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Develo.ment o. bio.edical hydro.els fo. rheumato.d arthritis treatment

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Asian Jo.rnal o. Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第1期19卷 35-48页

作者： Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig Lee Kiwong Abdul Wasy Zia Ho.gkai Wu Department o. Chemistry Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China Institute o. Mechanical Process and Energy Engineering(IMPEE)School of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUnited Kingdom

Rheumato.d Arthritis(RA)is an auto.mmune diso.der that hinders the no.mal functio.ing o. bo.es and jo.nts and reduces the quality o. human *** year,millio.s o. peo.le are diagno.ed with RA wo.ldwide,particularly amo.g elderly individuals and ***,there is a glo.al need to.develo. new bio.aterials,medicines and therapeutic metho.s fo. treating *** will impro.e the Healthcare Access and Quality Index and also.relieve administrative and financial burdens o. healthcare service pro.iders at a glo.al *** are so.t and cro.s-linked po.ymeric materials that can sto.e a chunk o. fluids,drugs and bio.o.ecules fo. hydratio. and therapeutic *** are bio.o.patible and exhibit excellent mechanical pro.erties,such as pro.iding elastic cushio.s to.articulating jo.nts by mimicking the natural syno.ial ***,hydro.els create a natural bio.o.ical enviro.ment within the syno.ial cavity to.reduce auto.mmune reactio.s and *** also.lubricate the articulating jo.nt surfaces to.prevent degradatio. o. syno.ial surfaces o. bo.es and cartilage,thus exhibiting high po.ential fo. treating *** wo.k reviews the pro.ress in injectable and implantable hydro.els,synthesis metho.s,types o. drugs,advantages and ***,it discusses the ro.e o. hydro.els in targeted drug delivery,mechanistic behavio.r and tribo.o.ical perfo.mance fo. RA treatment.

关键词： Rheumato.d arthritis o.tho.eadic jo.nts Hydro.el Therapeutics Mechanical pro.erties Medicine

Perfo.mance in the Fundamentals o. Laparo.co.ic Surgery: Do.s it reflect glo.al rating scales in the o.jective Structured Assessment o. Technical Skills in po.cine laparo.co.ic surgery?

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Asian Jo.rnal o. Uro.o.y 2024年第3期11卷 443-449页

作者： Ho.Yee Tio.g Wei Zheng So.Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teo. Shuji Iso.ani Gang Zhu Teng Aik o.g Eddie Shu-Yin Chan Peggy Sau-Kwan Chu Kittinut Kijvikai Ming Liu Bannakji Lo.anapiwat Michael wong Antho.y Chi-Fai Ng Yo.g Lo. Lin Scho.l o. Medicine Department of SurgeryNational University of SingaporeSingapore S.H.Ho.Uro.o.y Centre Department of SurgeryThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department o. Uro.o.y Juntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan Department o. Uro.o.y National University HospitalSingapore Department o. Uro.o.y Beijing United Family HospitalBeijingChina Department o. Surgery University of Malaya Specialist CentreKuala LumpurMalaysia Divisio. o. Uro.o.y Department of SurgeryTuen Mun HospitalHong Kong Department o. Uro.o.y Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversitySalayaThailand Department o. Uro.o.y Beijing HospitalBeijingChina Department o. Uro.o.y Chiangmai Ram HospitalChiang MaiThailand Internatio.al Uro.o.y Fertility&Gynaecology CentreSingapore

o.jective:To.co.relate the utility o. the Fundamentals o. Laparo.co.ic Surgery(FLS)manual skills pro.ram with the o.jective Structured Assessment o. Technical Skills(o.ATS)glo.al rating scale in evaluating o.erative ***:The Asian Uro.o.ical Surgery Training and Educatio.al Gro.p(AUSTEG)Laparo.co.ic Upper Tract Surgery Co.rse implemented and validated the FLS pro.ram fo. its usage in laparo.co.ic surgical ***’basic laparo.co.ic skills were assessed using three different training mo.els(peg transfer,precisio. cutting,and intra-co.po.eal suturing).They also.perfo.med live po.cine laparo.co.ic surgery at the same *** surgery skills were assessed by blinded faculty using the o.ATS rating ***:Fro. March 2016 to.March 2019,a to.al o. 81 certified uro.o.ists participated in the co.rse,with a median o. 5 years o. po.t-residency *** differences in task time did no. reach statistical significance,tho.e with mo.e surgical experience were visibly faster at co.pleting the peg transfer and intra-co.po.eal suturing FLS ***,they to.k lo.ger to.co.plete the precisio. cutting task than participants with less *** o.ATS sco.es co.related weakly with all three FLS tasks(peg transfer time:r=0.331,r^(2)=0.110;precisio. cutting time:r=0.240,r^(2)=0.058;suturing with intraco.po.eal kno. time:r=0.451,r^(2)=0.203).Co.clusio.:FLS task parameters did no. co.relate stro.gly with o.ATS glo.ing rating scale *** FLS task mo.els demo.strated stro.g validity,it is impo.tant to.assimilate the inco.sistencies when benchmarking technical pro.iciency against real-life o.erative co.petence,as evaluated by FLS and o.ATS,respectively.

关键词： TheFundamentalso. Laparo.co.ic Surgery The o.jective Structured Assessment o. Technical Skills Laparo.co.ic training Surgical educatio. Surgical training Uro.o.ical laparo.co.ic surgery

o.er 18.2%efficiency o. layer–by–layer all–po.ymer so.ar cells enabled by ho.o.eptic iridium(Ⅲ)carbene co.plex as so.id additive

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Science Bulletin 2024年第18期69卷 2862-2869页

作者： Hang Zho. Yingjie Sun Miao.Zhang Yuheng Ni Fenghua Zhang Sang Yo.ng Jeo.g Tianhuan Huang Xio.g Li Han Yo.ng Wo. Jian Zhang Wai-Yeung wong Xiao.ing Ma Fujun Zhang Key Labo.ato.y o. Luminescence and o.tical Info.matio.(Ministry o. Educatio.) Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Department o. Applied Bio.o.y and Chemical Techno.o.y and Research Institute fo. Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department o. Physics Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China o.ganic o.to.lectro.ic Materials Labo.ato.y Department of ChemistryCollege of ScienceKorea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Scho.l o. Materials Science and Engineering Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information Materials and DevicesMinistry of EducationGuangxi Key Laboratory of Information MaterialsGuilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China Tangshan Research Institute o. Beijing Jiao.o.g University Tangshan 063000China

The vertical phase distributio. o. active layers plays a vital ro.e in balancing excito. disso.iatio. and cha rge transpo.t fo. achieving efficient po.ymer so.ar cells(PSCs).The layer-by-layer(LbL)PSCs are co.mo.ly prepared by using sequential spin-co.ting metho. fro. do.o. and accepto. so.utio.s with distinct so.vents and so.vent *** enhanced excito. disso.iatio. is expected in the LbL PSCs with efficient charge transpo.t in the relatively neat do.o. o. accepto. *** this wo.k,a series o. LbL all-po.ymer so.ar cells(APSCs)were fabricated with PM6 as do.o. and PY-DT as accepto.,and triplet material m-Ir(CPmPB)_(3)is deliberately inco.po.ated into.PY-DT layer to.pro.o.g excito. lifetimes o. active *** po.er co.versio. efficiency(PCE)o. LbL APSCs is impro.ed to.18.24%fro. 17.32%by inco.po.ating 0.3 wt%m-Ir(CPMPB)_(3)in PY-DT layer,benefiting fro. the simultaneo.sly enhanced sho.t-circuit current density(Isc)o. 25.17 mA cm^(-2)and fill facto.(FF)o. 74.70%.The enhancement o. PCE is attributed to.the efficient energy transfer o. m-Ir(CPmPB)_(3)to.PM6 and PY-DT,resulting in the pro.o.ged excito. lifetime in the active layer and the increased excito. diffusio. *** efficient energy transfer fro. m-Ir(CPmPB)_(3)to.PM6 and PY-DT layer can be co.firmed by the increased pho.o.uminescence(PL)intensity and the pro.o.ged PL lifetime o. PM6 and PY-DT in PM6+m-Ir(CPmPB)_(3)and PY-DT+m-Ir(CPmPB)_(3)*** study indicates that the triplet material as so.id additive has great po.ential in fabricating efficient LbL APSCs by pro.o.ging excito. lifetimes in active layers.

关键词： Layer-by-layer All-po.ymer so.ar cells Additive strategy Triplet material Energy transfer

Superio. antibo.y and membrane pro.ein‑specific T‑cell respo.ses to.Co.o.aVac by intradermal versus intramuscular ro.tes in ado.escents

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Wo.ld Jo.rnal o. Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Ro.a Duque Samuel M.S.Cheng Caro.yn A.Co.en Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiao.eng Mu Yuet Chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang Yanmei Zhang Ho.ard H.W.wong Leo.C.H.Tsang Sara Chao.hai Tsz Chun Kwan Jo.n K.C.Li Karl C.K.Chan Leo.L.H.Luk Jenso. C.H.Ho.Wing Yan Li Amo. M.T.Lee Jennifer H.Y.Lam Sau Man Chan Wilfred H.S.wong Issan Y.S.Tam Masashi Mo.i So.hie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu Yu Lung Lau Department o. Paediatrics and Ado.escent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Scho.l o. Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑Pasteur Research Po.e School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute fo. Bio.eso.rces and Bio.echno.o.y Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department o. Micro.io.o.y and Immuno.o.y Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center fo. Immuno.o.y and Infectio. C2i Hong KongChina

Backgro.nd o.timising the immuno.enicity o. Co.ID-19 vaccines to.impro.e their pro.ectio. against disease is *** do.ing by intradermal(ID)administratio. has been sho.n to.be equally immuno.enic as intramuscular(IM)administratio. fo. several vaccines,but the immuno.enicity o. ID inactivated who.e severe acute respirato.y syndro.e co.o.avirus 2(SARS-Co.-2)at the full do.e is *** study(NCT04800133)investigated the superio.ity o. antibo.y and T-cell respo.ses o. full-do.e Co.o.aVac by ID o.er IM administratio. in *** Participants aged 11–17 years received two.do.es o. IM o. ID vaccine,fo.lo.ed by the 3rd do.e 13–42 days *** and cellular immuno.enicity o.tco.es were measured po.t-do.e 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and po.t-do.e 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Do.es 2 and 3 were administered to.173 and 104 ado.escents,*** Spike pro.ein(S)immuno.lo.ulin G(IgG),S-recepto.-binding do.ain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγrecepto. IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum o. individual(S),nucleo.apsid pro.ein(N),and membrane pro.ein(M)peptide po.l]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4^(+),SNM-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),S-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)respo.ses fulfilled the superio. and no.-inferio. criteria fo. ID-CC co.pared to.IM-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,S-RBD IgG,surro.ate virus neutralisatio. test,90%plaque reductio. neutralisatio. titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),interfero.-γ+CD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)respo.ses were superio. and no.-inferio. to.*** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%fo. IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID gro.ps repo.ted mo.e lo.al,mild adverse *** This is the first study to.demo.strate superio. antibo.y and M-specific T-cell respo.ses by ID inactivated SARSCo.-2 vaccinatio. and serves as the basis fo. future research to.impro.e the

关键词： Co.o.aVac Co.o.avirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

Ethical fro.tiers in liver transplantatio.

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Wo.ld Jo.rnal o. Transplantatio. 2024年第4期14卷 50-60页

作者： Ho. Po.g Nicho.as wong Surya Varma Selvakumar Pei Yi Lo. Jo.an Yi Jun Liau Matthias Yi Quan Liau Vishalkumar Girishchandra Shelat Lee Ko.g Chian Scho.l o. Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 308232Singapore Department o. General Surgery Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore Surgical Science Training Centre Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore

Liver transplantatio. represents a pivo.al interventio. in the management o. end-stage liver disease,o.fering a lifeline to.co.ntless *** significant strides in surgical techniques and o.gan pro.urement,ethical dilemmas and de-bates co.tinue to.undersco.e this life-saving *** the ethical terrain surro.nding this co.plex pro.edure is hence *** the nuances o. ethical principles o. justice,auto.o.y and beneficence that underpin transplant pro.o.o.s wo.ldwide,we explo.e the mo.ern challenges that plaques the wo.ld o. liver *** investigate the ethical dimensio.s o. o.gan transplantatio.,fo.using o. allo.atio.,emerging techno.o.ies,and decisio.-making ***,Sco.us,Web o. Science,Embase and Central were searched fro. database inceptio. to.February 29,2024 using the fo.lo.ing key-wo.ds:“liver transplant”,“transplantatio.”,“liver do.atio.”,“liver recipient”,“o.gan do.atio.”and“ethics”.Info.matio. fro. relevant articles surro.nding ethical discussio.s in the realm o. liver transplantatio.,especially with regards to.o.gan recipients and allo.atio.,o.gan do.atio.,transplant to.rism,new age techno.o.ies and develo.ments,were *** the definitio. o. death to.the lo.g term fo.lo. up o. o.gan recipients,liver transplantatio. has many ethical *** new transplant techniques,so.ietal acceptance and perceptio.s also.play a pivo.al ***,religio.s and regio.al facto.s including but no. limited to.beliefs,wealth and accessibility are extremely influential in public at-titudes to.ards do.atio.,xeno.ransplantatio.,stem cell research,and ado.ting artificial *** and addressing these perspectives whilst upho.ding bio.thical principles is essential to.ensure just distributio. and fair allo.atio. o. *** regulato.y o.ersight fo. ethical so.rcing o. o.gans,ensuring go.d patient selectio. and transplant techniques,and high-quality lo.g-term surveillance to.mitiga

关键词： “liver transplant” “transplan-tatio.” “liver do.atio.” “liver recipient” “o.gan do.atio.”and“ethics”

音樂放鬆療法對改善結腸鏡檢查者疼痛的效果研究

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镜湖医学 2024年第1期24卷 75-77页

作者：黃家駒澳門鏡湖醫院護理部中国

目的用音樂療法作為放鬆的介入方式,以減輕結腸鏡檢查者術中的不適,促進結腸鏡檢查的進程及改善舒適度。方法2021年4月12日~5月18日,於澳門某醫院對104位結腸鏡檢查者進行研究,分為研究組及對照組(每組各52人)。研究組結腸鏡檢查者介入... 详细信息

目的用音樂療法作為放鬆的介入方式,以減輕結腸鏡檢查者術中的不適,促進結腸鏡檢查的進程及改善舒適度。方法2021年4月12日~5月18日,於澳門某醫院對104位結腸鏡檢查者進行研究,分為研究組及對照組(每組各52人)。研究組結腸鏡檢查者介入音樂療法,對照組予常規照護,比較兩組疼痛評分(numerical rating scale,NRS)、收縮壓、舒張壓、心率及結腸鏡檢查進鏡時間的差異。結果兩組研究參與者在NRS疼痛評分、術中及術後血壓及心率無差異;兩組結腸鏡檢查的進鏡時間均數沒有顯著差異;但進鏡時間≦10分鐘組(非困難腸鏡組)與>10分鐘組(困難腸鏡組)則存在組間差異,在非困難腸鏡組中,研究組進鏡時間為6.2±1.6分鐘,對照組進鏡時間為7.2±1.6分鐘(T=-2.075,P<0.05);困難腸鏡組則沒有顯著差異。結論音樂放鬆療法對結腸鏡檢查者的疼痛緩解、血壓及心率穩定沒有顯著作用,但仍可縮短“非困難腸鏡”的進鏡時間。

关键词：音樂療法結腸鏡檢查疼痛進鏡時間

Co.prehensive Assessment o. Anxio.ytic Pro.erties in 4-HPAA Derivatives: Bridging in Vivo.Validatio. and Mo.ecular Do.king Analyses

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o.en Jo.rnal o. Medicinal Chemistry 2024年第3期14卷 29-44页

作者： Kawthar Alhussieni Rami Ayo.b Jamal Jilani Qais Jarrar o.hman Alhussinei Vetriselvan Subramaniyan Esra Nasraldin Khalil Sharafaldin Harshini Muruganantham Jureerat Kijso.po.n Ling Shing wong Department o. Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy Isra University Amman Jordan Department o. Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department o. Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaco.no.y Faculty of Pharmacy Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan Department o. Allied Medical Sciences Zarqa Private University Zarqa Jordan Department o. Medical Sciences School of Medical and Life Sciences Sunway University Bandar Sunway Malaysia Department o. Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice Faculty of Pharmacy Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Center fo. Glo.al Research Saveetha Medical College Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Chennai India Scho.l o. Nursing Metharath University Bangtoey Thailand Faculty o. Health and Life Sciences INTI International University Nilai Malaysia

Anxiety is a significant mental health issue that substantially affects an individual’s quality o. life. Feelings o. uneasiness, irritability, and sleep disturbances characterize it. 4-Hydro.yphenyl acetic acid (4-HPAA) is identified in brain cells as a physio.o.ical bypro.uct o. tyramine. This study hypo.hesizes that 4-HPAA may regulate anxiety due to.its anxio.ytic pro.erties, acting as a mo.ulato. o. the GABAergic system, which plays a crucial ro.e in the patho.hysio.o.y o. anxiety diso.ders. o.r study aims to.enhance the anxio.ytic effects o. 4-HPAA thro.gh chemical mo.ificatio. to.impro.e its pharmaco.inetic pro.erties. Three derivatives, namely Iso.ro.yl-4-hydro.y-[phenyl] acetate (IHPA), Iso.ro.yl-4-hydro.y-[phenyl] acetate (MPAA), and 4-metho.yphenyl acetate (MPHA), have been synthesized fro. 4-HPAA. This assessment will use well-established animal mo.els, specifically the Elevated Plus-Maze (EPM) and Zero.Maze (EZM) tests, selected fo. their validity in replicating anxiety-like sympto.s in animals. Chro.ic caffeine administratio. via drinking water (0.3 g/l fo. 14 days) was emplo.ed to.induce an anxiety state fo. testing purpo.es. IHPA and MPAA demo.strated significant anxio.yticactivity when tested in the EPM and EZM experiments. Mo.ecular do.king simulatio.s using Auto.o.k Vina indicated that 4-HPAA derivatives had do.king sco.es ranging fro. −5.8 to.−4.8 kcal/mo., co.pared to.the standard anxio.ytic medicatio. Diazepam, which sco.ed −7.1 kcal/mo.. These sco.es suggest a po.ential fo. 4-HPAA derivatives to.interact effectively with the Gamma-amino.utyric acid (GABA_A) recepto.. In co.clusio., o.r in vivo.and in silico.analyses indicate a pro.ising anxio.ytic po.ential fo. 4-HPAA derivatives.

关键词： Anxio.ytics 4-HPAA Mo.ecular Do.king Elevated Plus-Maze Zero.Maze Tests

An AI-empo.ered indo.r digital co.tact tracing system fo. Co.ID-19 o.tbreaks in residential care ho.es

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Infectio.s Disease Mo.elling 2024年第2期9卷 474-482页

作者： Jiahui Meng Justina Yat Wa Liu Lin Yang Man Sing wong Hilda Tsang Bo.u Yu Jincheng Yu Freddy Man-Hin Lam Daihai He Lei Yang Yan Li Gilman Kit-Hang Siu Stefano. Tyro.o.as Yao.Jie Xie David Man David H.K.Shum Scho.l o. Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Electro.ic and Info.matio. Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Research Centre o. Textiles fo. Future Fashio. The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department o. Land Surveying and Geo.Info.matics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department o. Applied Mathematics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina The Jo.key Club Scho.l o. Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department o. Rehabilitatio. Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department o. Co.puting The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department o. Health Techno.o.y and Info.matics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department o. Nutritio. and Fo.d Studies George Mason UniversityUSA Tung Wah Co.lege Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Mental Health Research Centre The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

An AI-empo.ered indo.r digital co.tact-tracing system was develo.ed using a centralized architecture and advanced lo.-energy Blueto.th techno.o.ies fo. indo.r po.itio.ing,with careful preservatio. o. privacy and data *** analyzed the co.tact pattern data fro. two.RCHs and investigated a Co.ID-19 o.tbreak in o.e study *** evaluate the effectiveness o. the system in co.taining o.tbreaks with minimal co.tacts under quarantine,a simulatio. study was co.ducted to.co.pare the impact o. different quarantine strategies o. o.tbreak co.tainment within *** significant difference in co.tact ho.rs between weekdays and weekends was o.served fo. so.e pairs o. RCH residents and staff during the two.week data co.lectio. *** significant difference between seco.dary cases and uninfected co.tacts was o.served in a Co.ID-19 o.tbreak in terms o. their demo.raphics and co.tact *** results based o. the co.lected co.tact data indicated that a thresho.d o. accumulative co.tact ho.rs o.e o. two.days prio. to.diagno.is o. the index case co.ld dramatically increase the efficiency o. o.tbreak co.tainment within RCHs by targeted iso.atio. o. the clo.e *** study demo.strated the feasibility and efficiency o. emplo.ing an AI-empo.ered system in indo.r digital co.tact tracing o. o.tbreaks in RCHs in the po.t-pandemic era.

关键词： Co.ID-19 Indo.r co.tact tracing Co.tact pattern o.tbreak co.tainment Artificial intelligence

Deep residual learning fo. deno.sing Mo.te Carlo.renderings

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Co.putatio.al Visual Media 2019年第3期5卷 239-255页

作者： Kin-Ming wong Tien-Tsin wong Artixels Hong Kong S.A.R.China Department o. Co.puter Science and Engineering the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong S.A.R.China

Learning-based techniques have recently been sho.n to.be effective fo. deno.sing Mo.te Carlo.rendering metho.s. Ho.ever, there remains a quality gap to.state-o.-the-art handcrafted deno.sers. In this paper, we pro.o.e a deep residual learning based metho. that o.tperfo.ms bo.h state-o.-the-art handcrafted deno.sers and learning-based *** the indirect nature o. existing learning-based metho.s(which e.g., estimate the parameters and kernel weights o. an explicit feature based filter), we directly map the no.sy input pixels to.the smo.thed o.tput. Using this direct mapping fo.mulatio., we demo.strate that even a simple-and-standard ResNet and three co.mo. auxiliary features(depth, no.mal,and albedo. are sufficient to.achieve high-quality deno.sing. This minimal requirement o. auxiliary data simplifies bo.h training and integratio. o. o.r metho. into.mo.t pro.uctio. rendering pipelines. We have evaluated o.r metho. o. unseen images created by a different renderer. Co.sistently superio. quality deno.sing is o.tained in all cases.

关键词： Mo.te Carlo rendering deno.sing deep learning deep residual learning filter-free deno.sing