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Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae or boulardii yeasts on acute stress induced intestinal dysmotility

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第48期22卷 10532-10544页

作者： Christine West Andrew M Stanisz Annette Wong wolfgang A kunze McMaster Brain-Body Institute St. Joseph’s Healthcare Department of Biology McM aster University Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences Mc Master University

AIM To investigate the capacity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae(S. cerevisiae) and Saccharomyces boulardii(S. boulardii) yeasts to reverse or to treat acute stress-related intestinal *** Adult Swiss Webster mice were stressed for 1 h in a wire-mesh restraint to induce symptoms of intestinal dysmotility and were subsequently killed by cervical dislocation. Jejunal and colon tissue were excised and placed within a tissue perfusion bath in which S. cerevisiae, S. boulardii, or their supernatants were administered into the lumen. Video recordings of contractility and gut diameter changes were converted to spatiotemporal maps and the velocity, frequency, and amplitude of propagating contractile clusters(PCC) were measured. Motility pre- and post-treatment was compared between stressed animals and unstressed controls. RESULTS S. boulardii and S. cerevisiae helped to mediate the effects of stress on the small and large intestine. Restraint stress reduced jejunal transit velocity(mm/s)from 2.635 ± 0.316 to 1.644 ± 0.238, P < 0.001 and jejunal transit frequency(Hz) from 0.032 ± 0.008 to 0.016 ± 0.005, P < 0.001. Restraint stress increased colonic transit velocity(mm/s) from 0.864 ± 0.183 to 1.432 ± 0.329, P < 0.001 and frequency to a lesser degree. Luminal application of S. boulardii helped to restore jejunal and colonic velocity towards the unstressed controls; 1.833 ± 0.688 to 2.627 ± 0.664, P < 0.001 and 1.516 ± 0.263 to 1.036 ± 0.21, P < 0.001, respectively. S. cerevisiae also had therapeutic effects on the stressed gut, but was most apparent in the jejunum. S. cerevisiae increased PCC velocity in the stressed jejunum from 1.763 ± 0.397 to 2.017 ± 0.48, P = 0.0031 and PCC frequency from 0.016 ± 0.009 to 0.027 ± 0.007, P < 0.001. S. cerevisiae decreased colon PCC velocity from 1.647 ± 0.187 to 1.038 ± 0.222, P < 0.001. Addition of S. boulardii or S. cerevisiae supernatants also helped to restore motility to unstressed values in similar capacity. CONCLUSION The

关键词： Intestine Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces boulardii Restraint stress Motility

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Oxytocin Down-regulates Mesenteric Afferent Sensitivity via the Enteric OTR/n NOS/NO/KATP Pathway in Rat

Oxytocin Down-regulates Mesenteric Afferent Sensitivity via ...

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中国生理学会第24届全国会员代表大会暨生理学学术大会

作者：李静薛冰韩婷黄凯龚立平马雪莲刘克敬崔爽张敏 wolfgang kunze 刘传勇山东大学医学院生理学系 Department of Biology Mc Master UniversityCanada The Mc Master Brain-Body Institute and Department of Psychiatry Mc Master UniversityCanada

Oxytocin plays an analgesic role in modulation of nociception and *** work to date has focused on the central mechanisms of oxytocin analgesia,but little is known about whether peripheral mechanisms are also *** previous studies have demonstrated that enteric oxytocin signal system exist in enteric nervous system（ENS）.Here,we investigated the effects of oxytocin on mesenteric afferent response to bradykinin or mechanical stimuli in vitro,and colorectal distension（CRD）-induced visceral pain in vivo in *** jejunal mesenteric afferent discharge of the rat was recorded in *** was used to identify the colocalization of oxytocin receptor and neuronal nitric oxide synthase（n NOS）in longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus a rat model of CRD-induced visceral hyperalgesia was used to measure the effect of oxytocin on visceral *** per se had no effect on the jejunal mesenteric afferent discharge,however,it markedly attenuated the bradykinin-or distention-evoked increase ofmesenteric afferent discharge,which was mimiced by the nitro oxide（NO）donor sodium nitroprusside（SNP）.Oxytocin increased the content of NO in the *** of either NOS inhibitor L-NAME or n NOS inhibitor NPLA largely reduced the effect of oxytocin on bradykinin-evoked increase of mesenteric afferent ***,such effect,to a large extent,was also alleviated by N-type calcium channel-agatoxin IVA or ω-conotoxin GVIA,P-type calcium channel blocker ωblocker ATP-activated potassium channel blocker ***,immunofluorescence studies show strong colocalization of oxytocin receptor with n NOS in longitudinalmuscle myenteric *** in vivo studies demonstrated oxytocin decreased CRD-induced visceral hyperalgesia,and such response was inhibited by oxytocin receptor antagonist atosiban or *** conclusion,oxytocin can alleviated the visceral pain by down-regulating the mesenteric afferent sensitivity through n NOS-NO-KAT

关键词： Mesenteric Afferent Nerves Nitro Oxide Oxytocin

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