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Comparison of direct fecal smear microscopy,culture,and polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Blastocystis *** human stool samples

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第10期6卷 780-784页

作者： Herbert J Santos windell l rivera Institute of Biology College of ScienceUniversity of the Philippines Molecular Protozoology laboratory Natural Sciences Research InstituteUniversity of the Philippines

Objective:To compare the sensitivity and specificity of direct fecal smear microscopy,culture,and polymerase chain reaction in the detection of Blastocystis *** human ***:Human stool samples were collected from a community in San Isidro,Rodriguez,Rizal,*** samples were subjected to direct fecal smear microscopy,culture and polymerase chain reaction to detect the presence of Blastocystis ***:Of the 110 stool samples collected,28(25%)were detected positive for the presence of Blastocystis *** two or more *** method detected the highest number of Blastocystis-positive stool samples(n=36),followed by PCR of DNA extracted from culture(n=26),PCR of DNA extracted from stool(n=10),and direct fecal smear(n=9).Compared to culture,the sensitivity of the other detection methods were 66.7%for PCR from culture and 19.4%for both PCR from stool and direct fecal *** of the methods was high,with PCR from culture and direct fecal smear having97.3%,while PCR from stool at 95.9%.Conclusions:In this study,in vitro culture is the best method for detecting Blastocystis *** human stool samples.

关键词： Blastocystis sp. Direct fecal smear Culture Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) Human stool Sensitivity Specificity

Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection of Entamoeba histolytica

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第6期6卷 457-461页

作者： windell l.rivera Vanissa A.Ong Institute of Biology College of ScienceUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines Molecular Protozoology laboratory Natural Sciences Research InstituteUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines

Objective:To develop a loop-mediated isothermal amplification(lAMP) assay for the detection of Entamoeba histolytica(***),the causative agent of ***:The lAMP primer set was designed from *** hemolysin gene *** DNA of *** trophozoites strain HK9 was used to optimize the lAMP mixture and *** of DNA in the lAMP mixture was monitored through visual inspection for turbidity of the lAMP mix as well as addition of fluorescent ***:Positive lAMP reactions turned turbid while negative ones remained *** addition of a fluorescent dye,all positive reactions turned green while the negative control remained orange under ambient light After elecrophoresis in 1.5% agarose gels,a ladder of multiple bands of different sizes can be oliserved in positive samples while no bands were detected in the negative *** sensitivity of the assay was found to be S parasites per reaction which corresponds to approximately 1S.8 ng/μl *** specificity of the assay was verified by the absence of amplified products when DNA from other gastrointestinal parasites such as the morphologically similar but non-pathogenic species,Entamoeba dispar. and other diarrhea-causing organisms such as Blastocystis hominis and Escherichia coli were ***:The *** assay we have developed enables the detection of *** with rapidity and ease,therefore rendering it is suitable for laboratory and field diagnosis of amebiasis.

关键词： Amebiasis Diagnosis DNA Entamoeba histolytica Hemolysin gene loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay

Profiles of Entamoeba histolytica—specific imunoglobulins in human sera

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第3期5卷 234-238页

作者： windell l rivera Herbert J Santos Vanissa A Ong lara Jessica G Murao Institute of Biology College of ScienceUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines Molecular Protozoology laboratory Natural Sciences Research InstituteUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines

Objective:To determine the profdes of anti-Entamoeba histolytica(***) ***. and IgM in sera of diarrheic and non-diarrheic individuals and partially characterize target ***:Serum samples from thirty diarrheic and thirty non-diarrheic individuals were subjected to IgA,IgG,and IgM profiling through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (***),flow cytometry,and ***:ElBA titer results showed that both diarrheic and non-diarrheic individuals possess high levels of ***-specific IgG compared to IgA and *** cytometry data showed that diarrheic serum samples had higher mean reaction percentages against *** cells compared to non-diarrheic *** *** proteins with molecular weights ranging belween 7 kDa and 292 kDa were recognized by diarrheic serum IgG,and 170 kDa and 250 kDa by non-diarrheic serum IgG. Conclusions:Our findings suggest that serum *** IgG,compared with serum *** IgA and IgM responses,was generally high in both diarrheic and nondiarrheic sera,indicating a past exposure to the organism both in symptomatic patients as well as in asymptomatic carriers,*** addition,serum IgG from diarrheic and non-diarrheic patients were able to detect immunogenic *** proteins.

关键词： Entamoeba histolytica IgA IgG IgM ElISA immunoblot flow cytometry

Antibacterial activities of ethanol extracts of Philippine medicinal plants against multidrug-resistant bacteria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第7期5卷 525-532页

作者： Demetrio l.Valle Jr. Jeannie I.Andrade Juliana Janet M.Puzon Esperanza C.Cabrera windell l.rivera Institute of Biology College of Science University of the Philippines Makati Medical Center Natural Sciences Research Institute University of the Philippines Biology Department De La Salle University

Objective: To investigate the antibacterial activities of crude ethanol extracts of 12 Philippine medicinal ***: Crude ethanol extracts from 12 Philippine medicinal plants were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycinresistant Enterococcus, extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and metallo-β-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Results: The leaf extracts of Psidium guajava, Phyllanthus niruri, Ehretia microphylla and Piper betle(P. betle) showed antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus. P. betle showed the highest antibacterial activity for these bacteria in the disk diffusion(16-33 mm inhibition diameter), minimum inhibitory concentration(19-156 μg/m l) and minimum bactericidal concentration(312 μg/m l) assays. P. betle leaf extracts only showed remarkable antibacterial activity for all the Gram-negative multidrug-resistant bacteria(extended spectrum β-lactamaseproducing, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and metallo-β-lactamase-producing) in the disk diffusion(17-21 mm inhibition diameter), minimum inhibitory concentration(312-625 μg/m l) and minimum bactericidal concentration(312-625 μg/m l) assays. Conclusions: P. betle had the greatest potential value against both Gram-negative and Grampositive multidrug-resistant bacteria. Favorable antagonistic activities were also exhibited by the ethanol extracts of Psidium guajava, Phyllanthus niruri and Ehretia microphylla.

关键词： Philippine herbal medicine Multidrug-resistant bacteria Piper betle Psidium guajava Phyllanthus niruri Ehretia microphylla