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Role of Calcium in Glucagon Secretion

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2014年第3期4卷 191-196页

作者： willy j. malaisse Department of Biochemistry Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium

The role of calcium ions in the process by which nutrients affect glucagon secretion by pancreatic islet α-cells remains the matter of an apparently endless debate. In the prolongation of recent articles dealing with this matter, the present review draws attention to the dual role of Ca2+ as revealed by prior publications. In such a perspective, emphasis is placed on the increase in glucagon output in response to the omission of extracellular Ca2+ as recorded in the presence of D-glucose or 2-ketoisocaproate, the permissive role of extracellular Ca2+ in the positive secretory response to arginine or a mixture of fumarate, glutamate and pyruvate, and the effects of an organic calcium-antagonist on glucagon output. Considering the role currently ascribed to Ca2+ in the activation of motile events involved in stimulus-secretion coupling, attention is also given to the effects of cytochalasin B, D2O and mitotic-spindle inhibitors upon the secretory response of α-cells exposed to D-glucose in the absence or presence of arginine.

关键词： Calcium Ions Glucagon Secretion Verapamil Nutrional Factors Microtubular-Microfilamentous System

Physiopathology of parotid cell energetics

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2013年第2期3卷 159-163页

作者： Cédric j.rysta Abdullah Sener willy j. malaisse Laboratory of Experimental Hormonology Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium

Attention was recently drawn to the production of D-glucose by salivary glands and its concentration in the saliva of both normal and diabetic subj.cts. Likewise, the identity and expression of selected transporters involved in the handling of the hexose by salivary glands were recently investigated in both normal and diabetic rats. In consideration of this information, the present report aims at providing an integrated review on the physiopathology of parotid cell energetics.

关键词： D-Glucose Metabolism Rat Parotid Cells

Anomeric specificity of D-glucose metabolism study in rat and human erythrocytes

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Impact of inorganic and organic pollutants from a Belgian wastewater treatment plant on adj.cent surface and groundwaters

Advances in Biological Chemistry（生物化学进展） 2012年第1期

作者： willy j. malaisse

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 75-90页

作者： Mingyue Luo Yiqi Su Delphine j.nny Vandeputte Yuwei j.a Guanlei Li willy Baeyens Marij.e Huysmans Marc Elskens Yue Gao Analytical Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department(AMGC)Vrije Universiteit Brussel(VUB)Pleinlaan 21050 BrusselsBelgium Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering(HYDR) Vrije Universiteit Brussel(VUB)Pleinlaan 21050 BrusselsBelgium

Under the pressure of global droughts and water shortage,it is essential to evolve toward a sustainable and robust water *** possible avenue is the maximum reuse of treated wastewater,but the quality of which determines its ***,inorganic(Cd,Pb,Cr,Ni,Cu,and As)and organic(xenoestrogens and polycyclic aromatic contaminants,PACs)contaminants were monthly monitored in an effluent of the wastewater treatment plant(WWTP),the surrounding surface waters and the local groundwater in *** and particulate concentrations of inorganic contaminants in these water bodies were *** addition,Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films(DGT)was used in situ to obtain bioavailable metal *** the WWTP effluent and surface waters,only Ni exceeds the Annual Average-Environmental Quality Standard(AA-EQS),while in the groundwater,dissolved As was the predominant ***,in the surface and effluent waters the highest lability degrees were observed for Cd and *** concentrations of these metal species in the effluent water were lower than in the other water ***-organic pollutants,xenoestrogens and PACs were analyzed by dual Estrogen and Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor-Chemical Activated LUciferase gene eXpression(ER&AhR-CALUX)*** the annual averaged(AA)bioequivalent concentration of E2(0.18 ng/L)is below the AA-EQS standard(0.4 ng/L),and the bioequivalent concentration of benzo[a]pyrene never exceeded the maximum admissible concentration(MAC),the reclamation and reuse of treated wastewater for groundwater replenishment and agricultural irrigation should pose no environmental problems,at least in a short-term.

关键词： Metal contaminants DGT Labile metal fractions ERE/AhR-CALUX BEQ Xenoestrogens and polycyclic aromatic contaminants

Editorial for the Special Issue on Emerging Technology and Advanced Application of Nondestructive Detection for Power Equipment

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Chinese j.urnal of Electrical Engineering 2024年第1期10卷 1-2页

作者： Li j. Mei H. Li S. Tianj.n University China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School China Lanzhou j.aotong University China

The rapid development of clean and renewable energy technologies represented by wind and solar energy,as well as the continuous growth of load demand,have put forward higher requirements for the safe operation of the power *** performance of power equipment based on traditional dielectric materials is often limited by various defects generated during molding,transportation,assembly,and operation,which cannot meet the reliability requirements of power systems in the new *** detection is an essential technical method in industrial development,which can detect and evaluate the defect and damage status of in-service equipment,key components,and materials without damaging the obj.ct.

关键词： service Application operation

Demand-Responsive Transportation Vehicle Routing Optimization Based on Two-Stage Method

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第1期81卷 443-469页

作者： Ma j. Liu H. Chen L. School of Railway Transportation Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201418 China

Demand-responsive transportation (DRT) is a flexible passenger service designed to enhance road efficiency, reduce peak-hour traffic, and boost passenger satisfaction. However, existing optimization methods for initial passenger requests fall short in addressing real-time passenger needs. Consequently, there is a need to develop real-time DRT route optimization methods that integrate both initial and real-time requests. This paper presents a two-stage, multi-obj.ctive optimization model for DRT vehicle scheduling. The first stage involves an initial scheduling model aimed at minimizing vehicle configuration, and operational, and CO2 emission costs while ensuring passenger satisfaction. The second stage develops a real-time scheduling model to minimize additional operational costs, penalties for time window violations, and costs due to rej.cted passengers, thereby addressing real-time demands. Additionally, an enhanced genetic algorithm based on Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is designed, incorporating multiple crossover points to accelerate convergence and improve solution efficiency. The proposed scheduling model is validated using a real network in Shanghai. Results indicate that real-time scheduling can serve more passengers, and improve vehicle utilization and occupancy rates, with only a minor increase in total operational costs. Compared to the traditional NSGA-II algorithm, the improved version enhances convergence speed by 31.7% and solution speed by 4.8%. The proposed model and algorithm offer both theoretical and practical guidance for real-world DRT scheduling. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： artificial intelligence applications Demand responsive transit genetic algorithm muti-obj.ctive optimization

A Facial Expression Recognition Method Integrating Uncertainty Estimation and Active Learning

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第1期81卷 533-548页

作者： Wang Y. Zhang j. Sun R. School of Computer Science and Engineering Chongqing University of Technology Chongqing 400054 China Data Space Research Institute of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei 230088 China

The effectiveness of facial expression recognition (FER) algorithms hinges on the model’s quality and the availability of a substantial amount of labeled expression data. However, labeling large datasets demands significant human, time, and financial resources. Although active learning methods have mitigated the dependency on extensive labeled data, a cold-start problem persists in small to medium-sized expression recognition datasets. This issue arises because the initial labeled data often fails to represent the full spectrum of facial expression characteristics. This paper introduces an active learning approach that integrates uncertainty estimation, aiming to improve the precision of facial expression recognition regardless of dataset scale variations. The method is divided into two primary phases. First, the model undergoes self-supervised pre-training using contrastive learning and uncertainty estimation to bolster its feature extraction capabilities. Second, the model is fine-tuned using the prior knowledge obtained from the pre-training phase to significantly improve recognition accuracy. In the pre-training phase, the model employs contrastive learning to extract fundamental feature representations from the complete unlabeled dataset. These features are then weighted through a self-attention mechanism with rank regularization. Subsequently, data from the low-weighted set is relabeled to further refine the model’s feature extraction ability. The pre-trained model is then utilized in active learning to select and label information-rich samples more efficiently. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly outperforms existing approaches, achieving an improvement in recognition accuracy of 5.09% and 3.82% over the best existing active learning methods, Margin, and Least Confidence methods, respectively, and a 1.61% improvement compared to the conventional segmented active learning method. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： active learning Expression recognition self-supervised learning uncertainty estimation

Helicobacter pylori infection may result in poor gastric cleanliness in magnetically controlled capsule gastroscopy examination: A single-center retrospective study

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic, and Robotic Surgery 2024年第4期7卷 147-154页

作者： Xia j. Fang j. Chen L. Meng Y. Su L. Department of General Practice Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310016 China

Obj.ctive: Magnetically controlled capsule gastroscopy (MCCG) is an effective method for screening gastric diseases; however, its performance may be affected by gastric cleanliness. We aimed to explore the correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and the degree of gastric cleanliness in the MCCG. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 297 participants from October 2020 to April 2024 at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhej.ang University School of Medicine. Participant characteristics, MCCG examination results, and (13) C-urea breath test (C13-UBT) results were collected. The gastric cleanliness in MCCG examinations was assessed using a gastric cleanliness score. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationships among participant characteristics, H. pylori infection, and gastric cleanliness. Chi-square tests and Fisher's exact tests were used to analyze the relationships among gastric lesions, H. pylori infection, and gastric cleanliness. Results: Among the participants, 24.2% had H. pylori infection, and 17.5% had poor gastric cleanliness. Hypertension (odds ratio [OR]: 2.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36–5.09; p = 0.004) was associated with a greater likelihood of H. pylori infection. H. pylori infection (OR: 3.76; 95% CI: 1.99–7.09; p < 0.001) was an independent risk factor for poor gastric cleanliness in the MCCG. A significant disparity was noted in the prevalence of focal erosions (p < 0.001), gastric ulcers (p = 0.001), and positive gastric lesions (p = 0.027) between the 2 groups with and without H. pylori infection. The proportion of positive gastric lesions was not significantly different between the good gastric cleanliness group and the poor gastric cleanliness group (25.7% vs. 21.2%; p = 0.490). Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that H. pylori infection was associated with hypertension. H. pylori infection may lead to poor gastric cleanliness. Institutions are advised to perform C13-UBT before MCCG, and participa

关键词： C-urea breath test Gastric cleanliness Helicobacter pylori Hypertension Magnetically controlled capsule gastroscopy

Risk of Tropical Cyclones and Floods to Power Grids in Southeast and East Asia

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INTERNATIONAL j.URNAL OF DISASTER RISK SCIENCE 2024年第4期15卷 494-507页

作者： Ye, Mengqi Ward, Philip j. Bloemendaal, Nadia Nirandj.n, Sadhana Koks, Elco E. Vrij. Univ Amsterdam Inst Environm Studies NL-1081 HV Amsterdam Netherlands Deltares NL-2629 HV Delft Netherlands Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst KNMI NL-3731 GA De Bilt Netherlands

Power grids play a critical role in modern society, serving as the lifeline of a well-functioning economy. This article presents a first large-scale study on the risk estimation of tropical cyclone (TC)-induced winds and coastal floods, which can widely impact power grids in Southeast and East Asia. Our comprehensive risk model incorporates detailed infrastructure data from OpenStreetMap (OSM) and government power grid maps, along with global hazard maps and vulnerability curves. The results reveal that the estimated expected annual damages from TCs and coastal floods to OSM-mapped assets account for approximately 0.07% (0.00-0.38%) and 0.02% (0.00-0.02%) of the total GDP of the study area, respectively. We analyzed the main sources of uncertainty in the risk model and emphasized the importance of understanding asset vulnerability. These results highlight the urgent need to strengthen power infrastructure to withstand the impacts of natural hazards, and the significance of reliable risk information for improving power grid design and planning. Focusing on developing more region-specific infrastructure data and vulnerability curves will improve the accuracy of risk estimation and provide valuable insights not only for the electricity sector but also for customers of other infrastructure systems that heavily rely on a stable supply of electricity.

关键词： Asset level Coastal floods Power grids Risk analysis Tropical cyclones Vulnerability curves DAMAGE INFRASTRUCTURE ADAPTATION FRAMEWORK IMPACTS SYSTEMS COSTS