North American isolates out of 614 isolates. Evolutionary distance is more related to the continent than the source of isolation. The host source, continent (North America and Europe) and phylogenetic clade were related to the prevalence of isolates encoding Antimicrobial Resistance Genes (ARGs). Prevalence of prophages was greater in bovine and swine isolates than poultry and human isolates and the least prevalence was found in human isolates. Between continents, the prevalence of phage was greater in North Ame- rican isolates than European. The diversity of virulence factors in swine isolates differed from poultry isolate while no difference was found among continents. In conclusion, evolutionary distance is related to isolation host source rather than the continent, and genome features were distinguished by host and cluster. Our genomic analysis implies that Salmonella Reading evolved independently to environments within its lineages.

关键词： Salmonella Serovar Reading Genome Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Virulence Factors Phylogenomic Tree

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Response of phenology- and yield-related traits of maize to elevated temperature in a temperate region

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The Crop Journal 2017年第4期5卷 305-316页

作者： Dana shim Kyu-Jong Lee Byun-woo Lee Department of Plant Science Seoul National University Seoul 151-921 Republic of Korea Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University Seoul 151-921 Republic of Korea

Extreme high temperatures detrimental to maize production are projected to occur more frequently with future climate *** and yield-related traits were investigated under several levels of elevated temperature in two early-maturing hybrid cultivars:junda 6(grown in northeastern China)and Chalok 1(grown in South Korea).They were cultivated in plastic houses in Suwon,Korea(37.27°N,126.99°E)held at target temperatures of ambient(AT),AT+1.5°C,AT+3°C,and AT+5°C at one sowing date in 2013 and three different sowing dates in *** and reproductive growth durations showed variation depending on sowing date,experimental year,and *** duration tended to decrease,but not necessarily,with temperature elevation,but somewhat increased again above a certain *** temperature-dependent variation was greater during grain filling than in the vegetative period before *** temperature showed no significant effects on duration or peak dates of silking and anthesis,and thus on anthesis–silking *** yield tended to decrease with temperature elevation above ambient,showing a sharper linear decrease with mean growing season temperature increase in junda 6 than in Chalok *** decrease in kernel number accounted for a much greater contribution to the yield reductions due to temperature elevation than did the decrease in individual kernel weight in both *** harvestable kernel weight was not significantly affected by temperature elevation *** number showed a linear decrease with mean growth temperature from early ear formation to early grain-filling stage,with junda 6 showing a much severer decrease than Chalok *** number reduction due to temperature elevation was attributable more to the decrease in differentiated ovule number than to the decrease in kernel set in Chalok 1,but largely to the decrease of kernel set in junda 6.

关键词： Maize Elevated temperature Phenology Yield Yield-related traits

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High-power and long-life supercapacitive performance of hierarchical, 3-D urchin-like W18049 nanostructure electrodes

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Nano Research 2016年第3期9卷 633-643页

作者： Sangbaek Park Hyun-woo shim Chan woo Lee Hee Jo Song Jae-Chan Kim Dong-Wan Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 Republic of Korea School of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering Korea University Seou1136-713 Republic of Korea

We report the facile, one-pot synthesis of 3-D urchin-like W18O49 nanostructures （U-WO） via a simple solvothermal approach. An excellent supercapacitive performance was achieved by the U-WO because of its large Brunauer-Emmett- Teller （BET） specific surface area （ca. 123 m2.g-1） and unique morphological and structural features. The U-WO electrodes not only exhibit a high rate-capability with a specific capacitance （Csp） of -235 F·g-1 at a current density of 20 A.g-1, but also superior long-life performance for 1,000 cycles, and even up to 7,000 cycles, showing -176 F·g-1 at a high current density of 40 A.g-1.

关键词： hierarchical structure W18O49 high-power long cycle life supercapacitor

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Anesthetics management of a renal angiomyolipoma using pulse pressure variation and non-invasive cardiac output monitoring: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第24期10卷 8656-8661页

作者： woo Jae Jeon woo Jong Shin Young Joon Yoon Chan woo Park Jae Hang shim Sang Yun Cho Department of Anesthesiolgy and Pain Medicine Hanyang University Guri HospitalGuri-si 471-701Gyeonggi-doSouth Korea

BACKGROUND Hypovolemic shock can lead to life-threatening organ dysfunction,and adequate fluid administration is a fundamental ***,parameters such as vital signs,central venous pressure,and urine output have been used to estimate intravascular ***,pulse pressure variation(PPV)and non-invasive cardiac monitoring devices have been *** this case report,we introduce a patient with massive active bleeding from giant renal angiomyolipoma(AML).During emergent nephrectomy,we used non-invasive cardiac monitoring with CSN-1901(Nihon Kohden,Tokyo,Japan)and PPV to evaluate the patient's intravascular volume status to achieve optimal fluid *** SUMMARY A 30-year-old male patient with giant AML with active bleeding was referred to the emergency room complaining of severe abdominal pain and spontaneous abdominal *** was diagnosed by computed tomography,and emergent nephrectomy was *** bleeding was expected so we decided to use non-invasive cardiac monitoring and PPV to assist fluid therapy because they are relatively easy and fast compared to invasive cardiac *** the surgery,6000 mL of estimated blood loss *** with the patient's vital signs and laboratory results,we monitored cardiac output,cardiac output,stroke volume,stroke volume index with a non-invasive cardiac monitoring device,and PPV using an intra-arterial catheter to evaluate intravascular volume status of the patient to compensate for massive *** In addition to traditional parameters,non-invasive cardiac monitoring and PPV are useful methods to evaluate patient's intravascular volume status and provideguidance for intraoperative management of hypovolemic shock patients.

关键词： Renal angiomyolipoma Pulse pressure variation Cardiac output Case report

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Optimal treatment strategy for Helicobacter pylori:Era of antibiotic resistance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第19期20卷 5654-5659页

作者： jun Heo Seong woo Jeon Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital Medical CenterDaegu 702-911South Korea

Standard triple therapy, consisting of a proton pump inhibitor, plus amoxicillin and clarithromycin, has been the most commonly used first-line treatment regimen for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication for many years worldwide. However, as a result of increased resistance to antibiotics, H. pylori eradication rates with use of standard triple therapy have been declining and recently reached < 80% in many countries. Several new strategies to enhance the eradication rate of H. pylori have been studied. Currently, among the alternative first-line eradication regimens, concomitant and hybrid regimens have shown excellent results and could be the optimal treatment option. Although clinical usefulness of rescue therapy for patients in whom eradication of H. pylori with non-bismuth quadruple regimen has failed is unclear, levofloxacin-based quadruple therapy has shown promise as a rescue treatment. The choice of third-line therapy depends on factors such as the local pattern of antibiotic resistance, drug availability, and previous treatment. We hope that a simple method for detection of antibiotic susceptibility using polymerase chain reaction would be a possible alternative to administration of “tailored treatment” in the era of increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Standard therapy Bacterial eradication Concomitant therapy Hybrid therapy

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2D-3D registration for 3D analysis of lower limb alignment in a weight-bearing condition

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2018年第1期33卷 59-70页

作者： shim Eungjune KIM Youngjun LEE Deukhee LEE Byung Hoon woo Sungkyung LEE Kunwoo Center for Bionics Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyKorea Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Science and TechnologyKorea Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kang-Dong Sacred Heart HospitalHallym University Medical SchoolKorea Mechanical Engineering Seoul National UniversityKorea

X-ray imaging is the conventional method for diagnosing the orthopedic condition of a patient. Computerized Tomography(CT) scanning is another diagnostic method that provides patient’s 3D anatomical information. However, both methods have limitations when diagnosing the whole leg; X-ray imaging does not provide 3D information, and normal CT scanning cannot be performed with a standing posture. Obtaining 3D data regarding the whole leg in a standing posture is clinically important because it enables 3D analysis in the weight bearing *** on these clinical needs, a hardware-based bi-plane X-ray imaging system has been developed; it uses two orthogonal X-ray images. However, such methods have not been made available in general clinics because of the hight cost. Therefore, we proposed a widely adaptive method for 2 D X-ray image and 3D CT scan data. By this method, it is possible to threedimensionally analyze the whole leg in standing posture. The optimal position that generates the most similar image is the captured X-ray image. The algorithm verifies the similarity using the performance of the proposed method by simulation-based experiments. Then, we analyzed the internal-external rotation angle of the femur using real patient data. Approximately 10.55 degrees of internal rotations were found relative to the defined anterior-posterior direction. In this paper, we present a useful registration method using the conventional X-ray image and 3D CT scan data to analyze the whole leg in the weight-bearing condition.

关键词： 2D-3D registration 3D analysis X-ray CT simulated annealing

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Bioinspired Segment Robot with Earthworm-like Plane Locomotion

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2016年第2期13卷 292-302页

作者： Chang-woo Song Dong-jun Lee Seung-Yop Lee Department of Mechanical Engineering Sogang University 1 Shinsu-dong Mapo-gu Seoul 121-742 Republic of Korea

In this paper, a miniaturized segment robot using solenoids is developed to mimic the plane locomotion of earthworms. The bioinspired robot is composed of five segmented bodies, and one segment has two solenoid actuators. This robot can move linearly and it can also turn due to the pair of solenoid actuators that facilitate the earthworm-like peristaltic locomotion. We have designed a miniaturized solenoid with a permanent magnet plunger in order to increase the total electromagnetic force. A theoretical analysis is performed to predict the linear and turning motions of each segment, and the optimal profiles of input signals are obtained for fast locomotion. Experiments are then conducted to determine the linear and turning motions of the segment robot. It takes about 0.5 s for the five segments to complete one cycle of the peristaltic locomotion. In experiments, the segment robot is shown to have the linear and angular velocities of 27.2 mm·s^-1 （0.13 body-length per second） and 2 degrees per second, respectively.

关键词： bioinspired robot earthworm peristaltic locomotion solenoid segmented robot

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Duplication of the common bile duct manifesting as recurrent pyogenic cholangitis:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第4期27卷 371-376页

作者： jun Seong Hwang Sung woo Ko Internal Medicine Inje University Haeundae Paik HospitalInje College of MedicineBusan 48108South Korea Internal Medicine Eunpyeong St.Mary's HospitalCatholic University of KoreaSeoul 03312South Korea

BACKGROUND Duplication of the extrahepatic bile duct(DCBD)is an extremely rare congenital anomaly of the biliary *** are five types of DCBD according to the latest *** them,Type V is characterized by single drainage of the extrahepatic bile *** on DCBD Type V are *** SUMMARY A 77-year-old woman presented with recurrent epigastric pain but without fever or *** tomography revealed a dilated common bile duct(CBD)that harboured multiple *** retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)was performed,and the stones were extracted using a Dormia *** was discharged without any complications;however,she visited the emergency department a day after she was discharged due to epigastric pain and *** findings were suggestive of *** urgent ERCP for stone removal,magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography was performed to evaluate remnant *** resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed a DCBD Type Va and remnant choledocholithiasis in the right *** CBDs were accessed,and the stones were cleared successfully during a subsequent *** In this article,we report an extremely rare case of DCBD manifesting as recurrent pyogenic *** case highlights the importance of recognizing DCBD because stones in the unrecognized bile duct could make the patient’s prognosis critical.

关键词： Double common bile duct Common bile duct disease Choledocholithiasis Cholangitis Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Case report

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Stress-induced cardiomyopathy with electrocardiographic ST-segment elevation in a patient with pneumothorax

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2020年第4期11卷 260-262页

作者： jun woo Cho Chi Hoon Bae Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery School of MedicineCatholic University of DaeguDaeguRepublic of Korea

Dear editor,In many cases,S T-segment changes on electrocardiogram(ECG)are suggestive of acute coronary syndrome,but there may be other causes,[12]such as stress induced ***,reports of such changes in patients with pneumothorax are very rare.[3-1]Here,we report a case of ST-segment elevation due to stress-induced cardiomyopathy in a patient with pneumothorax.

关键词： cardiomyopathy acute patient

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