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Estimating the instantaneous reproduction number(R_(t))by using particle filter

Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第4期8卷 1002-1014页

作者： Yong Sul won Woo-Sik Son Sunhwa Choi jong-Hoon Kim National Institute for Mathematical Sciences DaejeonSouth Korea International Vaccine Institute SeoulSouth Korea

Background:Monitoring the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)requires accurate estimation of the effective reproduction number(Rt).However,existing methods for calculating Rt may yield biased estimates if important real-world factors,such as delays in confirmation,pre-symptomatic transmissions,or imperfect data observation,are not ***:To include real-world factors,we expanded the susceptible-exposed-infectiousrecovered(SEIR)model by incorporating pre-symptomatic(P)and asymptomatic(A)states,creating the SEPIAR *** utilizing both stochastic and deterministic versions of the model,and incorporating predetermined time series of Rt,we generated simulated datasets that simulate real-world challenges in estimating *** then compared the performance of our proposed particle filtering method for estimating Rt with the existing EpiEstim approach based on renewal ***:The particle filtering method accurately estimated Rt even in the presence of data with delays,pre-symptomatic transmission,and imperfect *** evaluating via the root mean square error(RMSE)metric,the performance of the particle filtering method was better in general and was comparable to the EpiEstim approach if perfectly deconvolved infection time series were provided,and substantially better when Rt exhibited short-term fluctuations and the data was right ***:The SEPIAR model,in conjunction with the particle filtering method,offers a reliable tool for predicting the transmission trend of COVID-19 and assessing the impact of intervention *** approach enables enhanced monitoring of COVID-19 transmission and can inform public health policies aimed at controlling the spread of the disease.

关键词： Particle filter Sequential Monte Carlo Effective reproduction number COVID-19 Transmission model Compartment model

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Kinetics modeling for the mixed reforming of methane over Ni-CeO_2/MgAl_2O_4 catalyst

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2011年第1期20卷 9-17页

作者： Hye Jin Jun Myung-June Park Seung-Chan Baek jong Wook Bae Kyoung-Su Ha Ki-won Jun Department of Chemical Engineering Ajou University Petroleum Displacement Technology Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)

Kinetics model was developed for the mixed （steam and dry） reforming of methane, which is useful for the control of H2/CO ratio. The equilibrium constants of reaction rate were determined using the experimental equilibrium data at different reaction temperatures, while the forward reaction rate constants were estimated using the experimental data under non-equilibrium （high inert fraction and high space velocity） conditions. The comparison between calculated and experimental data clearly showed that the developed model described satisfactorily, and further analysis using the parametric sensitivity determined the wall temperature and CO2 fraction in the feed gas as effective parameters for the manipulation of CH4 conversion and H2/CO ratio of synthesis gas under the equilibrium condition. Meanwhile, the inert fraction, rather than the residence time, was selected as additional parameter under non-equilibrium condition.

关键词： mixed reforming nickel-based catalyst kinetics modeling parameter estimation parametric sensitivity

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Overcoming the fundamental light-extraction efficiency limitations of deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes by utilizing transverse-magnetic-dominant emission

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Light(Science & Applications) 2015年第1期4卷 422-429页

作者： Dong Yeong Kim Jun Hyuk Park jong won Lee Sunyong Hwang Seung Jae Oh Jungsub Kim Cheolsoo Sone EFred Schubert jong Kyu Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 790-784Korea LED Business Samsung ElectronicsYongin 446-920Korea Future Chips Constellation Department of ElectricalComputerand Systems EngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA

While the demand for deep ultraviolet(DUV)light sources is rapidly growing,the efficiency of current AlGaN-based DUV light-emitting diodes(LEDs)remains very low due to their fundamentally limited light-extraction efficiency(LEE),calling for a novel LEE-enhancing approach to deliver a real ***,we propose sidewall emission-enhanced(SEE)DUV LEDs having multiple light-emitting mesa stripes to utilize inherently strong transverse-magnetic polarized light from the AlGaN active region and three-dimensional reflectors between the *** SEE DUV LEDs show much enhanced light output power with a strongly upward-directed emission due to the exposed sidewall of the active region and Al-coated selective-area-grown n-type GaN *** devices also show reduced operating voltage due to better n-type ohmic contact formed on the regrown n-GaN stripes when compared with conventional ***,the proposed approach simultaneously improves optical and electrical *** addition,strategies to further enhance the LEE up to the theoretical optimum value and control emission directionality are discussed.

关键词： deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes light-extraction efficiency

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Rapid re-emergence of YMDD mutation of hepatitis B virus with hepatic decompensation after lamivudine retreatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第27期14卷 4416-4419页

作者： So Young Kwon won Hyeok Choe Chang Hong Lee jong Eun Yeon Kwan Soo Byun Department of Internal Medicine Konkuk University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Korea University College of Medicine

Lamivudine has a high rate of antiviral resistance. Sequential treatment of anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) is commonly used for lamivudine resistance. We report 4 cases of patients with rapid redetection of HBV mutants during the lamivudine retreatment. The four patients received lamivudine as an initial treatment of HBV and adefovir and lamivudine as a rescue therapy consecutively. HBV-DNA level, YMDD mutations and adefovir -resistant mutations (RFMP) were tested every 3 mo during the sequential treatment. All the patients showed YMDD mutations during the initial lamivudine therapy. After adefovir therapy for lamivudine resistance, they showed viral breakthrough. Adefovir was switched to lamivudine, however, it did not induce viral suppression at all, rather increased HBV-DNA with rapid reemergence of the YMDD mutations. All the patients had ALT flares, and hepatic decompensation occurred in two patients. After switching to adefovir combined with entecavir or lamivudine for a rescue therapy, the patients had reduction in HBV-DNA and ALT improvement. These cases demonstrated that lamivudine retreatment of patients with preexposed lamivudine resistance leads to rapid reemergence of YMDD mutation with significant viral rebounds and subsequent hepatic decompensation. Sequential administration of lamivudine in patients with a prior history of YMDD mutation should be abandoned.

关键词： Hepatitis B Lamivudine Adefovir dipivoxil Mutations

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Unassisted overall water splitting with a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of over 10% by coupled lead halide perovskite photoelectrodes

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Carbon Energy 2023年第1期5卷 134-143页

作者： Ryan rhee Tae G.Kim Gyu Y.Jang Gwangmin Bae Jung H.Lee Sunje Lee Sungsoon Kim Seokwoo Jeon jong H.Park Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering KAIST Institute for The Nanocentury(KINC)Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea

Hydrogen is a promising future sustainable fuel candidate with boundless *** into photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting based on a lead halide perovskite(LHP)has progressed significantly with the aim of more efficient solar hydrogen ***,we unite a well-known photo-absorbing LHP with cost-effective water-splitting catalysts,and we introduce two types of monolithic LHP-based PEC devices that act as a photocathode and a photoanode for the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction,leading to efficient unbiased overall water *** the integration of these two monolithic LHP-based photoelectrodes,an unbiased solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 10.64%and a photocurrent density of 8.65 mA cm^(−2) are achieved.

关键词： perovskite photoelectrochemical cell photoelectrode unassisted

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Prostate-specific antigen density predicts favorable pathology and biochemical recurrence in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 480-484,I0012页

作者： Ho won Kang Hae Do Jung Joo Yong Lee jong Kyou Kwon Seong Uk Jeh Kang Su Cho won Sik Ham Young Deuk Choi Department of Urology Chungbuk National University College of Medicine Cheongju Korea Department of Urology Severance Hospital Urological Science InstituteYonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea Department of Urology. Inje university Haeundae Paik Hospital Busan Korea Department of Urology Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju Korea Department of Urology Gangnam Severance Hospital Urological Science Institute Yonsei University Uollege of Medicine Seoul Korea Robot and Minimal Invasive Surgery Center Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea.

This study was designed to identify clinical predictors of favorable pathology and biochemical recurrence （BCR） in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer （IRPCa）. Between 2006 and 2012, clinicopathological and oncological data from 203 consecutive men undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy （RARP） for IRPCa were reviewed in a single-institutional retrospective study. Favorable pathology was defined as Gleason score 〈6 and organ-confined cancer as detected by surgical pathology. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictive variables of favorable pathology, and the Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression model were used to estimate BCR-free survival after RARP. Overall, 38 patients （18.7%） had favorable pathology after RARP. Lower quartile prostate-specific antigen density （PSAD） was associated with favorable pathology compared to the highest quartile PSAD after adjusting for preoperative PSA, clinical stage and biopsy Gleason score （odds ratio, 5.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-28.97; P = 0.048）. During a median 37.8 （interquartile range, 24.6-60.2） months of follow-up, 66 patients experienced BCR. There were significant differences with regard to BCR free survival by PSAD quartiles （log rank, P = 0.003）. Using a multivariable Cox proportion hazard model, PSAD was found to be an independent predictor of BCR in patients with IRPCa after RARP （hazard ratio, 4.641; 95% confidence interval, 1.109-19.417; P = 0.036）. The incorporation of the PSAD into risk assessments might provide additional prognostic information and identify some patients in whom active surveillance would be appropriate in patients with IRPCa.

关键词： biochemical recurrence prostatectomy prostate-specific antigen prostate-specific antigen density prostatic neoplasms

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Realizing High Thermoelectric Performance in n-Type Se-Free Bi_(2)Te_(3)Materials by Spontaneous Incorporation of FeTe_(2)Nanoinclusions

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 344-354页

作者： Jamil Ur Rahman Woo Hyun Nam Yong-Jae Jung jong Ho won jong-Min Oh Nguyen Van Du Gul Rahman Víctor M.García-Suárez Ran He Kornelius Nielsch Jung Young Cho won-Seon Seo jong Wook Roh Sang-il Kim Soonil Lee Kyu Hyoung Lee Hyun Sik Kim Weon Ho Shin Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden 01069Germany Advanced Materials Convergence R&D Division Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering&TechnologyJinju 52861South Korea Department of Electronic Materials Engineering Kwangwoon UniversitySeoul 01897South Korea Department of Energy Engineering Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116South Korea Faculty of Fundamental Science Phenikaa UniversityHanoi 10000Vietnam Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan Departamento de FAısica Universidad de OviedoOviedo 33007Spain Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center-CINN El Entrego 33940Spain Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722South Korea School of Nano&Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversitySangju 37224South Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of SeoulSeoul 02504South Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Changwon National UniversityChangwon 51140South Korea

Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based materials have drawn much attention from the thermoelectric community due to their excellent thermoelectric performance near room ***,the stability of existing n-type Bi_(2)(Te,Se)_(3)materials is still low due to the evaporation energy of Se(37.70 kJ mol^(-1))being much lower than that of Te(52.55 kJ mol^(-1)).The evaporated Se from the material causes problems in interconnects of the module while degrading the ***,we have developed a new approach for the high-performance and stable n-type Se-free Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based materials bymaximizing the electronic transport while suppressing the phonon transport,at the same *** generated FeTe_(2)nanoinclusions within the matrix during the melt-spinning and subsequent spark plasma sintering is the key to simultaneous engineering of the power factor and lattice thermal *** nanoinclusions change the fermi level of the matrix while intensifying the phonon scattering via *** a fine-tuning of the fermi level with Cu doping in the n-type Bi_(2)Te_(3)-0.02FeTe_(2),a high power factor of∼41×10^(-4)Wm^(-1)K^(-2)with an average zT of 1.01 at the temperature range 300-470 K are achieved,which are comparable to those obtained in n-type Bi_(2)(Te,Se)_(3)*** proposed approach enables the fabrication of high-performance n-type Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based materials without having to include volatile Se element,which guarantees the stability of the ***,widespread application of thermoelectric devices utilizing the n-type Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based materials will become possible.

关键词： Bi_(2)Te_(3) energy harvesting FeTe_(2) nanoinclusion n-type materials thermoelectric

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Fabrication of practical deformable displays:advances and challenges

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第5期12卷 716-728页

作者： Dong Wook Kim Seong won Kim Gyujeong Lee Jangyeol Yoon Sangwoo Kim jong-Ho Hong Sung-Chan Jo Unyong Jeong Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)77 Cheongam-roNam-gu37673 PohangGyeongbukRepublic of Korea Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent SystemsHisenbergstr.370569 StuttgartGermany Advanced Research Team Samsung Display Corporation1 Samsung-roYongin-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea

Display form factors such as size and shape have been conventionally determined in consideration of usability and *** recent trends requiring wearability and convergence of various smart devices demand innovations in display form factors to realize deformability and large *** displays that are foldable,multi-foldable,slidable,or rollable have been commercialized or on the edge of product *** such two-dimensional(2D)expansion of displays,efforts have been made to develop three dimensional(3D)free-form displays that can be stretched and crumpled for use in realistic tactile sensation,artificial skin for robots,and on-skin or implantable *** review article analyzes the current state of the 2D and 3D deformable displays and discusses the technological challenges to be achieved for industrial commercialization.

关键词： artificial sensation dimensional

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Influence of a UV-ozone treatment on amorphous SnO_(2) electron selective layers for highly efficient planar MAPbI3 perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第24期59卷 195-202页

作者： Kyungeun Jung Du Hyeon Kim Jaemin Kim Sunglim Ko Jae won Choi Ki Chul Kim Sang-Geul Lee Man-jong Lee Department of Advanced Technology Fusion Konkuk UniversitySeoul05029Republic of Korea a Department of Chemistry Konkuk UniversitySeoul05029Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Design and Production Engineering Konkuk UniversitySeoul05029Republic of Korea Division of Chemical Engineering Konkuk UniversitySeoul05029Republic of Korea Daegu Center Korea Basic Science InstituteDaegu41566Republic of Korea

The effect of ultraviolet-ozone(UVO)irradiation on amorphous(am)SnO_(2) and its impact on the photoconversion efficiency of MAPbI3-based perovskite solar cells were investigated in *** treatment was found to increase the amount of chemisorbed oxygen on the am-SnO_(2) surface,reducing the surface energy and contact *** changes in the am-SnO_(2) surface lowered the Gibbs free energy for the densification of perovskite films and facilitated the formation of homogeneous perovskite *** addition,the Fermi energy of the UVO-treated am-SnO_(2) shifted upwards to achieve an ideal band offset for MAPbI3,which was verified by theoretical calculations based on the density functional *** achieved a champion efficiency of 19.01% with a statistical reproducibility of 17.01±1.34% owing to improved perovskite film densification and enhanced charge transport/extraction,which is considerably higher than the 13.78±2.15% of the ***,UVO-treated,am-SnO_(2)-based devices showed improved stability and less hysteresis,which is encouraging for the future application of up-scaled perovskite solar cells.

关键词： UV-ozone Amorphous SnO_(2) Electron selective layers Planar perovskite solar cells Hysteresis

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Formation of interfacial brittle phases sigma phase and IMC in hybrid titanium-to-stainless steel joint

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2011年第A1期21卷 7-11页

作者： Min Ku LEE Jung Gu LEE jong Keuk LEE Sung Mo HONG Sang Hoon LEE Jin Ju PARK Jae Woo KIM Chang Kyu rhee Nuclear Materials Research Division Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Daejeon 305-353 Korea

The microstructures of the brazed joints for commercially pure Ti and stainless steel were investigated by the applications of various filler alloys including Ag-, Ti-, Zr- and Ni-based alloys. Generally, the dissimilar joints between Ti and stainless steel were dominated by the Ti-based intermetallic compounds （IMCs）, e.g. （Ti, Zr）2（Fe, Ni）, TiFe, TiCu, and Ti2（Fe, Ni）, due to a significant dissolution of Ti from the base metal. The （Fe-Cr） cr phase was also observed near the stainless steel due to a segregation of Cr into the interface region. This research demonstrates empirically that the brittleness of the Ti and stainless steel joint can not be avoided only by applying single braze alloy or single insert metal, and thus an introduction of additional suitable interlayer between the filler alloy and the base metal is necessary to prevent the brittleness of the joint.

关键词： brazing titanium stainless steel intermetallic compounds (IMCs)

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