We briefly introduce and describe seven questions related to community structure and biodiversity conservation that can be addressed using field experiments,and provide the context for using the vast geographic divers...
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We briefly introduce and describe seven questions related to community structure and biodiversity conservation that can be addressed using field experiments,and provide the context for using the vast geographic diversity,biodiversity,and network of Nature Reserves in China to perform these *** is the world's third largest country,has a diverse topography,covers five climatic zones from cold-temperate to tropical,has 18 vegetation biomes ranging from Arctic / alpine tundra and desert to Tropical rain forest,and supports the richest biodiversity in the temperate northern hemisphere( > 10%of the world total). But this tremendous natural resource is under relentless assault that threatens to destroy biodiversity and negatively impact the services ecosystems provide. In an attempt to prevent the loss of biodiversity,China has established 2,729 nature reserves which cover 14.84% of the nation' s area. Unfortunately underfunding,mismanagement,illegal activities,invasive species and global climate change threaten the effectiveness of these protected areas. Attention has focused on protecting species and their habitats before degradation and loss of either species or habitats occur. Here we argue that we must move beyond the simple protection of ecosystems,beyond their description,and by using experiments,try to understand how ecosystems work. This new understanding will allow us to design conservation programs,perform restoration of damaged or degraded areas,and address resource management concerns( e.g.,agriculture,logging,mining,hunting) more effectively than with the current approach of ad hoc reactions to ecological and environmental problems. We argue that improving our understanding of nature can best be done using well designed,replicated,and typically manipulative field experiments.
This article is the 13th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series,wherein 125 taxa from four phyla,ten classes,31 orders,69 families,92 genera and three genera incertae sedis are treated,demonstrating worldwi...
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This article is the 13th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series,wherein 125 taxa from four phyla,ten classes,31 orders,69 families,92 genera and three genera incertae sedis are treated,demonstrating worldwide and geographic *** taxa described and illustrated in the present study include three new genera,69 new species,one new com-bination,one reference specimen and 51 new records on new hosts and new geographical *** new genera,Cylindrotorula(Torulaceae),Scolecoleotia(leotiales genus incertae sedis)and Xenovaginatispora(lindomycetaceae)are introduced based on distinct phylogenetic lineages and unique *** described species are Aspergillus lan-naensis,Cercophora dulciaquae,Cladophialophora aquatica,Coprinellus punjabensis,Cortinarius alutarius,***-latus,***,Coryneum fagi,Cruentomycena uttarakhandina,Cryptocoryneum rosae,Cyathus uniperidiolus,Cylindrotorula indica,Diaporthe chamaeropicola,Didymella azollae,Diplodia alanphillipsii,Dothiora coronicola,Efibula rodriguezarmasiae,Erysiphe salicicola,Fusarium queenslandicum,Geastrum gorgonicum,***,Helicosporium sexualis,Helminthosporium chiangraiensis,Hongkongmyces kokensis,Hydrophilomyces hydraenae,Hygrocybe boertmannii,Hyphoderma australosetigerum,Hyphodontia yunnanensis,Khaleijomyces umikazeana,laboulbenia divisa,laboulbenia triarthronis,laccaria populina,lactarius pallidozonarius,lepidosphaeria strobelii,longipedicellata megafusiformis,lophiotrema lincangensis,Marasmius benghalensis,***,***,Mariannaea camelliae,Mel-anographium smilaxii,Microbotryum polycnemoides,Mimeomyces digitatus,Minutisphaera thailandensis,Mortierella solitaria,Mucor harpali,Nigrograna jinghongensis,Odontia huanrenensis,***,Paraconiothyrium ajrekarii,Par-afuscosporella niloticus,Phaeocytostroma yomensis,Phaeoisaria synnematicus,Phanerochaete hainanensis,Pleopunctum thailandicum,Pleurotheciella dimorphospora,Pseudochaetosphaeronema
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