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ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NITROGEN DEPOSITION ON URBAN FORESTS: AN OVERVIEW

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第3期9卷 445-456页

作者： Enzai DU Nan XIA Yuying GUO Yuehan TIAN Binghe LI Xuejun LIU wim DE VRIES State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Natural Resources Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China National Academy of Agriculture Green Development Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of EducationCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Wageningen University and Research Environmental ResearchPO Box 47NL-6700 AA Wageningenthe Netherlands Wageningen University and Research Environmental Systems Analysis GroupPO Box 47NL-6700 AA Wageningenthe Netherlands

The global urban area is expanding continuously,resulting in unprecedented emissions and deposition of reactive nitrogen(N)in urban ***,large knowledge gaps remain in the ecological effects of N deposition on urban forests that provide key ecosystem services for an increasing majority of city *** current understanding of the spatial patterns and ecological effects of N deposition in urban forests was synthesized based on a literature review of observational and experimental *** deposition generally increases closer to cities,resulting in an urban hotspot *** components of N deposition also shift across urban-suburban-rural gradients,showing higher ratios of ammonium to nitrate in and around urban *** ecological effects of N deposition on urban forest ecosystems are overviewed with a special focus on ecosystem N cycling,soil acidification,nutrient imbalances,soil greenhouse gas emissions,tree growth and forest productivity,and plant and soil microbial *** distinct effects of unprecedented N deposition on urban forests are discussed in comparison with the common effects in natural *** the existing research efforts,several key research needs are highlighted to fill the knowledge gaps in the ecological effects of N deposition on urban forests.

关键词： biodiversity carbon sequestration nitrogen deposition nutrient imbalance soil acidification urban forest

Design of a single all-silicon ring resonator with a 150 nm free spectral range and a 100 nm tuning range around 1550 nm

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Photonics Research 2016年第2期4卷 84-92页

作者： Ang Li Qiangsheng Huang wim Bogaerts Photonics Research Group Department of Information Technology Ghent University-IMEC Center for Nano- and Biophotonics (NB-photonics) Ghent University State Key Laboratory for Modern Optical Instrumentation Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic ResearchZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Sensing Technologies Zhejiang University Luceda Photonics

We present a novel and simple method to obtain an ultrawide free spectral range(FSR) silicon ring resonator together with a tuning range covering the entire spectrum from 1500 to 1600 nm. A ring resonator with a large FSR together with a high Q factor, high tuning efficiency, and low fabrication cost and complexity is desired for many applications. In this paper, we introduce a novel way to make such a ring resonator, which takes advantage of the well-known resonance-splitting phenomenon. It is a single ring resonator with an FSR of more than 150 nm around 1550 nm and which has an easy thermo-optic tunability that can produce a tuning range around 90 nm or even more. Moreover, the device is simple to implement and can be fabricated in standard complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology without requiring any kind of complicated processing or extra *** potential applications include single mode laser cavities, wavelength division multiplexing filters,(de)multiplexers, optical sensors, and integrated reflectors.

关键词： ring mode free

The Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition

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Episodes 2008年第2期31卷 226-229页

作者： wim Z. Hoek Department of Physical Geography Faculty of Geosciences Utrecht University Heidelberglaan 2 NL 3508 TC Utrecht The Netherlands.

The Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition is one of the most intensively studied periods in Earth History. The rapid climate and environmental changes that occurred during the transition can be used to test ideas about the functioning of our climate system. The stratigraphy of this period has been thoroughly investigated and, in particular, the recently proposed event stratigraphy for the Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition based on the Greenland ice core records serves as a tool for synchronisation of records from the ice, marine and terrestrial environment. The causes behind the rapid climate changes are most likely to have been changes in ocean circulation, partly triggered by ice-melting during deglaciation. While the picture for the North Atlantic region is becoming more and more clear, complex patterns of change over the globe remain to be studied. The functioning of the complex feed-back mechanisms requires an interdisciplinary approach between geoscientists from different disciplines.

关键词：冰河-间冰期转换周期地球气候

Innovation Systems and Systems Development:Innovation Systems and Systems Development:Lessons from History and Prospects for the Future

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学术界 2010年第2期 241-249页

作者： wim Ravesteijn Delft University of Technology the Netherlands

This paper addresses the question 'What drives economic growth from a socio-technical perspective'.It discusses the concept of'innovation system',especially at the national level,and its three components: actors and factors,interrelationships and *** examples will be given from eighteenth century England （especially the Watt-Boulton steam engine firm） and the late nineteenth and early twentieth century USA （especially the contribution of Thomas Edison）.Lessons are drawn for China,focusing on Harbin Development Zone.A broader involvement of Chinese society and sustainable engineering are suggested to be conditional for further socio-economic growth.

关键词： Technological innovation self-sustained economic growth industrial revolutions socio-technical systems sustainable development

Development of a hybrid particle-mesh method for simulating free-surface flows

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2017年第3期29卷 413-422页

作者： Jakob Maljaars Robert Jan Labeur Matthias Moller wim Uijttewaal Environmental Fluid Mechanics Section Faculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands Department of Applied Mathematics Delft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands

In this work the feasibility of a numerical wave tank using a hybrid particle-mesh method is *** on the fluid implicit particle method（FLIP）a formulation for the hybrid method is presented for incompressible multiphase flows involving large density jumps and wave generating *** performance of the method is assessed for a standing wave and for the generation and propagation of a solitary wave over a flat and a sloping bed.A comparison is made with results obtained with a well-established SPH *** tests demonstrate that the method is a promising and attractive tool for simulating the nearshore propagation of waves.

关键词： Lagrangian-Eulerian particle-mesh free-surface flows numerical wave flume incompressible Navier-Stokes

Selenium containing macrocycles:transformation between Se-N/Se-S/Se-Se bonds

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第9期60卷 1191-1196页

作者： Shaobo Ji Hicham El Mard Mario Smet wim Dehaen Huaping Xu Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Chemistry University of LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 20OFB-3001 Heveriee(Leuven)Belgium

Macrocycles possess potential applications in supramolecular chemistry and *** development of new kinds of macrocycles is of ***,novel macrocycles containing Se-Se/Se-S bonds were synthesized via transformation between selenium related dynamic covalent bonds.A monomer containing two ebselen moieties was synthesized(M1).The Se-N bonds in M1 were reduced by dithiothreitol,forming Se-S linked dimer(D1).To realize the transformation from Se-S bonds to Se-Se bonds,guest molecules were added as template,triggering the formation of Se-Se linked dimer(D2).The formation of these two new kinds of macrocycles was determined by ~1H NMR and ^(77)Se NMR,and the necessity of guest molecules was also *** introduction of ebselen moieties and Se-S bonds or Se-Se bonds into macrocycles may endow it with new responsiveness and bioactivities,as well as new types of host-guest chemistry.

关键词： macrocycles, selenium, dynamic covalent bonds

Challenges and prospects for consumer acceptance of cultured meat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第2期14卷 285-294页

作者： wim Verbeke Pierre Sans Ellen J Van Loo Department of Agricultural Economics Ghent UniversityGent B-9000 Belgium INP-ENV Toulouse Toulouse 31076 France UR1303 ALISS INRA Ivry-sur-Seine 94205 France

Consumer acceptance of cultured meat is expected to depend on a wide diversity of determinants ranging from technologyrelated perceptions to product-specific expectations, and including wider contextual factors like media coverage, public involvement, and trust in science, policy and society. This paper discusses the case of cultured meat against this multitude of possible determinants shaping future consumer acceptance or rejection. The paper also presents insights from a primary exploratory study performed in April 2013 with consumers from Flanders（Belgium）（n=180）. The concept of cultured meat was only known（unaided） by 13% of the study participants. After receiving basic information about what cultured meat is, participants expressed favorable expectations about the concept. Only 9% rejected the idea of trying cultured meat, while two thirds hesitated and about quarter indicated to be willing to try it. The provision of additional information about the environmental benefits of cultured meat compared to traditional meat resulted in 43% of the participants indicating to be willing to try this novel food, while another 51% indicated to be ‘maybe＇ willing to do so. Price and sensory expectations emerged as major obstacles. Consumers eating mostly vegetarian meals were less convinced that cultured meat might be healthy, suggesting that vegetarians may not be the ideal primary target group for this novel meat substitute. Although exploratory rather than conclusive, the findings generally underscore doubts among consumers about trying this product when it would become available, and therefore also the challenge for cultured meat to mimic traditional meat in terms of sensory quality at an affordable price in order to become acceptable for future consumers.

关键词： acceptance artificial attitude consumer cultured in vitro meat synthetic

Time-domain compact macromodeling of linear photonic circuits via complex vector fitting

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Photonics Research 2019年第7期7卷 86-97页

作者： Yinghao Ye Domenico Spina Dirk Deschrijver wim Bogaerts Tom Dhaene IDLab Department of Information TechnologyGhent University-imecGhentBelgium Photonics Research Group Department of Information TechnologyGhent University-imecGhentBelgium The Center for Nano-and Biophotonics(NB-Photonics) GhentBelgium

In this paper, a novel baseband macromodeling framework for linear passive photonic circuits is proposed, which is able to build accurate and compact models while taking into account the nonidealities,such as higher order dispersion and wavelength-dependent losses of the circuits. Compared to a previous modeling method based on the vector fitting algorithm, the proposed modeling approach introduces a novel complex vector fitting technique. It can generate a half-size state-space model for the same applications, thereby achieving a major improvement in efficiency of the time-domain simulations. The proposed modeling framework requires only measured or simulated scattering parameters as input,which are widely used to represent linear and passive systems. Three photonic circuits are studied to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed technique.

关键词： Time-domain compact circuits parameters

RMA-CNN:A Residual Mixed Domain Attention CNN for Bearings Fault Diagnosis and Its Time-Frequency Domain Interpretability

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Journal of Dynamics, Monitoring and Diagnostics 2023年第2期2卷 115-132页

作者： Dandan Peng Huan Wang wim Desmet Konstantinos Gryllias Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering ScienceKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Flanders Make@KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 300BOX 24203001 LeuvenBelgium Department of Industrial Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Leuven.AI–KU Leuven Institute for AI B-3000LeuvenBelgium

Early fault diagnosis of bearings is crucial for ensuring safe and reliable *** neural networks(CNNs)have achieved significant breakthroughs in machinery fault ***,complex and varying working conditions can lead to inter-class similarity and intra-class variability in datasets,making it more challenging for CNNs to learn discriminative ***,CNNs are often considered“black boxes”and lack sufficient interpretability in the fault diagnosis *** address these issues,this paper introduces a residual mixed domain attention CNN method,referred to as *** method comprises multiple residual mixed domain attention modules(RMAMs),each employing one attention mechanism to emphasize meaningful features in both time and channel *** significantly enhances the network’s ability to learn fault-related ***,we conduct an in-depth analysis of the inherent feature learning mechanism of the attention module RMAM to improve the interpretability of CNNs in fault diagnosis *** conducted on two datasets—a high-speed aeronautical bearing dataset and a motor bearing dataset—demonstrate that the RMA-CNN achieves remarkable results in diagnostic tasks.

关键词： attention interpretability CNN fault diagnosis rolling element bearings