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CO_(2)capture costs of chemical looping combustion of biomass:A comparison of natural and synthetic oxygen carrier

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 296-310页

作者： Benjamin Fleiß Juraj Priscak Martin Hammerschmid Josef fuchs Stefan Müller Hermann Hofbauer Institute of Chemical Environmental and Bioscience EngineeringTU WienVienna1060 ViennaAustria BEST–Bioenergy and Sustainable Technologies GmbH Graz8010 StyriaAustria

Chemical looping combustion has the potential to be an efficient and low-cost technology capable of contributing to the reduction of the atmospheric concentration of CO_(2) in order to reach the 1.5/2°C goal and mitigate climate *** this process,a metal oxide is used as oxygen carrier in a dual fluidized bed to generate clean CO_(2) via combustion of *** commonly,natural ores or synthetic materials are used as oxygen carrier whereas both must meet special requirements for the conversion of solid *** oxygen carriers are characterized by higher reactivity at the expense of higher costs versus the lower-cost natural *** determine the viability of both possibilities,a techno-economic comparison of a synthetic material based on manganese,iron,and copper to the natural ore ilmenite was *** synthetic oxygen carrier was characterized and tested in a pilot plant,where high combustion efficiencies up to 98.4%and carbon capture rates up to 98.5%were *** techno-economic assessment resulted in CO_(2) capture costs of 75 and 40€/tCO_(2) for the synthetic and natural ore route respectively,whereas a sensitivity analysis showed the high impact of production costs and attrition rates of the synthetic *** synthetic oxygen carrier could break even with the natural ore in case of lower production costs and attrition rates,which could be reached by adapting the production process and recycling *** comparison to state-of-the-art technologies,it is demonstrated that both routes are viable and the capture cost of CO_(2) could be reduced by implementing the chemical looping combustion technology.

关键词： Chemical looping combustion BECCS Techno-economic assessment CO_(2)capture costs Oxygen carrier development Synthetic materials Ilmenite

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Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans(phylum Bryozoa,class Gymnolaemata):crystallography and secretion patterns

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第3期6卷 405-424页

作者： Christian Grenier Erika Griesshaber wolfgang Schmahl Björn Berning Antonio G.Checa Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología Universidad de Granada18071 GranadaSpain Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de La Tierra CSIC-Universidad de Granada18100 ArmillaSpain Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Ludwig-Maximilians Universität80333 MunichGermany Institute for Geology University of Hamburg20146 HamburgGermany

Gymnolaemata bryozoans produce CaCO3 skeletons of either calcite,aragonite,or *** extensive research,their crystallography and biomineralization patterns remain *** present a detailed study of the microstructures,min-eralogy,and crystallography of eight extant cheilostome species using scanning electron microscopy,electron backscatter diffraction,atomic force microscopy,and micro-computed *** distinguished five basic microstructures,three calcitic(tabular,irregularly platy,and granular),and two aragonitic(granular-platy and fibrous).The calcitic microstruc-tures consist of crystal aggregates that transition from tabular or irregularly platy to granular *** aragonite consists of fibers arranged into *** all cases,the crystallographic textures are axial,and stronger in aragonite than in calcite,with the c-axis as the fiber *** reconstruct the biomineralization sequence in the different species by considering the distribution and morphology of the growth fronts of crystals and the location of the secretory *** bimineralic species,calcite formation always predates aragonite *** interior compound walls,growth proceeds from the cuticle toward the zooecium *** conclude that,with the exception of tabular calcite,biomineralization is remote and occurs within a relatively wide extrapallial space,which is consistent with the inorganic-like appearance of the *** biomineralization mode is rare among invertebrates.

关键词： Biomineralization Bryozoan Skeleton Calcite Aragonite Electron backscatter diffraction

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EVA NEXUS-Phaco performance study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1447-1452页

作者： Lukas Feldhaus Andreas Ohlmann Stefan Kassumeh Siegfried Priglinger wolfgang Mayer Department of Ophthalmology University HospitalLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunich 80336Germany

AIM:To investigate a novel phacoemulsification system“EVA NEXUS”(D.O.R.C.,Dutch Opthalmic Research Center)in comparison to the existing system“EVA”in clinical *** to compare both phacoemulsification systems in terms of efficiency,safety and postoperative inflammatory ***:In this study standardized cataract surgery was performed on both eyes of the study participant,using the“EVA system”(control group,n=20)on one eye and the“EVA NEXUS system”(intervention group,n=20)on the other *** patients with cataract LOCS Grading 1-3 and no accompanying eye diseases were included in this study.A total of 20 patients were included in this study,with each treatment arm including 20 *** surgery a 0.1 mL aqueous humor sample was collected 1min after phacoemulsification to measure the total prostaglanin E2 concentrations using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** endothelial cell count,visual and refractive outcomes,and anterior chamber flare were evaluated preoperatively,and 1d,1wk,and 3mo ***:There were no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding intraoperative safety parameters including effective phacoemulsification time(P=0.904),balanced saline solution flow(P=0.701)and total surgery time(P=0.565).Postoperative prostaglandin E2 levels,anterior chamber flare as well as endothelial cell loss tended to be lower in the NEXUS-Group,however not being statistically significant(P=0.718;0.164;0.486).Both systems provided similar clinical outcomes,regarding best corrected visual acuity and refractive parameters,showing no statistically significant differences between both ***:Both systems show a high level of safety and efficency with similar results in terms of safety parameters including postoperative inflammatory activity and endothelial cell loss as well as visual and refractive *** statistically not significant,the EVA NEXUS system tends to cause less postoperative inflammatio

关键词： cataract surgery phacoemulsification fluidics instrument

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Going deep:Roots,carbon,and analyzing subsoil carbon dynamics

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 1-3页

作者： Ezhilmathi Angela Joseph Fernando Michael Selvaraj Yusaku Uga wolfgang Busch Hunt Bowers Joe Tohme Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT Km 17 Recta Cali-PalmiraAprtado Aereo 6713Cali 763537Colombia National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences(NIAS) TsukubaIbaraki 305-0856Japan Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 N Torrey Pines RoadLa JollaCA 92037USA Earth Optics Suite 840ArlingtonVA 22202USA

Agricultural practices currently contribute to the emission of approximately 10%–12%atmospheric greenhouse gasses,with tillage agriculture accelerating soil disruption and carbon dioxide ***,various options exist,such as converting new lands for agriculture,promoting healthier plant-based diets,adopting advanced management technologies,and minimizing food ***,these measures alone are insufficient to ensure environmental sustainability within planetary boundaries.

关键词： soil measures carbon

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Hierarchical CoFe@N-Doped Carbon Decorated Wood Carbon as Bifunctional Cathode in Wearable Zn-Air Battery

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 42-50页

作者： Kelong Ao Xiangyang Zhang Renat R.Nazmutdinov Di Wang Jihong Shi Xian Yue Jianguo Sun wolfgang Schmickler Walid A.Daoud Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Kazan National Research Technological University 420015 KazanRussian Federation School of Textile and Garment Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu 241000China Wood Materials Science Institute for Building MaterialsETH Zürich8093 ZürichSwitzerland Am Sandhaken 18 D-89069 UlmGermany

Rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZAB)have drawn extensive attention due to their eco-friendliness and ***,the lack of high-performance and low-cost oxygen redox reactions(OER and ORR)catalysts has become one of the main stumbling blocks in their ***,we successfully fabricate a CoFe nanobubble encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon nanocage on wood carbon support(CoFe@NC/WC)via pyrolysis of a novel Prussian blue analog(PBA)/spruce *** hierarchical CoFe@NC/WC catalyst exhibits an excellent potential difference of 0.74 V between the OER potential at 10 mA cm^(-2)and half-wave potential of ORR in 0.1 M KOH,comparable to recently reported preeminent ***,CoFe@NC/WC shows outstanding electrochemical performance in liquid ZAB,with a peak power density of 138.9 mW cm^(-2)and a specific capacity of 763.5 mAh g^(-1).More importantly,a bacterial cellulose nanofiber reinforced polyacrylic acid(BC-PAA)hydrogel electrolyte shows ultrahigh tensile-breaking stress of 1.58 *** conjunction with the as-prepared CoFe@NC/WC catalyst,BC-PAA-based wearable ZAB displays impressive rechargeability and foldability,and can power portable electronics,such as electronic timer and mobile phone,in bent *** work provides a new approach toward high-activity and low-cost catalysts for ZAB.

关键词： biomass-based catalyst DFT computation hydrogel electrolyte oxygen redox reactions wearable Zn-air battery

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Towards engineering a portable platform for laparoscopic pre-training in virtual reality with haptic feedback

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第2期6卷 83-99页

作者： Hans-Georg ENKLER wolfgang KUNERT Stefan PFEFFER Kai-Jonas BOCK Steffen AXT Jonas JOHANNINK Christoph REICH Furtwangen University 78120 FurtwangenGermany University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Tuebingen 72076 TuebingenGermany

Background Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical technique in which special instruments are inserted through small incision holes inside the *** some time,efforts have been made to improve surgical pre training through practical exercises on abstracted and reduced *** The authors strive for a portable,easy to use and cost-effective Virtual Reality-based(VR)laparoscopic pre-training platform and therefore address the question of how such a system has to be designed to achieve the quality of today's gold standard using real tissue *** VR controllers are limited regarding haptic *** haptic feedback is necessary or at least beneficial for laparoscopic surgery training,the platform to be developed consists of a newly designed prototype laparoscopic VR controller with haptic feedback,a commercially available head-mounted display,a VR environment for simulating a laparoscopic surgery,and a training *** To take full advantage of benefits such as repeatability and cost-effectiveness of VR-based training,the system shall not require a tissue sample for haptic *** is currently calculated and visually displayed to the user in the VR *** the prototype controller,a first axis was provided with perceptible feedback for test *** of the prototype VR controllers can be combined to simulate a typical both-handed use case,e.g.,laparoscopic suturing.A Unity based VR prototype allows the execution of simple standard *** The first prototype enables full operation of a virtual laparoscopic instrument in *** addition,the simulation can compute simple interaction *** challenges lie in a realistic real-time tissue simulation and calculation of forces for the haptic *** weaknesses were identified in the first hardware prototype,which will be improved in subsequent *** degrees of freedom of the controller are to be provided with haptic *** make forces t

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Training Virtual reality Controller Haptic feedback Kinesthetic skills

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HIV感染对甲状腺功能的影响

HIV感染对甲状腺功能的影响

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浙江省免疫学会第十次学术大会

作者：季淑静靳昌忠卢翔云吴海波程林芳谢天胜 Stefan Hxtermann wolfgang fuchs Adriane Skaletz-Rorowski Norbert H.Brockmeyer 吴南屏浙江大学医学院附属第一医院传染病诊治国家重点实验室感染性疾病诊治协同创新中心

目的:探索HIV感染患者甲状腺功能不全的流行率,以及鸡尾酒疗法(HAART)和合并乙肝、丙肝对患者甲状腺功能的影响。方法:回顾性分析178例HIV感染者的数据,并计算其中甲状腺功能的流行率,以及甲状腺激素水平与CD4细胞计数、HIV-1感染周期、...

目的:探索HIV感染患者甲状腺功能不全的流行率,以及鸡尾酒疗法(HAART)和合并乙肝、丙肝对患者甲状腺功能的影响。方法:回顾性分析178例HIV感染者的数据,并计算其中甲状腺功能的流行率,以及甲状腺激素水平与CD4细胞计数、HIV-1感染周期、HAART治疗周期、方案和合并乙肝、丙肝的相关性。结果:178例患者中,有59例(33.1%)诊断为甲状腺功能不全,大多为甲状腺功能低下。HAART组甲状腺功能不全(41/104,39.4%)的患者明显多于未接受HAART(HAART-nave)组(18/74,24.3%;P<0.05)。甲状腺功能低下患者的平均CD4细胞计数(372±331/μl)显著低于其它组患者(P<0.05)。HAART组FT4水平显著低于HAART-nave组(1.09±0.23 vs 1.20±0.29 pg/ml,P<0.05)。FT3、FT4水平与HIV感染周期呈负相关,而FT3水平与CD4细胞计数称正相关(P<0.05)。乙肝患者的FT3水平较低,而丙肝患者的FT3和FT4水平较高(P<0.05)。结论:在HIV感染者中,接受HAART的患者甲状腺功能不全较HAART-nave患者更多,其中甲状腺功能低下是最常见的甲状腺功能不全。FT3和FT4水平与HIV进展相关。合并乙肝、丙肝将增加甲状腺功能不全的患病率。

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Customized molecular tools to strengthen metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria

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Green Carbon 2024年第2期2卷 149-163页

作者： Stephan Klähn Franz Opel wolfgang R.Hess Department of Solar Materials Biotechnology Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZLeipzig 04318Germany Genetics and Experimental Bioinformatics Albert-Ludwig University FreiburgFreiburg im Breisgau 79104Germany

Cyanobacteria are promising oxygenic phototrophs for the production of various *** their(photo)biotechnological exploitation,molecular tools are required,such as,for the introduction and expression of heterologous genes,or the modulation of enzyme activities or entire *** and strategies for the development of photosynthetic biomanufacturing technologies based on cyanobacteria have been extensively reviewed,as well as certain specialized aspects of their genetic ***,options for metabolic engineering of specific cyanobacterial cells are still less developed than those for other bacteria of biotechnological *** addition to the standard genetic toolbox for“classical”metabolic engineering,we emphasize certain aspects,including recently developed vector systems for the extrachromosomal maintenance of genes and approaches based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)*** highlight the development of custom molecular tools for specific strains or products,discuss the emerging use of small regulatory proteins that appear promising for advanced metabolic engineering approaches to promote specific product formation,and provide an overview of suitable online ***,we discuss the current trends in this field and indicate their potential,such as using suitable product sensors that enable systematic screening,and optimization approaches.

关键词： Metabolic engineering Cyanobacteria Synthetic plasmids Regulatory proteins Sensors

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HIV感染对甲状腺功能的影响

HIV感染对甲状腺功能的影响

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全国寄生虫病高峰论坛暨2016年浙江省热带病与寄生虫病学术年会

作者：季淑静靳昌忠卢翔云吴海波程林芳谢天胜 Stefan Hxtermann wolfgang fuchs Adriane Skaletz-Rorowski Norbert H.Brockmeyer 吴南屏

目的:探索HIV感染患者甲状腺功能不全的流行率,以及鸡尾酒疗法(HAART)和合并乙肝、丙肝对患者甲状腺功能的影响。方法:回顾性分析178例HIV感染者的数据,并计算其中甲状腺功能的流行率,以及甲状腺激素水平与CD4细胞计数、HIV-1感染周期、HAART治疗周期、方案和合并乙肝、丙肝的相关性。结果:178例患者中,有59例(33.1%)诊断为甲状腺功能不全,大多为甲状腺功能低下。HAART组甲状腺功能不全(41/104,39.4%)的患者明显多于未接受HAART(HAART-na(i|¨)ve)组(18/74,24.3%;P<0.05)。甲状腺功能低下患者的平均CD4细胞计数(372±331/μl)显著低于其它组患者(P<0.05)。HAART组FT4水平显著低于HAART-na(i|¨)ve组(1.09±0.23 vs 1.20±0.29 pg/ml,P<0.05)。FT3、FT4水平与HIV感染周期呈负相关,而FT3水平与CD4细胞计数称正相关(P<0.05)。乙肝患者的FT3水平较低,而丙肝患者的FT3和FT4水平较高(P<0.05)。结论:在HIV感染者中,接受HAART的患者甲状腺功能不全较HAART-na(i|¨)ve患者更多,其中甲状腺功能低下是最常见的甲状腺功能不全。FT3和FT4水平与HIV进展相关。合并乙肝、丙肝将增加甲状腺功能不全的患病率。

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Optimizing laser coupling,matter heating,and particle acceleration from solids using multiplexed ultraintense lasers

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 16-28页

作者： Weipeng Yao Motoaki Nakatsutsumi Sébastien Buffechoux Patrizio Antici Marco Borghesi Andrea Ciardi Sophia N.Chen Emmanuel d’Humières Laurent Gremillet Robert Heathcote Vojtech Horny Paul McKenna Mark N.Quinn Lorenzo Romagnani Ryan Royle Gianluca Sarri Yasuhiko Sentoku Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Toma Toncian Olivier Tresca Laura Vassura Oswald Willi Julien fuchs LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversitéEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Sorbonne Université Observatoire de ParisUniversité PSLCNRSLERMAF-75005 ParisFrance INRS-EMT 1650 BoulLionel-BouletVarennesQuebec J3X 1S2Canada Center for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom “Horia Hulubei”National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering 30 Reactorului StreetRO-077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania University of Bordeaux Centre Lasers Intenses et ApplicationsCNRSCEAUMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance Université Paris-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUnited Kingdom SUPA Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUnited Kingdom Department of Physics University of NevadaRenoNevada 89557USA Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institut fur Laser und Plasmaphysik Heinrich Heine Universitat DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

Realizing the full potential of ultrahigh-intensity lasers for particle and radiation generation will require multi-beam arrangements due to technology ***,we investigate how to optimize their coupling with solid ***,we show that overlapping two intense lasers in a mirror-like configuration onto a solid with a large preplasma can greatly improve the generation of hot electrons at the target front and ion acceleration at the target *** underlying mechanisms are analyzed through multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations,revealing that the self-induced magnetic fields driven by the two laser beams at the target front are susceptible to reconnection,which is one possible mechanism to boost electron *** addition,the resistive magnetic field generated during the transport of the hot electrons in the target bulk tends to improve their *** simulations also indicate that such effects can be further enhanced by overlapping more than two laser beams.

关键词： laser acceleration particle

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