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Recent advances in optical techniques for dynamically probing cellular mechanobiology

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Biomedical Engineering Communications 2024年第3期3卷 3-11页

作者： Fengqi Wang Qin Zhang Mo Yang Bohan Yin Siu Hong Dexter wong School of Medicine and Pharmacy Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China Department of Biomedical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China.

Cellular mechanotransduction characterized by the transformation of mechanical stimuli into biochemical signals,represents a pivotal and complex process underpinning a multitude of cellular *** process is integral to diverse biological phenomena,including embryonic development,cell migration,tissue regeneration,and disease pathology,particularly in the context of cancer metastasis and cardiovascular *** the profound biological and clinical significance of mechanotransduction,our understanding of this complex process remains *** recent development of advanced optical techniques enables in-situ force measurement and subcellular manipulation from the outer cell membrane to the organelles inside a *** this review,we delved into the current state-of-the-art techniques utilized to probe cellular mechanobiology,their principles,applications,and *** mainly examined optical methodologies to quantitatively measure the mechanical properties of cells during intracellular transport,cell adhesion,and *** provided an introductory overview of various conventional and optical-based techniques for probing cellular *** techniques have provided into the dynamics of mechanobiology,their potential to unravel mechanistic intricacies and implications for therapeutic intervention.

关键词： mechanobiology cell adhesion optical techniques live cell imaging cell fates

Recent progress of electronic materials based on 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole and its derivatives:synthesis and their application in organic light-emitting diodes

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Science China Chemistry 2021年第3期64卷 341-357页

作者： Youming Zhang Jun Song Junie Qu Peng-Cheng Qian wai-yeung wong Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy1 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University(PolyU)Hung HomHong KongChina PolyU Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057China College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering.Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratoty of Environmental Functional Materials Technology and Application of Wenzhou City Institute of New Materials&IndustiyCollege of Chemistry&Materials Engineering.Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China

2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole(BT)and its derivatives are very important acceptor units used in the development of photoluminescent compounds and are applicable for the molecular construction of organic light-emitting diodes,organic solar cells and organic field-effect *** to their strong electron-withdrawing ability,construction of molecules with the unit core of BT and its derivatives can usually improve the electronic properties of the resulting organic *** this contribution,we review the synthesis of various polymers,small molecules and metal complexes with BT and its derivatives and their applications in organic light-emitting ***,the molecular design rules based on these cores are discussed.

关键词： 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole organic light-emitting diodes synthesis electronic properties photoluminescence

A Survey on Recent Advances and Challenges in Reinforcement Learning Methods for Task-oriented Dialogue Policy Learning

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Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第3期20卷 318-334页

作者： wai-Chung Kwan Hong-Ru Wang Hui-Min Wang Kam-Fai wong The Systems Engineering and Engineering Management Department The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Dialogue policy learning(DPL)is a key component in a task-oriented dialogue(TOD)*** goal is to decide the next action of the dialogue system,given the dialogue state at each turn based on a learned dialogue *** learning(RL)is widely used to optimize this dialogue *** the learning process,the user is regarded as the environment and the system as the *** this paper,we present an overview of the recent advances and challenges in dialogue policy from the perspective of *** specifically,we identify the problems and summarize corresponding solutions for RL-based dialogue policy *** addition,we provide a comprehensive survey of applying RL to DPL by categorizing recent methods into five basic elements in *** believe this survey can shed light on future research in DPL.

关键词： Dialogue policy learning(DPL) task-oriented dialogue system(TOD) reinforcement learning(RL) dialogue system Markov decision process

Application of artifcial intelligence in cataract management:current and future directions

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Eye and Vision 2024年第1期10卷 21-30页

作者： Laura Gutierrez Jane Sujuan Lim Li Lian Foo Wei Yan Ng Michelle Yip Gilbert Yong San Lim Melissa Hsing Yi wong Allan Fong Mohamad Rosman Jodhbir Singth Mehta Haotian Lin Darren Shu Jeng Ting Daniel Shu Wei Ting Singapore Eye Research Institute SingaporeSingapore Singapore National Eye Center 11 Third Hospital AvenueSingapore 168751Singapore Academic Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yet Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

The rise of artifcial intelligence(AI)has brought breakthroughs in many areas of *** ophthalmology,AI has delivered robust results in the screening and detection of diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,glaucoma,and retinopathy of *** management is another feld that can beneft from greater AI *** is the leading cause of reversible visual impairment with a rising global clinical *** diagnosis,monitoring,and surgical management are necessary to address this *** addition,patients in large developing countries often sufer from limited access to tertiary care,a problem further exacerbated by the ongoing COVID-19 *** on the other hand,can help transform cataract management by improving automation,efcacy and overcoming geographical ***,AI can be applied as a telediagnostic platform to screen and diagnose patients with cataract using slit-lamp and fundus *** utilizes a deep-learning,convolutional neural network(CNN)to detect and classify referable cataracts ***,some of the latest intraocular lens formulas have used AI to enhance prediction accuracy,achieving superior postoperative refractive results compared to traditional ***,AI can be used to augment cataract surgical skill training by identifying diferent phases of cataract surgery on video and to optimize operating theater workfows by accurately predicting the duration of surgical ***,some AI CNN models are able to efectively predict the progression of posterior capsule opacifcation and eventual need for YAG laser *** advances in AI could transform cataract management and enable delivery of efcient ophthalmic *** key challenges include ethical management of data,ensuring data security and privacy,demonstrating clinically acceptable performance,improving the generalizability of AI models across heterogeneous populations,and improving the trust of e

关键词： Artifcial intelligence Telemedicine Cataract Cataract screening Cataract surgery IOL calculations Biometry Machine learning

Radar-based Characteristics and Formation Environment of Supercells in the Landfalling Typhoon Mujigae in 2015

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第5期39卷 802-818页

作者： Lanqiang BAI Zhiyong MENG Ruilin ZHOU Guixing CHEN Naigeng WU wai-Kin wong School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean SystemMinistry of Educationand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510640China Hong Kong Observatory Hong Kong 999077China

This study presents the radar-based characteristics and formation environment of supercells spawned by the tornadic landfalling Typhoon Mujigae(2015)in October *** than 100 supercells were identified within a 24-hour period around the time of the typhoon’s landfall,of which three were tornadic with a rotational intensity clearly stronger than those of non-tornadic *** identified supercells were concentrated within a relatively small area in the northeast quadrant beyond 140 km from the typhoon *** supercells were found more likely to form over flat topography and were difficult to maintain in mountainous *** the study period,more supercells formed offshore than *** mesocyclones of the identified supercells were characterized by a small diameter generally less than 5 km and a shallow depth generally less than 4 km above ground *** environmental analysis revealed that the northeast quadrant had the most favorable conditions for the genesis of supercell in this typhoon *** nondimensional supercell composite parameter(SCP)and entraining-SCP(E-SCP)were effective in separating supercell from non-supercell *** though the atmosphere in the typhoon’s northeast quadrant was characterized by an E-SCP/SCP value supportive of supercell organization,orography was an impeditive factor for the supercell *** findings support the use of traditional parameters obtained from midlatitude supercells to assess the supercell potential in a tropical cyclone envelope.

关键词： supercell tropical cyclone atmospheric environment radar meteorology

Early anticoagulation in patients with stroke and atrial fibrillation is associated with fewer ischaemic lesions at 1 month: the ATTUNE study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 30-37,I0034页

作者： Angelos Sharobeam Longting Lin Christina Lam Carlos Garcia-Esperon Yash Gawarikar Ronak Patel Matthew Lee-Archer Andrew wong Michael Roizman Amanda Gilligan Andrew Lee Kee Meng Tan Susan Day Christopher Levi Stephen M Davis Mark Parsons Bernard Yan Melbourne Brain Centre at Royal Melbourne Hospital ParkvilleVictoriaAustralia University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical School LiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology Calvary Public HospitalCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Department of Neurology Northern Hospital EppingEppingVictoriaAustralia Department of Neurology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalHerstonQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland School of Medicine HerstonQueenslandAustralia Neurosciences Clinical Institute Epworth HealthcareRichmondVirginiaAustralia Department of Neurology Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Department of Neurology Gold Coast University HospitalSouthportQueenslandAustralia The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School St LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology Liverpool HospitalLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background The optimal time to commence anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF)after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack(TIA)is unclear,with guidelines differing in recommendations.A limitation of previous studies is the focus on clinically overt stroke,rather than radiologically obvious diffusion-weighted imaging ischaemic *** aimed to quantify silent ischaemic lesions and haemorrhages on MRI at 1month in patients commenced on early(5mL,regardless of anticoagulation *** Commencing anticoagulation<4days after stroke or TIA is associated with fewer ischaemic lesions at 1month in AF *** is no increased rate of haemorrhage with early *** results suggest that early anticoagulation after mild-to-moderate acute ischaemic stroke associated w

关键词： patients lesions ischaemic

A fuzzy risk assessment model used for assessing the introduction of African swine fever into Australia from overseas

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2023年第1期7卷 27-34页

作者： Hongkun Liu YongLin Ren Huanhuan Chu Hu Shan Kok wai wong College of Veterinary Medicine Qingdao Agriculture UniversityQingdaoPR China Murdoch University 90 South StreetMurdochWestern Australia 6150Australia

African swine fever(ASF)is a contagious and lethal hemorrhagic disease with a high case fatality *** 2007,ASF has been spreading into many countries,especially in Europe and *** that there is no effective vaccine and treatment to deal with ASF,prevention is an important way for a country to avoid the effects of the *** is currently ASF-free but the disease has been reported in many neighboring countries,such as Indonesia,Timor-Leste,and Papua New ***,it is necessary for Australia to maintain hypervigilance to prevent the ASF *** this paper,we propose the use of fuzzy concepts to establish a fuzzy risk assessment model to predict the ASF introduction risk in *** the analysis,the international passengers(IP)and international import trade(IIT)are concluded as the two main ASF introduction factors based on transmission features and past *** the established fuzzy risk assessment model based on the analysis of the 2019 and 2020 data,the risks of ASF introduction into Australia are considered to be *** model further deduced that the Asian region was the major source of potential ***,in order to validate the effectiveness of the established fuzzy risk assessment model,the qualitative data from the Department for Environment,Food&Rural Affairs of the United Kingdom was *** the validation results,it has shown that the results were consistent when the same data is adopted,and thus proved that the functionality of the established fuzzy risk assessment model for assessing the risk in Australia.

关键词： Risk assessment Fuzzy model African swine fever(ASF) ASF introduction Australia

Statin, aspirin and metformin use and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma related outcomes following liver transplantation: A retrospective study

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 120-131页

作者： William Chung Kevin wong Noel Ravindranayagam Lauren Tang Josephine Grace Darren wong Danny Con Marie Sinclair Avik Majumdar Numan Kutaiba Samuel Hui Paul Gow Vijayaragavan Muralidharan Alexander Dobrovic Adam Testro Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Victorian Liver Transplant Unit Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Radiology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Monash HealthClayton 3168VictoriaAustralia Department of Surgery University of MelbourneAustin HealthHeidelberg 3048VictoriaAustralia Department of Surgery Beacon LaboratoryAustin PrecinctThe University of MelbourneAustin HospitalHeidelberg 3048VictoriaAustralia

BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)is a potentially curative therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HCC-recurrence following LT is associated with reduced *** is increasing interest in chemoprophylaxis to improve HCC-related outcomes *** To investigate whether there is any benefit for the use of drugs with proposed chemoprophylactic properties against HCC,and patient outcomes following *** This was a retrospective study of adult patients who received Deceased Donor LT for HCC from 2005-2022,from a single Australian *** use was defined as statin,aspirin or metformin therapy for≥29 days,within 24 months post-LT.A cox proportional-hazards model with time-dependent covariates was used for survival *** measures were the composite-endpoint of HCC-recurrence and all-cause mortality,HCC-recurrence and HCC-related *** analysis was performed to account for immortality time bias and statin *** Three hundred and five patients were included in this study,with 253(82.95%)males with a median age of 58.90 *** of liver disease were 150(49.18%)hepatitis C,73(23.93%)hepatitis B(HBV)and 33(10.82%)non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).56(18.36%)took statins,51(16.72%)aspirin and 50(16.39%)*** a median follow-up time of 59.90 months,34(11.15%)developed HCC-recurrence,48(15.74%)died,17(5.57%)from HCC-related ***,aspirin or metformin use was not associated with statistically significant differences in the composite endpoint of HCC-recurrence or all-cause mortality[hazard ratio(HR):1.16,95%CI:0.58-2.30;HR:1.21,95%CI:0.28-5.27;HR:0.61,95%CI:0.27-1.36],HCC-recurrence(HR:0.52,95%CI:0.20-1.35;HR:0.51,95%CI:0.14-1.93;HR 1.00,95%CI:0.37-2.72),or HCC-related mortality(HR:0.32,95%CI:0.033-3.09;HR:0.71,95%CI:0.14-3.73;HR:1.57,95%CI:0.61-4.04)*** dosing was not associated with statist-ically significant differences in HCC-related ***

关键词： Liver transplantation Hepatocellular carcinoma Transplant oncology Statins HMG-Co-A reductase Aspirin Metformin Mammalian target of rapamycin

Surgical intervention combined with weight-bearing walking training promotes recovery in patients with chronic spinal cord injury:a randomized controlled study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2773-2784页

作者： Hui Zhu James D.Guest Sarah Dunlop Jia-Xin Xie Sujuan Gao Zhuojing Luo Joe E.Springer Wutian Wu Wise Young wai Sang Poon Song Liu Hongkun Gao Tao Yu Dianchun Wang Libing Zhou Shengping Wu Lei Zhong Fang Niu Xiaomei Wang Yansheng Liu Kwok-Fai So Xiao-Ming Xu Kunming Tongren Hospital KunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure ParalysisMiller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA School of Biological Sciences The University of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia Minderoo Foundation PerthWAAustralia Clinical Center for Spinal Cord Injury Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military CommandKunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Orthopedic Spinal Surgery Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Kentucky College of MedicineLexingtonKYUSA Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina W.M.Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA Neurosurgery Department Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

For patients with chronic spinal cord injury,the co nventional treatment is rehabilitation and treatment of spinal cord injury complications such as urinary tract infection,pressure sores,osteoporosis,and deep vein *** is rarely perfo rmed on spinal co rd injury in the chronic phase,and few treatments have been proven effective in chronic spinal cord injury *** of effective therapies fo r chronic spinal co rd injury patients is *** conducted a randomized controlled clinical trial in patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal co rd injury to compare intensive rehabilitation(weight-bearing walking training)alone with surgical intervention plus intensive *** clinical trial was registered at ***(NCT02663310).The goal of surgical intervention was spinal cord detethering,restoration of cerebrospinal fluid flow,and elimination of residual spinal cord *** found that surgical intervention plus weight-bearing walking training was associated with a higher incidence of American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement,reduced spasticity,and more rapid bowel and bladder functional recovery than weight-bearing walking training ***,the surgical procedures and intensive rehabilitation were *** Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement was more common in T7-T11 injuries than in T2-T6 *** combined with rehabilitation appears to have a role in treatment of chronic spinal cord injury patients.

关键词： chronic spinal cord injury intensive rehabilitation locomotor training neurological recovery surgical intervention weightbearing walking training