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Going deep:Roots,carbon,and analyzing subsoil carbon dynamics

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 1-3页

作者： Ezhilmathi Angela Joseph Fernando Michael Selvaraj Yusaku Uga wolfgang Busch Hunt Bowers Joe Tohme Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT Km 17 Recta Cali-PalmiraAprtado Aereo 6713Cali 763537Colombia National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences(NIAS) TsukubaIbaraki 305-0856Japan Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 N Torrey Pines RoadLa JollaCA 92037USA Earth Optics Suite 840ArlingtonVA 22202USA

Agricultural practices currently contribute to the emission of approximately 10%–12%atmospheric greenhouse gasses,with tillage agriculture accelerating soil disruption and carbon dioxide release.Nevertheless,various options exist,such as converting new lands for agriculture,promoting healthier plant-based diets,adopting advanced management technologies,and minimizing food loss.However,these measures alone are insufficient to ensure environmental sustainability within planetary boundaries.

关键词： soil measures carbon

Towards engineering a portable platform for laparoscopic pre-training in virtual reality with haptic feedback

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第2期6卷 83-99页

作者： Hans-Georg ENKLER wolfgang KUNERT Stefan PFEFFER Kai-Jonas BOCK Steffen AXT Jonas JOHANNINK Christoph REICH Furtwangen University 78120 FurtwangenGermany University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Tuebingen 72076 TuebingenGermany

Background Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical technique in which special instruments are inserted through small incision holes inside the body.For some time,efforts have been made to improve surgical pre training through practical exercises on abstracted and reduced models.Methods The authors strive for a portable,easy to use and cost-effective Virtual Reality-based(VR)laparoscopic pre-training platform and therefore address the question of how such a system has to be designed to achieve the quality of today's gold standard using real tissue specimens.Current VR controllers are limited regarding haptic feedback.Since haptic feedback is necessary or at least beneficial for laparoscopic surgery training,the platform to be developed consists of a newly designed prototype laparoscopic VR controller with haptic feedback,a commercially available head-mounted display,a VR environment for simulating a laparoscopic surgery,and a training concept.Results To take full advantage of benefits such as repeatability and cost-effectiveness of VR-based training,the system shall not require a tissue sample for haptic feedback.It is currently calculated and visually displayed to the user in the VR environment.On the prototype controller,a first axis was provided with perceptible feedback for test purposes.Two of the prototype VR controllers can be combined to simulate a typical both-handed use case,e.g.,laparoscopic suturing.A Unity based VR prototype allows the execution of simple standard pre-trainings.Conclusions The first prototype enables full operation of a virtual laparoscopic instrument in VR.In addition,the simulation can compute simple interaction forces.Major challenges lie in a realistic real-time tissue simulation and calculation of forces for the haptic feedback.Mechanical weaknesses were identified in the first hardware prototype,which will be improved in subsequent versions.All degrees of freedom of the controller are to be provided with haptic feedback.To make forces tangible in the simulation,characteristic values

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Training Virtual reality Controller Haptic feedback Kinesthetic skills

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单件产品的生产和销售

现代制造 2018年第26期 24-24,26,27页

作者： wolfgang cieplik

越来越多的用户希望有厂家能够提供‘个性化的、单独配置’的产品，越来越多的生产厂家生产和销售着批量数为一的单件产品，随着生产和销售的产品数量越来越少，物流上下游的流程也越来越复杂。

关键词：生产厂家产品数量销售单件个性化

A Maintenance Service Improvement Approach Based on Queue Networks: Application

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 425-440页

作者： Aslain Brisco Ngnassi Djami wolfgang Nzié Boukar Ousman Joseph Nkongho Anyi Ulrich Ngnassi Nguelcheu Department of Fundamental Sciences and Techniques of Engineer Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries School University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Laboratory of Mechanics Materials and Photonics National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Electrical Engineering Energy and Automation National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Laboratory E3M Faculty of Industrial Engineering University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

The quest to increase the performance of production systems that have become complex leads to the transfer to the maintenance function of the responsibility of guaranteeing the availability of such systems. Also, we will never stop saying that maintenance must integrate into all of the company’s initiatives, to affirm its role, which is to ensure greater availability and sustainability of the means of production. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the reliability and availability of a system without knowing the distribution law of the operating times. Among the methods for evaluating dependability criteria (Fault Trees, Petri Nets, etc.), we are interested in queues that have the advantage of taking into account functional dependencies, thus allowing a quantified optimization of maintenance. Indeed, queues make it possible to model parallel or sequential processes, implementing operations taking place at the same time or one after the other, meeting the needs of modeling production systems. The main result of this paper is the study of the influence of availability on the reliability of a multi-state production system.

关键词： Markov Chains Queues Availability Reliability Maintenance

Evaluation of the Reliability of a System: Approach by Monte Carlo Simulation and Application

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 721-739页

作者： Aslain Brisco Ngnassi Djami Jean Bosco Samon Boukar Ousman Ulrich Ngnassi Nguelcheu wolfgang Nzié Guy Edgar Ntamack Bienvenu Kenmeugne Department of Fundamental Sciences and Techniques of Engineer Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries School University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Mechanical Engineering National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Electrical Engineering Energy and Automation National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the reliability of a system in its different states (absence of failures, partial failure and total failure) and to propose actions to improve this reliability by an approach based on Monte Carlo simulation. It consists of a probabilistic evaluation based on Markov Chains. In order to achieve this goal, the functionalities of Markov Chains and Monte Carlo simulation steps are deployed. The application is made on a production system. .

关键词： Evaluation Reliability Monte Carlo Markov Chain

《欧盟人工智能法案》的背景、主要内容与评价——兼论该法案对劳动法的影响

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环球法律评论 2024年第3期46卷 5-27页

作者： [德]沃尔夫冈·多伊普勒德国不来梅大学法学院

为了应对人工智能系统带来的各种挑战,《欧盟人工智能法案》采用基于风险分类的监管路径。法案首先明确禁止了某些存在不可接受风险的人工智能系统,然后重点规制高风险人工智能系统,任何在欧盟市场上提供此类系统的企业都必须满足法案... 详细信息

为了应对人工智能系统带来的各种挑战,《欧盟人工智能法案》采用基于风险分类的监管路径。法案首先明确禁止了某些存在不可接受风险的人工智能系统,然后重点规制高风险人工智能系统,任何在欧盟市场上提供此类系统的企业都必须满足法案规定的从风险管理、数据治理到全面的记录义务等诸多要求。但是,法案的监管要求可能造成小微企业负担过重,模糊的规定也可能导致实施方面的困难。在劳动关系领域,对雇员进行社会评分、预测雇员犯罪风险、分析雇员情绪等人工智能系统可能因为存在不可接受的风险而被禁止。对岗位申请者和雇员使用人工智能系统的,则根据是否属于高风险系统而负担不同的义务。除了要让雇主向雇员提供相关人工智能技能培训以外,工作中使用ChatGPT的问题也值得关注。

关键词：欧盟人工智能法案风险分类劳动法 ChatGPT

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德国南部钻石城太空送来的七万吨礼物

环球人文地理 2024年第3期 96-103页

作者：袁莘捷 lebaer wolfgang Ralf ArTo konrad filbert Andrey＿Lobachev Sina Ettmer flickr

钻石受到无数人追捧，其高昂的价格也让人望而却步。让人意外的是，在德国巴伐利亚州的西部山区，人们竟用七万吨钻石，建造了一座闪闪发光的钻石城。诺德林根是一座中世纪小镇，距今已有上千年历史。这里四面都有围墙，是德国目前仅有...

钻石受到无数人追捧，其高昂的价格也让人望而却步。让人意外的是，在德国巴伐利亚州的西部山区，人们竟用七万吨钻石，建造了一座闪闪发光的钻石城。诺德林根是一座中世纪小镇，距今已有上千年历史。这里四面都有围墙，是德国目前仅有的三座完全被城墙环绕的城市之一。小镇曾经安宁祥和，也曾经饱经硝烟，而许多建筑，甚至差点毁于一场大火。

关键词：

Hidden in the parts:How the cell-type perspective reveals novel insights into plant-microbe interactions

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Molecular Plant 2023年第9期16卷 1359-1362页

作者： Christian Froschel wolfgang Droge-Laser Pharmaceutical Biology Julius-von-Sachs-InstituteJulius-Maximilians-Universitat WurzburgJulius-von-Sachs Platz 297082 WurzburgGermany Present address:Botany ll Julius-von-Sachs-lnstituteJulius-Maximilians-Universitat WurzburgJulius-von-Sachs Platz 397082 WurzburgGermany

The origin of multicellularity is considered an evolutionary milestone,as cellular differentiation and cooperation have allowed the emergence of specialized and unique functions.Some crucial biological processes involve only a few cells,making it difficult to detect specific transcriptional signatures in classical bulk tissue studies.Important information often remains hidden in the sum of thousands of cells,and thus localized studies are essential.Although plant responses to microbes are well known to occur highly localized(Emonet et al.,2021),approaches to describe their impact at a cellular level have been established only very recently.Applying single-cell transcriptomics,Verbon et al.,2023 addressed this topic and disclosed heterogeneous responses of root cells when colonized by the beneficial bacterium Pseudomonas simiae.Focusing on Arabidopsis,we here compare this study with some groundbreaking methodological advances and provides perspectives on upcoming endeavors(Figure 1).

关键词： Figure insight specialized

Latency arbitrage and the synchronized placement of orders

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 2650-2667页

作者： wolfgang Kuhle Department of Economics Corvinus UniversityBudapestHungary MEA Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social PolicyMunichGermany Zhejiang University HangzhouChina

We argue that owing to traders’inability to fully express their preferences over the execution times of their orders,contemporary stock market designs are prone to latency arbitrage.In turn,we propose a new order type,which allows traders to specify the time at which their orders are executed after reaching the exchange.Using recent latency data,we demonstrate that the order type proposed here allows traders to synchronize order executions across different exchanges,such that high-frequency traders,even if they operate at the speed of light,can no-longer engage in latency arbitrage.

关键词： Market design High-frequency trading Latency arbitrage