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Photomorphogenesis——from One Photoreceptor to 14：40 Years of Progress

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Molecular Plant 2012年第3期5卷 531-532页

作者： winslow r. briggs Chen-Tao Lin 机构不详

In September of 1971, a group of plant biologists assembled for two weeks in Eretria on the Greek island of Euboea （Evia） under the sponsorship of NATO and the University of Athens to participate in a NATO school devoted to studies of role of light signaling in plants. Embedded in the conference was a mini-symposium entitled ＇Annual European Symposium on Photomorphogenesis＇. The generous funding supported grad- uate-student and postdoctoral-fellow participation in the symposium.

关键词： Photomorphogenesis Photoreceptor Progress

Quantitative Changes in Microtubule Distribution Correlate with Guard Cell Function in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2012年第3期5卷 716-725页

作者： William r. Eisinger Viktor Kirik Charlotte Lewis David W. Ehrhardt winslow r. briggs Department of Biology Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA 95053 USA Department of Plant Biology Carnegie Institution for Science Stanford CA 94305 USA School of Biological Sciences Illinois State University Normal IL 61790 USA

radially arranged cortical microtubules are a prominent feature of guard cells. We observed guard cells expressing GFP-tubulin （GFP-TUA6） with confocal microscopy and found recognizable changes in the appearance of micro- tubules when stomata open or close （Eisinger et al., 2012）. In the present study, analysis of fluorescence distribution showed a dramatic increase in peak intensities of microtubule bundles within guard cells as stomata open. This increase was correlated with an increase in the total fluorescence that could be attributed to polymerized tubulin, Adjacent pave- ment cells did not show similar changes in peak intensities or integrated fluorescence when stomatal apertures changed. Imaging of rFP-tagged end binding protein 1 （EB1） and YFP-tagged ^-tubulin expressed in the same cell revealed that the number of microtubules with growing ends remained constant, although the total amount of polymerized tubulin was higher in open than in closed guard cells. Taken together, these results indicate that the changes in microtubule array organization that are correlated with and required for normal guard cell function are characterized by changes in micro- tubule clustering or bundling.

关键词： cell differentiation/specialization cytoskeleton fluorescence imaging organelle biogenesis/function Ara- bidopsis

Phototropins and Their LOV Domains：Versatile Plant Blue-Light receptors

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第1期49卷 4-10页

作者： winslow r. briggs Tong-Seung Tseng Hae-Young Cho Trevor E. Swartz Stuart Sullivan roberto A. Bogomolni Eirini Kaiserli John M. Christie Department of Plant Biology Carnegie Institution of Washington Stanford CA 94305 USA Plant Science Group Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK Department of Chemistry University of California Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA

The phototropins phot1 and phot2 are plant blue-light receptors that mediate phototropism, chloroplast movements, stomatal opening, leaf expansion, the rapid Inhibition of hypocotyl growth in etiolated seedlings, and possibly solar tracking by leaves in those species in which It occurs. The phototroplns are plasma membrane-associated hydrophilic proteins with two chromophore domains （designated LOV1 and LOV2 for their resemblance to domains In other signaling proteins that detect light, oxygen, or voltage） in their Nterminal half and a classic serine/threonlne kinase domain in their C-terminal half. Both chromophore domains bind flavin mononucleotide （FMN） and both undergo light-activated formation of a covalent bond between a nearby cystelne and the C（4a） carbon of the FMN to form the signaling state. LOV2-cystelnyl adduct formation leads to the release downstream of a tightly bound amphlpathlc α-helix, a step required for activation of the klnase function. This cysteinyl adduct then slowly decays over a matter of seconds or minutes to return the photoreceptor chromophore modules to their ground state. Functional LOV2 is required for light-activated phosphorylation and for various blue-light responses mediated by the phototroplns. The function of LOV1 is still unknown, although It may serve to modulate the signal generated by LOV2. The LOV domain Is an ancient chromophore module found In a wide range of otherwise unrelated proteins In fungi and prokaryotes, the latter Including cyanobacterla, eubacterla, and archaea. Further general reviews on the phototropins are those by Celaya and Liscum （2005） and Christie and briggs （2005）.

关键词： blue-light receptor flavin-cysteinyl adduct LOV domain phototropin phototropism

The Subcellular Localization and Blue Light-induced Dynamic relocalization of Phototropin 1 in root and Shoot Cells of Arabidopsis thaliana

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The Subcellular Localization and Blue Light-induced Dynamic ...

Survey of international experts on research priorities to improve care for healthy ageing

The Second International Symposium on Plant Neurobiology

作者： William r Eisinger Weronika Krzeszowiec Halina Gabrys Frantiek Baluka David W.Ehrhardt winslow r briggs Santa Clara University 500 El Camino real CA 95053 Santa ClaraUSA The Jan Zurzycki Institute of Molecular Biology Jagiellonian University Krakow.Poland The Jan Zurzycki Institute of Molecular Biology Jagiellonian University Krakow.Poland Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany University of Bonn Kieschallee 1.D-53115 BonnGermany Carnegie Institution Department of Plant Biology 260 Panama Street CA94305 StanfordUSA Carnegie Institution Department of Plant Biology 260 Panama Street CA94305 StanfordUSA

＜正＞The blue light receptor phototropin 1 （phot1） is a flavin-binding light-activated protein kinase. It serves as the major photoreceptor for phototropism in both roots and shoots. Although the activation of the C-terminal kinase domain has been characterized, the signal transduction pathway between perception of blue light by photl and phototropic responses remains unresolved. In continuation of our previous study with phot1-GFP-transformed Arabidopsis plants lacking photl （Sakamoto et al., 2002）, here we have investigated patterns of subcellular localizations of phot1-GFP in

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第3期12卷 36-39页

作者： Matteo Cesari Yuka Sumi Hyobum Jang Jotheeswaran Amuthavalli Thiyagarajan Yejin Lee rachel Albone Marco Canevelli Monica r Perracini Andrew M briggs Anshu Banerjee Department of Maternal NewbornChild and Adolescent Health and AgeingWorld Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of MilanMilanItaly Department of Human Neuroscience Universitàdegli Studi di Roma La SapienzaRomeItaly Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and SocietyStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Italian National Institute of HealthRomeItaly Master's and Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy Universidade Cidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin enAble InstituteCurtin UniversityPerthWAAustralia

INTrODUCTION The United Nations(UN)Decade of Healthy Ageing(2021–2030),coordinated by the World Health Organization(WHO),1 is a global collaborative initiative aimed at improving the lives of older people,their families and the communities.23 The Action Areas 3(ie,‘deliver person-centred,integrated care and primary health services responsive to older people’)and 4(ie,‘provide access to long-term care(LTC)for older people who need it’)of the Decade’s work programme focus on reorienting health and care systems to promote‘ageing in place’and the delivery of personalised interventions in a seamless continuum of care.

关键词： services ageing centre

Microtubules Are Essential for Guard-Cell Function in Vicia and Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2012年第3期5卷 601-610页

作者： William Eisinger David Ehrhardt winslow briggs Department of Biology Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA 95053 USA Department of Plant Biology Carnegie Institution for Science Palo Alto CA 94305 USA

radially arranged cortical microtubules are a prominent feature of guard cells. Guard cells expressing GFP- tubulin showed consistent changes in the appearance of microtubules when stomata opened or closed. Guard cells showed fewer microtubule structures as stomata closed, whether induced by transfer to darkness, ABA, hydrogen per- oxide, or sodium hydrogen carbonate. Guard cells kept in the dark （closed stomata） showed increases in microtubule struc- tures and stomatal aperture on light treatment. GFP-EB1, marking microtubule growing plus ends, showed no change in number of plus ends or velocity of assembly on stomatal closure. Since the number of growing plus ends and the rate of plus-end growth did not change when microtubule structure numbers declined, microtubule instability and/or rearrange- ment must be responsible for the apparent loss of microtubules. Guard cells with closed stomata showed more cytosolic GFP-fluorescence than those with open stomata as cortical microtubules became disassembled, although with a large net loss in total fluorescence. Microtubule-targeted drugs blocked guard-cell function in Vicia and Arabidopsis. Oryzalin dis- rupted guard-cell microtubules and prevented stomatal opening and taxol stabilized guard-cell microtubules and delayed stomatal closure. Gas exchange measurements indicated that the transgenes for fluorescent-labeled proteins did not dis- rupt normal stomatal function. These dynamic changes in guard-cell microtubules combined with our inhibitor studies provide evidence for an active role of microtubules in guard-cell function.

关键词： cytoskeleton dynamics fluorescence imaging guard cells microtubules

The Subcellular Localization and Blue-Light- Induced Movement of Phototropin 1-GFP in Etiolated Seedlings of Arabidopsis thalianaw

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Molecular Plant 2008年第1期1卷 103-117页

作者： Ying-Lang Wan William Eisinger David Ehrhardt Ulrich Kubitscheck Frantisek Baluska winslow briggs Dept Plant Cell Biology Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany University of Bonn Kirschallee 1 D-53115 Bonn Germany Dept Biology Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA 95053 Dept Plant Biology Carnegie Institution of Washington Stanford CA 94305 Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Wegelerstr. 12 D-53115 Bonn Germany

Phototropin 1 （photl） is a photoreceptor for phototropism, chloroplast movement, stomatal opening, leaf expansion, and solar tracking in response to blue light. Following earlier work with PHOTI：：GFP （Sakamoto and briggs, 2002）, we investigated the pattern of cellular and subcellular localization of photl in 3-4 d old etiolated seedlings of Arabidopsis thalinana. As expressed from native upstream sequences, the PHOTT：GFP fusion protein is expressed strongly in the abaxial tissues of the cotyledons and in the elongating regions of the hypocotyl. It is moderately expressed in the shoot/root transition zone and in cells near the root apex. A fluorescence signal is undetectable in the root epidermis, root cap, and root apical meristem itself. The plasma membranes of mesophyll cells near the cotyledon margin appear labeled uniformly but cross-walls created by recent cell divisions are more strongly labeled. The pattern of labeling of individual cell types varies with cell type and developmental stage. Blue-light treatment causes PHOTI：：GFP, initially relatively evenly distributed at the plasma membrane, to become reorganized into a distinct mosaic with strongly labeled punctate areas and other areas completely devoid of fluorescenco a phenomenon best observed in cortical cells in the hypocotyl elongation region. Concomitant with or following this reorganization, PHOTT：GFP moves into the cytoplasm in all cell types investigated except for guard cells. It disappears from the cytoplasm by an unidentified mechanism after several hours in darkness. Neither its appearance in the cytoplasm nor its eventual disappearance in darkness is prevented by the translation inhibitor cycloheximide, although the latter process is retarded. We hypothesize that blue-light-induced photl relocalization modulates blue-light-activated signal transduction.

关键词： Phototropin 1 (phot1) PHOT1::GFP Arabidopsis thalianaw

Current technical aspects of oncological hepatic surgery

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第2期16卷 147-154页

作者： Ahmed I Salem Emily r winslow Department of Surgery University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health 600 Highland Avenue BX7375 CLINICAL SCIENCE CNTR Madison WI 53792-7375 USA

BACKGrOUND： With the recent advances in oncological hepatic surgery, major liver resections became more widely utilized procedures. The era of modern hepatic surgery witnessed improvements in patients care in preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative aspects. This significantly improved surgical outcomes regarding morbidity and mortality. This review article focuses on the recent advances in oncological hepatic *** SOUrCES： This review includes only data from peer-reviewed articles and journals. Pub Med database was utilized as the primary source of the supporting literature to this review article on the latest advances in oncological hepatic *** and high sensitivity search strategies were performed to search related studies exhaustively up till June 2016. We critically and independently assessed over 50 recent publications written on this topic according to the selection criteria and quality assessment standard. We paid particular attention to the studies published in high impact journals that address the use of the surgical techniques mentioned in the articles in well-known ***： Among all utilized approaches aiming at the preoperative assessment of the liver function, Child-TurcottePugh classification remains the most reliable tool correlating with survival outcome. Although the primary radiological tools including ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging remain on top of the menu of tests utilized in assessment of focal hepatic lesions, intraoperative ultrasonography projects to be a powerful additional tool in terms of sensitivity and specificity compared to the other conventional techniques in assessment of the liver inthe operative setting, a procedure that can change the surgical strategy in 27.2% of the cases and consequently improve the oncological surgical outcome. In addition to the conventional surgical techniques of liver resection and portal vein embolization, associating liver

关键词： liver surgery liver neoplasms technical aspects oncosurgery liver metastasis

Five Years, the First Milestone on the ＇Silk road＇

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Molecular Plant 2013年第1期6卷 1-1页

作者： Sheng Luan Xiao-Ya Chen Natasha raikhel winslow briggs Editors Molecular Plant

When Molecular Plant proposed to publish its first issue five years ago, many in the plant biology community questioned the need for another journal. Indeed, establishing a new journal in the field of almost 200 existing international titles proves to be a difficult task. However, colleagues around the world were soon impressed with the quality and rapid turnaround in this new journal. The most exciting and suc- cessful feature of the Journal was its special issues on cur- rent topics in molecular plant sciences that were organized by leading researchers in a particular field.

关键词： The silk road Plant molecular The mileage Biological communities Science organization The researchers