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Mutual regulation of microglia and astrocytes after Gas6 inhibits spinal cord injury

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 557-573页

作者： Jiewen Chen Xiaolin Zeng Le Wang Wenwu Zhang gang Li Xing Cheng Peiqiang Su Yong Wan Xiang Li Department of Spine Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Invasive inflammation and excessive scar formation are the main reasons for the difficulty in repairing nervous tissue after spinal cord *** and astrocytes play key roles in the spinal cord injury micro-environment and share a close ***,the mechanisms involved remain *** this study,we found that after spinal cord injury,resting microglia(M0)were polarized into pro-inflammatory phenotypes(MG1 and MG3),while resting astrocytes were polarized into reactive and scar-forming *** expression of growth arrest-specific 6(Gas6)and its receptor Axl were significantly down-regulated in microglia and astrocytes after spinal cord *** vitro experiments showed that Gas6 had negative effects on the polarization of reactive astrocytes and pro-inflammatory microglia,and even inhibited the cross-regulation between *** further demonstrated that Gas6 can inhibit the polarization of reactive astrocytes by suppressing the activation of the Yes-associated protein signaling ***,in turn,inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia by suppressing the activation of the nuclear factor-κb/p65 and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling *** vivo experiments showed that Gas6 inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia and reactive astrocytes in the injured spinal cord,thereby promoting tissue repair and motor function ***,Gas6 may play a role in the treatment of spinal cord *** can inhibit the inflammatory pathway of microglia and polarization of astrocytes,attenuate the interaction between microglia and astrocytes in the inflammatory microenvironment,and thereby alleviate local inflammation and reduce scar formation in the spinal cord.

关键词： astrocytes Axl cell polarization Gas6 Hippo signal inflammatory micro-environment intercellular interaction microglia single-cell sequencing spinal cord injury

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A Phase-field Model to Simulate Recrystallization in an AZ31 Mg Alloy in Comparison of Experimental Data

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2008年第6期24卷 829-834页

作者： Mingtao WANG b.Y.Zong gang WANG School of Materials and Metallurgy Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China

A model has been established to simulate the realistic spatio-temporal microstructure evolution in recrystallization of a magnesium alloy using the phase field approach. A set of rules have been proposed to decide the real physical value of all parameters in the model. The thermodynamic software THERMOCALC is applied to determine the local chemical free energy and strain energy, which is added to the free energy density of grains before recrystallization. The Arrhenius formula is used to describe boundary mobility and the activity energy is suggested with a value of zinc segregation energy at the boundary. However, the mobility constant in the formula was found out by fitting to a group of grain size measurements during recrystallization of the alloy. The boundary range is suggested to decide the gradient parameters in addition of fitting to the experimental boundary energy value. These parameter values can be regarded as a database for other similar simulations and the fitting rules can also be applied to build up databases for any other alloy systems. The simulated results show a good agreement with reported experimental measurement of the alloy at the temperatures from 300 to 400℃ for up to 100 min but not at 250℃. This implies a mechanism variation in activity energy of the boundary mobility in the alloy at low temperature.

关键词： Static recrystallization Phase field model Magnesium alloys Microstructure

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人口流动对我国高等教育资源配置的影响及对策研究

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黑龙江高教研究 2025年第1期43卷 31-37页

作者：陈茂建吴刚龙福建教育学院福建福州350001 黎明职业大学福建泉州362000

基于2013一2022年31个省份面板数据,使用固定效应模型实证检验人口流动对我国高等教育资源配置的影响。结果发现:第一,人口流动对高等教育资源配置具有显著影响作用,人口净流入地区和净流出地区分别对高等教育资源配置产生负向影响和正... 详细信息

基于2013一2022年31个省份面板数据,使用固定效应模型实证检验人口流动对我国高等教育资源配置的影响。结果发现:第一,人口流动对高等教育资源配置具有显著影响作用,人口净流入地区和净流出地区分别对高等教育资源配置产生负向影响和正向影响;第二,人口流动对高等教育资源配置的影响因地区经济发展水平、城镇化水平以及人口结构的不同而存在差异,东部地区、城镇化水平为中等的地区、中等文化水平程度在人口流动对高等教育资源配置的影响方面均最显著。基于研究结果一,提出以下对策:一是加强人口流入地区的高等教育资源配置;二是优化人口流出地区的高等教育资源配置。基于研究结果二,提出以下对策:一是加强东部地区的高等教育资源配置;二是注重城镇化水平中等地区的高等教育资源配置;三是加强教育普及程度相对均衡地区的高等教育资源配置。

关键词：人口流动高等教育资源配置对策

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SYMMETRIC VORTICAL STRUCTURE AND ITS TOPOLOGICAL STAbILITY

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2005年第5期17卷 552-557页

作者： WANG gang LIANG Xin-gang gang Ming-li Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Exploration and Development Research Institute PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd. Daqing 163712 China

Using time dependent compressible laminar Navier-Stokes equations with a finite volume method incorporating a third-order-accurate discretization scheme, the flow structures around a slender at certain incidences are numerical simulated and typical crossflow patterns are presented. At incidence 10°, these vortical configurations are different at dissimilar axial locations though they are symmetric. At 35°, the symmetric vortical structures still maintain over the slender, yet their interaction at afterbody is intense than that at the forehody since the two vortices have fully developed downstream. The unstable topological structure of trajectory of saddle-to-saddle points and multiple limit cycle are further discussed in topological stability theory. These structures easily produce bifurcation with perturbation. The results support the view of hydrodynamic instability of vortices flow field.

关键词： symmetric vortices slender body flow pattern topological stability flow mechanism

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Expression of the Viral Antigen VP60 in Transgenic Potatoes and its Effect on the Nutritional Composition of Tubers

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第2期2卷 74-86页

作者： Heike Mikschofsky Anja Hartmann Pawel Janczyk Günther M.Keil Patricia Konig Horst Schirrmeier Martin Hammer Holger Junghans Kerstin Schmidt Jorg Schmidtke wol.gang b.souffrant Manfred Schwerin Inge broer Agrobiotechnologie Universitat RostockJustus-von-Liebig-WegGermany Research Group Functional Genomics Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals DummerstorfGermany Research Group Nutritional Physiology Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals DummerstorfGermany Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut SüduferGreifswald-Insel RiemsGermany Norika GmbH ParkwegGroB LüsewitzGermany bioMath GmbH ThünenplatzGroßLüsewitzGermany

Recombinant plant-derived pharmaceuticals have been investigated for the last two decades and some products will soon be brought to market. Since veterinary pharmaceuticals seem to be the front-runners of plant-derived vaccines, we selected one model subunit vaccine, the structural capsid protein VP60 against rabbit haemorrhagic disease, and ana-lyzed the expression of three different sequences representing the vp60 open reading frame in potato plants. The gen-eration of antigenic VP60 molecules in the leaf and tuber tissue of potato was tremendously enhanced by replacing virus-derived sequences with plant-optimized codons. In order to identify potentially undesirable alterations in the composition of these genetically modified food components, we studied their nutrient composition and nutritional value in comparison to two parental conventional breeding varieties (Albatros and Desiree). The largest differences in nutrient composition were found between the two conventional breeds and between conventional Desiree and its near-isogenic genetically modified potato plant, indicating that genetic modification as well as conventional breeding can influence nutrient composition. Nevertheless, most parameters of nutritional value seemed to be more affected by conventional breeding than by genetic modification.

关键词： Recombinant Plant-Derived Vaccines VP60 RHDV Animal Nutrition Nutritional Assessment

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Closed-form breakdown voltage/specific on-resistance model using charge superposition technique for vertical power double-diffused metal–oxide–semiconductor device with high-κ insulator

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Chinese Physics b 2018年第4期27卷 529-535页

作者： Xue Chen Zhi-gang Wang Xi Wang James b Kuo School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiao Tong University Chengdu 611756 China "National" Taiwan University Talpei China

An improved vertical power double-diffused metal–oxide–semiconductor（DMOS） device with a p-region（P1） and high-κ insulator vertical double-diffusion metal–oxide–semiconductor（HKP-VDMOS） is proposed to achieve a better performance on breakdown voltage（bV）/specific on-resistance（Ron,sp） than conventional VDMOS with a high-κ insulator（CHK-VDMOS）.The main mechanism is that with the introduction of the P-region,an extra electric field peak is generated in the drift region of HKP-VDMOS to enhance the breakdown *** to the assisted depletion effect of this p-region,the specific on-resistance of the device could be reduced because of the high doping density of the N-type drift ***,based on the superposition of the depleted charges,a closed-form model for electric field/breakdown voltage is generally derived,which is in good agreement with the simulation result within 10% of *** HKP-VDMOS device with a breakdown voltage of 600 V,a reduced specific on-resistance of 11.5 Ωm·cm^2 and a figure of merit（FOM）（bV^2/Ron,sp）of 31.2 MW·cm^-2 shows a substantial improvement compared with the CHK-VDMOS device.

关键词： superposition HKP-VDMOS breakdown voltage specific on-resistance

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A Third Derivative Estimate for Monge-Ampere Equations with Conic Singularities(Dedicated to Haim brezis on the occasion of his 70th birthday)

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series b 2017年第2期38卷 687-694页

作者： gang TIAN beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Beijing UniversityBeijing 100871China Mathematics Department Princeton Universityfine hallwashington roadprinceton NJ 085441000usa.

The author applies the arguments in his PKU Master degree thesis in 1988 to derive a third derivative estimate, and consequently, a C^(2,α)-estimate, for complex MongeAmpere equations in the conic case. This C^(2,α)-estimate was used by Jeffres-MazzeoRubinstein in their proof of the existence of K¨ahler-Einstein metrics with conic singularities.

关键词： Complex, Monge-Ampere, Conic, C^α-estimate

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A novel hybrid method for aerodynamic noise prediction of high-lift devices

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第9期36卷 151-161页

作者： Jun TAO gang SUN Department of Aeronautics&Astronautics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Aerodynamic Noise Control China Aerodynamics Research and Development CenterMianyang 621000China

Aerodynamic noise of High-Lift Devices(HLDs)is one of the main sources of airframe noise,and has immediate impacts on the airworthiness certification,environmental protection and security of commercial *** this study,a novel hybrid method is proposed for the aerodynamic noise prediction of HLD.A negative Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)turbulence model based Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation(IDDES)method coupling with AFT-2017b transition model is developed,in order to elaborately simulate the complex flow field around the HLD and thus obtain the information of acoustic sources.A Farassat-Kirchhoff hybrid method is developed to filter the spurious noise sources caused by the vortex motions in solving the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings(FW-H)equation with permeable integral surfaces,and accurately predict the far-field noise radiation of the *** results of the 30P30N HLD indicate that,the computational Sound Pressure Levels(SPLs)obtained by the Farassat-Kirchhoff hybrid method conform well with the experimental ones in the spectrum for the given observation point,and are more accurate than those obtained by the Farassat 1A *** on the hybrid method,the acoustic directivity of the HLD of a commercial aircraft is obtained,and the variation of the SPLs in the spectrum with the deflection angle of the slat is analyzed.

关键词： Aerodynamic noise Farassat-Kirchhoff hybrid method High-lift devices IDDES Negative S-A turbulence model

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Generalized stress field in granular soils heap with RayleigheRitz method

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第1期9卷 135-149页

作者： gang bi CH2M Inc. Englewood USA Chongqing Titan Architects-Multi-Disciplinary Practice Co. Chongqing China

The stress field in granular soils heap(including piled coal) will have a non-negligible impact on the settlement of the underlying soils. It is usually obtained by measurements and numerical *** the former method is not reliable as pressure cells instrumented on the interface between piled coal and the underlying soft soil do not work well, results from numerical methods alone are necessary to be doubly checked with one more method before they are extended to more complex cases. The generalized stress field in granular soils heap is analyzed with Rayleighe Ritz method. The problem is divided into two cases: case A without horizontal constraint on the base and case b with horizontal constraint on the base. In both cases, the displacement functions u(x, y) and v(x, y) are assumed to be cubic polynomials with 12 undetermined parameters, which will satisfy the Cauchy’s partial differential equations, generalized Hooke’s law and boundary equations. A function is built with the Rayleighe Ritz method according to the principle of minimum potential energy, and the problem is converted into solving two undetermined parameters through the variation of the function, while the other parameters are expressed in terms of these two parameters. by comparison of results from the Rayleighe Ritz method and numerical simulations, it is demonstrated that the Rayleighe Ritz method is feasible to study the generalized stress field in granular soils heap. Solutions from numerical methods are verified before being extended to more complicated cases.

关键词： Generalized stress field Rayleighe Ritz method Stress depression Variation of the function Principle of minimum potential energy

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On uniqueness and existence of conformally compact Einstein metrics with homogeneous conformal infinity.Ⅱ

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第12期67卷 2789-2822页

作者： gang Li School of Mathematics Shandong UniversityJinan250100China

In this paper,we show that for an Sp(k+1)-invariant metric g on S^(4k+3)(k 1)close to the round metric,the conformally compact Einstein(CCE)manifold(M,g)with(S^(4k+3),[?])as its conformal infinity is unique up to ***,by the result in Li et al.(2017),g is the Graham-Lee metric(see Graham and Lee(1991))on the unit ball b_(1)■R^(4k+4).We also give an a priori estimate of the Einstein metric *** a byproduct of the a priori estimates,based on the estimate and Graham-Lee and Lee's seminal perturbation results(see Graham and Lee(1991)and Lee(2006)),we directly use the continuity method to obtain an existence result of the non-positively curved CCE metric with prescribed conformal infinity(S^(4k+3),[g])when the metric?is Sp(k+1)-*** also generalize the results to the case of conformal infinity(S^(15),[?])with g a Spin(9)-invariant metric in the appendix.

关键词： conformally compact Einstein manifolds prescribed conformal infinity uniqueness and existence of CCE filling-in two-point boundary value problem of nonlinear ODE systems volume comparison total variation

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