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Advances in Polar Science 2018年第3期29卷 156-164页

作者： Annette RINKE Dorthe HANDORF wolfgang dorn Klaus DETHLOFF John C.MOORE Xiangdong ZHANG Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Potsdam 14473 Germany College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China International Arctic Research Center University of Alaska Fairbanks Alaska 99775 USA

Ensemble simulations with the Arctic coupled regional climate model HIRHAM-NAOSIM have been analyzed to investigate atmospheric feedbacks to September sea-ice anomalies in the Arctic in autumn and the following winter. Different ＂low- minus high ice＂ composites have been calculated using selected model runs and different periods. This approach allows us to investigate the robustness of the simulated regional atmospheric feedbacks to detected sea-ice anomalies. Since the position and strength of the September sea-ice anomaly varies between the different ＂low- minus high ice＂ composites, the related simulated atmospheric patterns in autumn differ depending on the specific surface heat flux forcing through the oceaaa-atmosphere interface. However, irrespective of those autumn differences, the regional atmospheric feedback in the following winter is rather insensitive to the applied compositing. Neither the selection of simulations nor the considered period impacts the results. The simulated consistent large-scale atmospheric circulation pattern show-s a wave-like pattern with positive pressure anomaly over the region of the Barents/Kara Seas and Scandinavia/western Russia （＂Scandinavian-Ural blocking＂） and negative pressure anomaly over the East Siberian/Laptev Seas.

关键词： Arctic climate atmosphere-sea ice feedback regional climate modeling Arctic atmosphere

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Going deep:Roots,carbon,and analyzing subsoil carbon dynamics

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 1-3页

作者： Ezhilmathi Angela Joseph Fernando Michael Selvaraj Yusaku Uga wolfgang Busch Hunt Bowers Joe Tohme Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT Km 17 Recta Cali-PalmiraAprtado Aereo 6713Cali 763537Colombia National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences(NIAS) TsukubaIbaraki 305-0856Japan Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 N Torrey Pines RoadLa JollaCA 92037USA Earth Optics Suite 840ArlingtonVA 22202USA

Agricultural practices currently contribute to the emission of approximately 10%–12%atmospheric greenhouse gasses,with tillage agriculture accelerating soil disruption and carbon dioxide ***,various options exist,such as converting new lands for agriculture,promoting healthier plant-based diets,adopting advanced management technologies,and minimizing food ***,these measures alone are insufficient to ensure environmental sustainability within planetary boundaries.

关键词： soil measures carbon

EVA NEXUS-Phaco performance study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1447-1452页

作者： Lukas Feldhaus Andreas Ohlmann Stefan Kassumeh Siegfried Priglinger wolfgang Mayer Department of Ophthalmology University HospitalLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunich 80336Germany

AIM:To investigate a novel phacoemulsification system“EVA NEXUS”(D.O.R.C.,Dutch Opthalmic Research Center)in comparison to the existing system“EVA”in clinical *** to compare both phacoemulsification systems in terms of efficiency,safety and postoperative inflammatory ***:In this study standardized cataract surgery was performed on both eyes of the study participant,using the“EVA system”(control group,n=20)on one eye and the“EVA NEXUS system”(intervention group,n=20)on the other *** patients with cataract LOCS Grading 1-3 and no accompanying eye diseases were included in this study.A total of 20 patients were included in this study,with each treatment arm including 20 *** surgery a 0.1 mL aqueous humor sample was collected 1min after phacoemulsification to measure the total prostaglanin E2 concentrations using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** endothelial cell count,visual and refractive outcomes,and anterior chamber flare were evaluated preoperatively,and 1d,1wk,and 3mo ***:There were no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding intraoperative safety parameters including effective phacoemulsification time(P=0.904),balanced saline solution flow(P=0.701)and total surgery time(P=0.565).Postoperative prostaglandin E2 levels,anterior chamber flare as well as endothelial cell loss tended to be lower in the NEXUS-Group,however not being statistically significant(P=0.718;0.164;0.486).Both systems provided similar clinical outcomes,regarding best corrected visual acuity and refractive parameters,showing no statistically significant differences between both ***:Both systems show a high level of safety and efficency with similar results in terms of safety parameters including postoperative inflammatory activity and endothelial cell loss as well as visual and refractive *** statistically not significant,the EVA NEXUS system tends to cause less postoperative inflammatio

关键词： cataract surgery phacoemulsification fluidics instrument

Towards engineering a portable platform for laparoscopic pre-training in virtual reality with haptic feedback

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第2期6卷 83-99页

作者： Hans-Georg ENKLER wolfgang KUNERT Stefan PFEFFER Kai-Jonas BOCK Steffen AXT Jonas JOHANNINK Christoph REICH Furtwangen University 78120 FurtwangenGermany University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Tuebingen 72076 TuebingenGermany

Background Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical technique in which special instruments are inserted through small incision holes inside the *** some time,efforts have been made to improve surgical pre training through practical exercises on abstracted and reduced *** The authors strive for a portable,easy to use and cost-effective Virtual Reality-based(VR)laparoscopic pre-training platform and therefore address the question of how such a system has to be designed to achieve the quality of today's gold standard using real tissue *** VR controllers are limited regarding haptic *** haptic feedback is necessary or at least beneficial for laparoscopic surgery training,the platform to be developed consists of a newly designed prototype laparoscopic VR controller with haptic feedback,a commercially available head-mounted display,a VR environment for simulating a laparoscopic surgery,and a training *** To take full advantage of benefits such as repeatability and cost-effectiveness of VR-based training,the system shall not require a tissue sample for haptic *** is currently calculated and visually displayed to the user in the VR *** the prototype controller,a first axis was provided with perceptible feedback for test *** of the prototype VR controllers can be combined to simulate a typical both-handed use case,e.g.,laparoscopic suturing.A Unity based VR prototype allows the execution of simple standard *** The first prototype enables full operation of a virtual laparoscopic instrument in *** addition,the simulation can compute simple interaction *** challenges lie in a realistic real-time tissue simulation and calculation of forces for the haptic *** weaknesses were identified in the first hardware prototype,which will be improved in subsequent *** degrees of freedom of the controller are to be provided with haptic *** make forces t

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Training Virtual reality Controller Haptic feedback Kinesthetic skills

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Customized molecular tools to strengthen metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria

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Green Carbon 2024年第2期2卷 149-163页

作者： Stephan Klähn Franz Opel wolfgang R.Hess Department of Solar Materials Biotechnology Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZLeipzig 04318Germany Genetics and Experimental Bioinformatics Albert-Ludwig University FreiburgFreiburg im Breisgau 79104Germany

Cyanobacteria are promising oxygenic phototrophs for the production of various *** their(photo)biotechnological exploitation,molecular tools are required,such as,for the introduction and expression of heterologous genes,or the modulation of enzyme activities or entire *** and strategies for the development of photosynthetic biomanufacturing technologies based on cyanobacteria have been extensively reviewed,as well as certain specialized aspects of their genetic ***,options for metabolic engineering of specific cyanobacterial cells are still less developed than those for other bacteria of biotechnological *** addition to the standard genetic toolbox for“classical”metabolic engineering,we emphasize certain aspects,including recently developed vector systems for the extrachromosomal maintenance of genes and approaches based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)*** highlight the development of custom molecular tools for specific strains or products,discuss the emerging use of small regulatory proteins that appear promising for advanced metabolic engineering approaches to promote specific product formation,and provide an overview of suitable online ***,we discuss the current trends in this field and indicate their potential,such as using suitable product sensors that enable systematic screening,and optimization approaches.

关键词： Metabolic engineering Cyanobacteria Synthetic plasmids Regulatory proteins Sensors

A Maintenance Service Improvement Approach Based on Queue Networks: Application

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 425-440页

作者： Aslain Brisco Ngnassi Djami wolfgang Nzié Boukar Ousman Joseph Nkongho Anyi Ulrich Ngnassi Nguelcheu Department of Fundamental Sciences and Techniques of Engineer Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries School University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Laboratory of Mechanics Materials and Photonics National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Electrical Engineering Energy and Automation National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Laboratory E3M Faculty of Industrial Engineering University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

The quest to increase the performance of production systems that have become complex leads to the transfer to the maintenance function of the responsibility of guaranteeing the availability of such systems. Also, we will never stop saying that maintenance must integrate into all of the company’s initiatives, to affirm its role, which is to ensure greater availability and sustainability of the means of production. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the reliability and availability of a system without knowing the distribution law of the operating times. Among the methods for evaluating dependability criteria (Fault Trees, Petri Nets, etc.), we are interested in queues that have the advantage of taking into account functional dependencies, thus allowing a quantified optimization of maintenance. Indeed, queues make it possible to model parallel or sequential processes, implementing operations taking place at the same time or one after the other, meeting the needs of modeling production systems. The main result of this paper is the study of the influence of availability on the reliability of a multi-state production system.

关键词： Markov Chains Queues Availability Reliability Maintenance

Evaluation of the Reliability of a System: Approach by Monte Carlo Simulation and Application

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 721-739页

作者： Aslain Brisco Ngnassi Djami Jean Bosco Samon Boukar Ousman Ulrich Ngnassi Nguelcheu wolfgang Nzié Guy Edgar Ntamack Bienvenu Kenmeugne Department of Fundamental Sciences and Techniques of Engineer Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries School University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Mechanical Engineering National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Electrical Engineering Energy and Automation National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the reliability of a system in its different states (absence of failures, partial failure and total failure) and to propose actions to improve this reliability by an approach based on Monte Carlo simulation. It consists of a probabilistic evaluation based on Markov Chains. In order to achieve this goal, the functionalities of Markov Chains and Monte Carlo simulation steps are deployed. The application is made on a production system. .

关键词： Evaluation Reliability Monte Carlo Markov Chain

《欧盟人工智能法案》的背景、主要内容与评价——兼论该法案对劳动法的影响

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环球法律评论 2024年第3期46卷 5-27页

作者： [德]沃尔夫冈·多伊普勒德国不来梅大学法学院

为了应对人工智能系统带来的各种挑战,《欧盟人工智能法案》采用基于风险分类的监管路径。法案首先明确禁止了某些存在不可接受风险的人工智能系统,然后重点规制高风险人工智能系统,任何在欧盟市场上提供此类系统的企业都必须满足法案... 详细信息

为了应对人工智能系统带来的各种挑战,《欧盟人工智能法案》采用基于风险分类的监管路径。法案首先明确禁止了某些存在不可接受风险的人工智能系统,然后重点规制高风险人工智能系统,任何在欧盟市场上提供此类系统的企业都必须满足法案规定的从风险管理、数据治理到全面的记录义务等诸多要求。但是,法案的监管要求可能造成小微企业负担过重,模糊的规定也可能导致实施方面的困难。在劳动关系领域,对雇员进行社会评分、预测雇员犯罪风险、分析雇员情绪等人工智能系统可能因为存在不可接受的风险而被禁止。对岗位申请者和雇员使用人工智能系统的,则根据是否属于高风险系统而负担不同的义务。除了要让雇主向雇员提供相关人工智能技能培训以外,工作中使用ChatGPT的问题也值得关注。

关键词：欧盟人工智能法案风险分类劳动法 ChatGPT

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264米的美国魔鬼塔为什么全球登顶者不足百人？

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环球人文地理 2024年第13期 90-97页

作者：李嘉麟 Dan Gary GRP Imagery kellyvandellen Kyle samantha Jacob wolfgang flickr

在美国怀俄明州，有一座不足300米的“矮山”。别看它不高，论起攀登难度，就连珠峰登顶者都对它望洋兴叹。在美国怀俄明州东北部，有一座由火山岩和沉积岩构成的圆柱形岩石塔——魔鬼塔。它矗立在一望无际的草原上，显得格外突兀。谁...

在美国怀俄明州，有一座不足300米的“矮山”。别看它不高，论起攀登难度，就连珠峰登顶者都对它望洋兴叹。在美国怀俄明州东北部，有一座由火山岩和沉积岩构成的圆柱形岩石塔——魔鬼塔。它矗立在一望无际的草原上，显得格外突兀。谁能相信，近百年来，能够登上264米塔顶的登山者不足百人。那么，魔鬼塔是怎么形成的呢？这个问题，让好事者争论了一百多年。

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德国南部钻石城太空送来的七万吨礼物

环球人文地理 2024年第3期 96-103页

作者：袁莘捷 lebaer wolfgang Ralf ArTo konrad filbert Andrey＿Lobachev Sina Ettmer flickr

钻石受到无数人追捧，其高昂的价格也让人望而却步。让人意外的是，在德国巴伐利亚州的西部山区，人们竟用七万吨钻石，建造了一座闪闪发光的钻石城。诺德林根是一座中世纪小镇，距今已有上千年历史。这里四面都有围墙，是德国目前仅有...

钻石受到无数人追捧，其高昂的价格也让人望而却步。让人意外的是，在德国巴伐利亚州的西部山区，人们竟用七万吨钻石，建造了一座闪闪发光的钻石城。诺德林根是一座中世纪小镇，距今已有上千年历史。这里四面都有围墙，是德国目前仅有的三座完全被城墙环绕的城市之一。小镇曾经安宁祥和，也曾经饱经硝烟，而许多建筑，甚至差点毁于一场大火。

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