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Efficacy of the Microbial Larvicide VectoMax®G against Anopheles gambiaes.l. and Culexspp. Larvae under Laboratory and Open Field Trial Experiments in the City of Yaoundé, Cameroon

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Advances in Entomology 2022年第1期10卷 34-51页

作者： Kopya Edmond Foko Dadji Gisele Aurelie Sonhafouo-Chiana Nadège Bamou Roland Djamouko-Djonkam Landre Talipouo Abdou Delogko Serges Njiokou Flobert Awono-Ambene Parfait wondji charles sinclair Antonio-Nkondjio Christophe Faculty of Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Paludisme Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC) Yaoundé Cameroun High Teacher School University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Vector Borne Diseases Laboratory of the Biology and Applied Ecology Research Unit (VBID-URBEA) Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Science of the University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases Yaoundé Cameroon Vector Group Liverpool School of Tropical medicine Pembroke Place Liverpool UK

Background: With the rapid expansion of insecticide resistance limiting the effectiveness of insecticide-based vector control interventions, integrated control strategies associating larviciding could be appropriate to improve current control efforts. The present experimental study assesses laboratory and field efficacy of the larvicide VectoMax®G on Anopheline and Culicine larval stages in Yaoundé. Methods: The effect of the larvicide VectoMax®G, a combination of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) and Bacillus sphaericus (Bs), on larval development was assessed during both laboratory and open field trial experiments. Laboratory experiments permitted the evaluation of five different concentrations with four replicates/experiments. Laboratory experiments were conducted with Anopheles coluzzii “Ngousso” and Culex quinquefasciatus laboratory strains. Open field trials were conducted using sixteen plastic containers with a diameter of 0.31 m buried in an array of four rows with 4 containe

关键词： VectoMax®G Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis Bacillus sphaericus Anopheles gambiae s.l. Culex Mosquitoes Yaoundé Camreroon

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Anopheles leesoniEvans 1931, a Member of the Anopheles funestusGroup, Is a Potential Malaria Vector in Cameroon

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Advances in Entomology 2022年第1期10卷 99-109页

作者： Edmond Kopya Cyrille Ndo Landre Djamouko-Djonkam Leslie Nkahe Parfait Awono-Ambene Flobert Njiokou charles sinclair wondji Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio Malaria ResearchLaboratory Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC) Yaoundé Cameroun Faculty of Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical medicine Liverpool L3 5QA UK Vector Borne Infectious Disease Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Biology and Ecology (VBID-LABEA) Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Background: Understanding the biology of Anopheles malaria vector species is essential to planning effective and sustainable malaria control strategies in endemic countries. This study reported the implication of Anopheles leesoni in malaria transmission in Cameroon, Central Africa. Methods: Mosquitoes were collected in three localities from May 2015 to March 2018 using electric aspirators and Centers for Disease Control light traps (CDC-LT). Anopheles funestus sensu lato (s.l.) mosquitoes were identified as species using polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR). Furthermore, Plasmodium falciparum infection status was determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results: A total of 12,744 Anopheles mosquitoes were collected by electric aspirator (N = 4844) and CDC-LT (N = 7900).

关键词： Anopheles funestus Group Anopheles leesoni Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Transmission Cameroon

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High efficacy of chlorfenapyr-based net Interceptor■G2 against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors from Cameroon

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第4期12卷 1-16页

作者： Magellan Tchouakui Riccado F.Thiomela Elysee Nchoutpouen Benjamin D.Menze Cyrille Ndo Dorothy Achu Raymond N.Tabue Flobert Njiokou Ateba Joel charles S.wondji Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases(CRID) P.O.Box 13501YaoundéCameroon Department of Animal Biology and Physiology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaoundé1P.O.Box 812YaoundéCameroon Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of DoualaP.O.Box 24157DoualaCameroon Ministry of Public Health National Malaria Control ProgrammeP.O.Box 14386YaoundeCameroon Department of Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical MedicinePembroke PlaceLiverpoolL35QAUK International Institute of Tropical Agriculture(IITA) P.O.Box 2008YaoundéCameroon

Background The increasing reports of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides associated with reduced efficacy of pyrethroid-only interventions highlight the urgency of introducing new non-pyrethroid-only control ***,we investigated the performance of piperonyl-butoxide(PBO)-pyrethroid[Permanet 3.0(P3.0)]and dual active ingredients(AI)nets[Interceptor G2(IG2):containing pyrethroids and chlorfenapyr and Royal Guard(RG):containing pyrethroids and pyriproxyfen]compared to pyrethroid-only net Royal Sentry(RS)against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors in *** The efficacy of these tools was firstly evaluated onAnopheles gambiae *** funestus *** Gounougou,Mibellon,Mangoum,Nkolondom,and Elende using cone/tunnel *** addition,experimental hut trials(EHT)were performed to evaluate the performance of unwashed and 20 times washed nets in semi-field ***,pyrethroid-resistant markers were genotyped in dead vs alive,blood-fed vs unfed mosquitoes after exposure to the nets to evaluate the impact of these markers on net *** XLSTAT software was used to calculate the various entomological outcomes and the Chi-square test was used to compare the efficacy of various *** odds ratio and Fisher exact test were then used to establish the statistical significance of any association between insecticide resistance markers and bed net *** Interceptor G2 was the most effective net against wild *** followed by Permanet *** EHT,this net induced up to 87.8%mortality[95%confidence interval(CI):83.5-92.1%)and 55.6%(95%CI:48.5-62.7%)after 20 washes whilst unwashed pyrethroid-only net(Royal Sentry)killed just 18.2%(95%CI:13.4-22.9%)of *** unwashed Permanet 3.0 killed up to 53.8%(95%CI:44.3-63.4%)of field-resistant mosquitoes and 47.2%(95%CI:37.7-56.7%)when washed 20 times,and the Royal Guard 13.2%(95%CI:9.0-17.3%)for unwashed net and 8.5%(95%CI:5.7-11.4%)for t

关键词： Malaria Anopheles Insecticide resistance Dual active ingredient nets Interceptor G2

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Comparative study of the effect of solvents on the efficacy of neonicotinoid insecticides against malaria vector populations across Africa

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第2期11卷 23-31页

作者： Magellan Tchouakui Tatiane Assatse Leon M.J.Mugenzi Benjamin D.Menze Daniel Nguifo-Nguete Williams Tchapga Jonathan Kayondo Francis Watsenga Emile Zola Manzambi Michael Osae charles S.wondji Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases(CRID) P.O.Box 13501YaoundeCameroon Parasitology and Ecology Laboratory Department of Animal Biology and PhysiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaounde 1P.O.Box 812YaoundeCameroon Institut National de Recherche Biomedicale KinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo Radiation Entomology and Pest Management Centre Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research InstituteGhana Atomic Energy CommissionP.O.Box LG80Legon-AccraGhana Department of Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical MedicinePembroke PlaceLiverpool L35QAUK International Institute of Tropical Agriculture(IITA) P.O.Box 2008YaoundeCameroon Entomology Department Uganda Virus Research Institute(UVRI)P.O.Box 49EntebbeUganda.

Background:New insecticides with a novel mode of action such as neonicotinoids have recently been recommended for public health by *** monitoring of such novel insecticides requires a robust protocol to monitor the development of resistance in natural *** this study,we comparatively used three different solvents to assess the susceptibility of malaria vectors to neonicotinoids across ***:Mosquitoes were collected from May to July 2021 from three agricultural settings in Cameroon(Njombe-Penja,Nkolondom,and Mangoum),the Democratic Republic of Congo(Ndjili-Brasserie),Ghana(Obuasi),and Uganda(Mayuge).Using the CDC bottle test,we compared the effect of three different solvents(ethanol,acetone,MERO)on the efficacy of neonicotinoids againstAnopheles gambiae *** addition,TaqMan assays were used to genotype key pyrethroid-resistant markers *** and odds ratio based on Fisher exact test were used to evaluate potential cross-resistance between pyrethroids and ***:Lower mortality was observed when using absolute ethanol or acetone alone as solvent for clothianidin(11.4-51.9% mortality in Nkolondom,31.7-48.2% in Mangoum,34.6-56.1% in Mayuge,39.4-45.6% in Obuasi,83.7-89.3% in Congo and 71.1-95.9% in Njombe pendja)compared to acetone+MERO for which 100% mortality were observed for all the *** observations were done for imidacloprid and *** assays(PBO,DEM and DEF)with clothianidin revealed a significant increase of mortality suggesting that metabolic resistance mechanisms are contributing to the reduced susceptibility.A negative association was observed between the L1014F-kdr mutation and clothianidin resistance with a greater frequency of homozygote resistant mosquitoes among the dead than among survivors(OR=0.5;P=0.02).However,the I114T-GSTe2 was in contrast significantly associated with a greater ability to survive clothianidin with a higher frequency of homozygote resistant among surv

关键词： Malaria Anopheles Insecticide resistance Neonicotinoids Clothianidin Cross-resistance

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High insecticide resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii in Chad Republic

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第6期8卷 39-50页

作者： Sulaiman S.Ibrahim Amen N.Fadel Magellan Tchouakui Ebai Terence Murielle J.wondji Micareme Tchoupo Clement Kerah-Hinzoumbe Samuel Wanji charles S.wondji Vector Biology Department Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine(LSTM)Liverpool L35 QAUK Department of Biochemistry Bayero UniversityKano PMB 3011Nigeria Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases(CRID) LSTM Research UnitP.O.Box 13591YaoundeCameroon Department of Microbiology and Parasitology University of BueaP.O.Box 63BueaCameroon National Malaria Control Program P.O.Box 2030N'djamenaChad

Background:The Sahel region of Chad Republic is a prime candidate for malaria *** facilitate preelimination efforts in this region,two populations o f A nopheles coluzzii from Central Chad Republic were characterized,their insecticide resistance profile and the possible molecular mechanisms driving the resistance in the field ***:Bloodfed female Anopheles gom biae *** indoor,were collected at N'djamena and Massakory,Chad in 2018 and characterized for species composition,and infection rate was determined using the TaqMan *** to various insecticides was assessed using WHO tube *** bioassays were conducted using various long-lasting insecticidal nets(LLINs).Results were analysed using Chi Square *** resistance(kdr)and ace-1 markers were investigated by TaqMan ***:Anopheles coluzzi was the major vector found in N’djamena(100%)and Massakory(〜94%).N〇Plasm odium was found in 147 bloodfed F0 ***(82 from N'djamena and 65 from Massakory).High intensity pyrethroid resistance was observed with mortalities of<2%for permethrin,deltamethrin and etofenprox,and with<50%and<60%dead following exposure to 10x diagnostic doses of deltamethrin and permethrin,*** both sites,<10%mortalities were observed with *** bioassays with piperonylbutoxide significantly recovered pyrethroid susceptibility in Massakory populations,implicating CYP450s(mortality=13.6%for permethrin,X^2=22.8,df=1,P=0.0006;mortality=13.0%for deltamethrin,x2:8.8,df=1,P<0.00031).Cone-bioassays established complete loss of efficacy of the pyrethroid-based LLINs;and a 100%recovery of susceptibility following exposure to the roof of PermaNet®3.0/containing *** populations were susceptible to malathion,but high bendiocarb resistance was observed in Massakory *** absence o f a ce-1 mutation points to the role of metabolic resistance in the bendiocarb *** 1014F and

关键词： Anopheles coluzzii Malaria Sahel Chad Insecticide Resistance Metabolic Kdr

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First detection of F1534C knockdown resistance mutation in Aedes aegypti(Diptera:Culicidae)from Cameroon

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第6期9卷 51-62页

作者： Aurelie P.Yougang Basile Kamgang Theodel A.Wilson Bahun Armel N.Tedjou Daniel Nguiffo-Nguete Flobert Njiokou charles S.wondji Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases P.O.Box 13591YaoundéCameroon Parasitology and Ecology Laboratory Department of Animal Biology and PhysiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaoundé1P.O.Box 812YaoundéCameroon Laboratory of Vertebrate and Invertebrate Bioecology Faculty of Science and TechnologyMarien-Ngouabi UniversityBrazzavilleCongo Laboratory of Biology and Applied Ecology Department of Animal BiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of DschangP.O.Box 96DschangCameroon Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Pembroke placeLiverpoolL35QAUK

Background: Aedes borne viral diseases,notably dengue,are increasingly reported in Cameroon with Aedes aegypti being a major *** on insecticide resistance of this vector and underlying mechanisms needed for outbreak preparedness remain scarce in ***,we present the nationwide distribution of insecticide resistance in *** and investigate the potential resistance mechanisms ***:: Immature stages of *** were collected between March and July 2017 in 13 locations across Cameroon and reared until G1/G2/G3 ***,adult bioassays,and piperonyl butoxide(PBO)synergist assays were carried out according to World Health Organization guidelines.F1534C mutation was genotyped using allele specific polymerase chain reaction in field collected adults(Go)and the polymorphism of the sodium channel gene was ***χ2 test was used to compare the mortality rate between bioassays with insecticides only and bioassays after preexposure to PBO ***: Larval bioassay revealed that all the three populations tested with temephos were *** bioassays showed a good level of susceptibility toward both pyrethroids tested,0.25%permethrin and 0.05%deltamethrin,with six out of 10 populations ***,two populations(Douala and Edéa)were resistant(deltamethrin[73.2–92.5%mortality],permethrin[2.6–76.3%mortality]).The resistance to 4%dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane was observed in four out of 10 populations tested(16.8–87.1%mortality).Resistance was also reported to carbamates including 0.1%propoxur(60.8–87.1%mortality)and to 0.1%bendiocarb(82.9%mortality).All populations tested were fully susceptible to 1%fenitrothion.A partial recovery of susceptibility was observed in the pyrethroid resistant population of Douala after pre-exposed to PBO suggesting the implication of cytochrome P450 monoxygenases permethrin *** and sequencing detected the F1534C kdr mutation in the two pyrethroid resistant

关键词： Aedes aegypti Insecticide resistance Kdr mutation Cameroon Arbovirus

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Contrasting resistance patterns to type Ⅰ and Ⅱ pyrethroids in two major arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in the Republic of the Congo, Central Africa

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第2期9卷 95-95页

作者： Basile Kamgang Theodel A.Wilson-Bahun Aurelie P.Yougang Arsene Lenga charles S.wondji Centre for Research in Infeaious Diseases Department of Medical EntomologyPO Box 15391YaoundeCameroon 不详

Background:In the Republic of Congo,with two massive outbreaks of chikungunya observed this decade,little is known about the insecticide resistance profile of the two major arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes ***,we established the resistance profile of both species to insecticides and explored the resistance mechanisms to help Congo to better prepare for future ***:Immature stages o f *** and *** were sampled in May 2017 in eight cities of the Republic of the Congo and reared to adult *** and adult bioassays,and synergist(piperonyl butoxide[PBO])assays were carried out according to WHO guidelines.F1534C mutation was genotyped in field collected adults in both species and the polymorphism of the sodium channel gene assessed in ***:All tested populations were susceptible to temephos after larval bioassays.A high resistance level was observed to 4%DDT in both species countrywide(21.9-88.3% mortality).All but one population(*** from Ngo)exhibited resistance to type I pyrethroid,permethrin,but showed a full susceptibility to type II pyrethroid(deltamethrin)in almost all *** was also reported to 1% propoxur in *** likewise in two *** populations(Owando and Ouesso),and the remaining were fully *** populations of both species were fully susceptible to 1%fenitrothion.A full recovery of susceptibility was observed in *** and *** when pre-exposed to PBO and then to propoxur and permethrin *** F1534C kdr mutation was not detected in either *** high genetic variability of the portion of sodium channel spanning the F1534C in *** further supported that knockdown resistance probably play no role in the permethrin ***:Our study showed that both Aedes species were susceptible to organophosphates(temephos and fenitrothion),while for other insecticide classes tested the profile of resistance vary a

关键词： Aedes oegypti Aedes albopictus Insecticide resistance Resistance mechanism Republic of the Congo

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Spatial distribution of Anopheles gambige sensu lato larvae in the urban environment of Yaounde,Cameroon

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第5期8卷 93-93页

作者： Landre Djamouko-Djonkam Souleman Mounchili-Ndam Nelly Kala-Chouakeu Stella Mariette Nana-Ndjangwo Edmond Kopya Nadege Sonhafouo-Chiana Abdou Talipouo Carmene Sandra Ngadjeu Patricia Doumbe-Belisse Roland Bamou Jean Claude Toto Timoleon Tchuinkam charles sinclair wondji Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio Malaria Research Laboratory Organization for the fight against Endemic diseases in Central Africa(OCEAC)P.O.Box 288YaoundeCameroon Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical medicine Pembroke Place Liverpool L35QAUK 不详

Background:The rapid and unplanned urbanization of African cities is considered to increase the risk of urban malaria *** present study objective was to assess factors influencing the spatio-temporal distribution of Anopheles gombioe *** in the city of Yaounde,***:All water bodies were checked once every 2 months for the presence of mosquito larvae from March 2017 to May 2018 in 32 distrias of ***-chemical characteristics including the size,depth,turbidity,pH,temperature,conductivity,sulfates,organophosphates,hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),conductivity,iron and calcium were recorded and analyzed according to anopheline larvae presence or *** resolution satellite images from landsat sentinel Enhanced Thematic Mapper were used for spatial mapping of both field and environmental *** and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify variables closely associated with anopheline larvae ***:A total of 18696 aquatic habitats were checked and only 2942 sites(15.7%)contained anopheline larvae.A high number of sites with anopheline larvae(>69%)presented late instar larvae(L3,L4 and pupae).Anopheline mosquito larvae were sampled from a variety of breeding sites including puddles(51.6%),tire prints(12.9%),wells(11.7%)and drains(11.3%).Bivariate logistic regression analyses associated anopheline larvae presence with the absence of predators,absence of algae,absence of vegetation and depth of less than 1 ***,turbidity,organophosphates,H2O2 and temperature were significantly high in breeding sites with anopheline larvae than in breeding sites without these larvae(P<0.1).Anopheline species colleaed included ***(91.1%)and *** s.s.(8.9%).GIS mapping indicated a heterogeneous distribution of anopheline breeding habitats in the city of *** cover analysis indicated high variability of the city of Yaounde's ***:The data confirms adaptation of

关键词： Larval habitat Anopheles dynamics Urban environment Malaria GIS Yaounde Cameroon

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