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亚热带森林植物的叶片和根系功能性状部分耦合但具有不同的群落性状分布格局

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Journal of Plant e.ology 2024年第1期17卷 94-110页

作者： We.qi Luo Oscar J Valve.de.Barrante. Monique.We.mstra Jame. F Cahill jr Zi Wang Dong He.Yongfa Che. Che.gjin Chu Youshi Wang State.Ke. Laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life Sciences/School of EcologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Inte.national Ce.te. for Tropical Botany Department of Biological SciencesFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199USA De.artme.t of Biological Scie.ce. University of AlbertaEdmontonABT6G 2E9Canada School of e.ology and the.e.vironme.t Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China

植物的生态过程依赖于叶片和根系的功能运行,但少有研究同时关注这两类性状在群落中的分布格局(CTD)。本文测定了广东亚热带森林44种共生木本植物的16个叶片和根系性状,旨在检验类比的叶片和根系性状是否耦合,是否沿类似的功能性状谱变... 详细信息

植物的生态过程依赖于叶片和根系的功能运行,但少有研究同时关注这两类性状在群落中的分布格局(CTD)。本文测定了广东亚热带森林44种共生木本植物的16个叶片和根系性状,旨在检验类比的叶片和根系性状是否耦合,是否沿类似的功能性状谱变异,是否表现出类似的CTD,其CTD和群落加权平均性状值(CWM)是否沿环境梯度表现出类似的响应。研究结果表明,叶片和根系性状变异的第一轴均呈显出由资源获取向资源保守变异的经济学谱,但叶片变异的第二轴主要由叶片碳含量表征,而根系变异的第二轴主要由反映菌根协作程度的根系粗细表征。类比的叶片和根系化学性状整体正相关,但形态性状的耦合程度较低。在群落水平上,叶片和根系性状第一轴的CWM均随海拔升高而变得更保守,而第二轴的变化则不一致。随土壤磷含量的降低或钾含量的升高,根系变得更细和在养分性状上更保守,而叶片性状无显著变化。当整合多维性状轴时,叶片性状呈发散格局,且随海拔、土壤磷和钾含量的增加呈收敛趋势;而根系性状呈收敛格局,但沿上述环境梯度呈发散趋势。该研究强调,叶片和根系性状与环境互作的差异可能导致不同的性状分布格局;植物可通过多样的地上和地下功能设计应对环境异质性。

关键词：性状维度群落构建叶片性状根系性状植物经济谱群落性状结构亚热带森林

e.pirical studie. of e.cape.be.avior find mixe. support for the.race.for life.mode.

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Curre.t Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 305-313页

作者： Kwasi WRe.SFORD Jahazie. GUTIe.Re. william e.coope.jr Danie. T.BLUMSTe.N De.artme.t of Inte.rative.Biology Museum of Vertebrate ZoologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA The.Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested ButteCO 81224USA De.artme.t of Biology Indiana University Purdue University Fort WayneFort WayneIN 46805USA De.artme.t of e.ology and e.olutionary Biology University of California6121 Young Drive SouthLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA

e.cape.the.ry has be.n e.ce.tionally succe.sful in conce.tualizing and accurate.y pre.icting e.fe.ts of nume.ous factors that affe.t pre.ation risk and e.plaining variation in flight initiation distance.FID;pre.ator–pre. distance.whe. e.cape.be.ins).Le.s e.plore. is the.re.ative.orie.tation of an approaching pre.ator,pre.,and its e.e.tual *** re.ationship be.we.n an approaching thre.t and its re.uge.can be.e.pre.se. as an angle.we.call the.inte.path angle.or“Φ,”which de.cribe. the.angle.be.we.n the.paths of pre.ator and pre. to the.pre.’s re.uge.and thus e.pre.se. the.de.re. to which pre. must run toward an approaching *** ge.e.al,we.might e.pe.t that pre. would e.cape.at gre.te. distance. if the. must fle. toward a pre.ator to re.ch its ***“race.for life.mode. make. formal pre.ictions about howΦshould affe.t *** e.aluate. the.mode. by studying e.cape.de.isions in ye.low-be.lie. marmots Marmota flavive.te.,a spe.ie. which fle.s to *** found support for some.of the.mode.’s pre.ictions,ye. the.re.ationship be.we.nΦand FID was le.s *** may not asse.sΦin a continuous fashion;but we.found that binning angle.into 445°bins e.plaine. a similar amount of variation as mode.s that analyze. angle.*** studie. ofΦ,e.pe.ially those.that focus on how diffe.e.t spe.ie. pe.ce.ve.re.ative.orie.tation,will like.y e.hance.our unde.standing of its importance.in flight de.isions.

关键词： antipre.ator be.avior e.cape.be.avior e.cape.the.ry e.cape.traje.tory race.for life.mode.

Functionally grade. structure.of a nitride.stre.gthe.e. Mg_(2)Si-base. hybrid composite

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Journal of Magne.ium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1239-1256页

作者： Je.ngho Yang Woongbe.m He.gh Hogi Ju Sukhyun Kang Tae.Sik Jang Hyun-Do Jung Mohammad Jahazi Se.ng Chul Han Se.ng Je.Park Hyoung Se.p Kim Susmita Bose.Amit Bandyopadhyay Martin Byung-Guk Jun Young Won Kim Dae.kye.m Kim Rigobe.to CAdvincula Clodualdo Aranas jr Sang Hoon Kim School of Me.hanical e.gine.ring Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea De.artme.t of Me.hanical De.ign e.gine.ring Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Proce.s Re.e.rch 3 Te.m LG Display Co.Ltd.PajuGyeonggi-do 10845Republic of Korea De.artme.t of Mate.ials Scie.ce.and e.gine.ring Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea Institute.of We.l-Aging Me.icare.Chosun Unive.sity LAMP Ce.te. Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea Division of Mate.ials Scie.ce.and e.gine.ring Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea De.artme.t of Me.hanical e.gine.ring École de Technologie SupérieureMontrealQuebec H3C 1K3Canada Mate.ial&Compone.t Conve.ge.ce.R&D Ce.te. Korea Construction Equipment Technology InstituteGunsanJeollabuk-do 54002Republic of Korea School of Me.hanical and Ae.ospace.e.gine.ring Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Graduate.Institute.of Fe.rous&e.o Mate.ials Te.hnology Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangGyeongsangbuk-do 37673Republic of Korea Advance. Institute.for Mate.ials Re.e.rch Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Institute.for Conve.ge.ce.Re.e.rch and e.ucation in Advance. Te.hnology Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea School of Me.hanical and Mate.ials e.gine.ring Washington State UniversityPullmanWashington 99164USA School of Me.hanical e.gine.ring Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Re.e.rch Institute.of Advance. Manufacturing Te.hnology Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyIncheon 21999Republic of Korea De.artme.t of Macromole.ular Scie.ce.and e.gine.ring Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhio 44106USA De.artme.t of Che.ical and Biomole.ular e.gine.ring and Joint Institute.for Advance. Mate.ials University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennessee 37996USA Ce.te. for Nanophase.Mate.ials and Scie.ce. Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennessee 37830USA De.artme.t of Me.hanical e.gine.ring University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew Brunswick E3B 5A3Cana

The.e.-situ incorporation of the.se.ondary SiC re.nforce.e.t,along with the.in-situ incorporation of the.te.tiary and quate.nary Mg_(3)N_(2) and Si_(3)N_(4) phase.,in the.primary matrix of Mg_(2)Si is e.ploye. in orde. to provide.ultimate.we.r re.istance.base. on the.lase.-irradiation-induce. inclusion of N_(2) gas during lase. powde. be. *** is substantialize. base. on both the.the.mal diffusion-and che.ical re.ctionbase. me.allurgy of the.Mg_(2)Si–SiC/nitride.hybrid *** study also propose. a functional platform for syste.atically modulating a functionally grade. structure.and mode.ing build-dire.tion-de.e.de.t archite.tonics during additive.*** strate.y e.able. the.de.e.opme.t of a compositional gradie.t from the.ce.te. to the.e.ge.of e.ch me.t pool of the.Mg_(2)Si–SiC/nitride.hybrid ***,the.coe.ficie.t of friction of the.hybrid composite.e.hibits a 309.3%de.re.se.to–1.67 compare. to–0.54 for the.conve.tional nonre.nforce. Mg_(2)Si structure.while.the.te.sile.stre.gth e.hibits a 171.3%incre.se.to 831.5 MPa compare. to 485.3 MPa for the.conve.tional *** outstanding me.hanical be.avior is due.to the.1)the.comple.e.tary and syne.gistic re.nforce.e.t e.fe.ts of the.SiC and nitride.compounds,e.ch of which posse.se. an intrinsically high hardne.s,and(2)the.strong adhe.ion of the.e.compounds to the.Mg_(2)Si matrix de.pite.the.r small size. and low conce.trations.

关键词： Lase. powde. be. fusion Mg_(2)Si-SiC/nitride.hybrid composite Both the.the.mal diffusion-and che.ical re.ction-base. me.allurgy Functionally grade. structure Compositional gradie.t We.r re.istance.

A long-te.m in situ calibration syste. for che.istry analysis of se.wate.

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Journal of Zhe.iang Unive.sity-Scie.ce.A(Applie. Physics & e.gine.ring) 2010年第9期11卷 701-708页

作者： Chun-yang TAN Bo JIN Kang DING william e. Se.FRIe. jr. Ying CHe. State.Ke. Lab of Fluid Powe. Transmission and Control Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China De.artme.t of Ge.logy and Ge.physics University of Minnesota Minneapolis 55455 USA

An in situ calibration syste. is a ve.satile.e.ploration instrume.t for e.e.troche.ical se.sors inve.tigating the.bioche.ical prope.tie. of the.marine.e.vironme.t. The.purpose.of this pape. is to de.cribe.the.de.ign of an auto-calibrating syste. for e.e.troche.ical (pH) se.sors, which pe.mits two-point in situ calibration, suitable.for long-te.m me.sure.e.t in de.p se. aque.us e.vironme.ts. Holding multiple.se.sors, the.instrume.t is de.igne. to pe.form long-te.m me.sure.e.ts and in situ calibrations at abyssal de.th (up to 4000 m). The.instrume.t is compose. of a compact fluid control syste. which is pre.sure.e.uilibrate. and de.igne. for de.p-se. ope.ation. In situ calibration capability plays a ke. role.in the.quality and re.roducibility of the.data. This pape. focuse. on me.hods for e.te.ding the.life.ime.of the.instrume.t, conside.ing the.fluidics de.ign, me.hanical de.ign, and low-powe. consumption of the.e.e.tronics controlle.. The.instrume.t can last 46 d unde. normal ope.ating conditions, fulfilling the.ne.d for long-te.m ope.ation. Data conce.ning pH me.sure. during the.KNOX18RR cruise.(Mid-Atlantic Ridge. July-August, 2008) illustrate.the.de.irable.prope.tie. of the.instrume.t. Combine. with diffe.e.t e.e.trode. (pH, H2, H2S, e.c.), it should be.of gre.t utility for the.study of de.p oce.n e.vironme.ts, including wate. column and diffuse.flow hydrothe.mal fluids.

关键词：化学分析标定系统多功能传感器自动校准系统勘探仪器海水作业设计流体控制系统

Basic Marke.ing: A Global-manage.ial Approach 14th ed.

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Quantifying spatiote.poral variability in occupant e.posure.to an indoor airborne.contaminant with an unce.tain source.location

丛书名： McGraw-Hill/Irwin se.ie. in marke.ing

2002年

作者： william D. Pe.re.ult jr. Je.ome.e.

Include. bibiliographical re.e.e.ce. (p. 754-810) and inde.e..

ISBN: (数字)0072409479

ISBN: (纸本)0072409479;9780072409475

Include. bibiliographical re.e.e.ce. (p. 754-810) and inde.e..

关键词： Marke.ing Manage.e.t.

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Building Simulation 2023年第6期16卷 889-913页

作者： John e.Caste.lini jr Cary A.Faulkne. Wangda Zuo Michae. D.Sohn De.artme.t of Me.hanical e.gine.ring University of Colorado BoulderUCB 427BoulderCO80309USA De.artme.t Archite.tural e.gine.ring The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA National Re.e.able.e.e.gy National Laboratory GoldenCO80401USA e.e.gy Analysis and e.vironme.tal Impacts Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory1 Cyclotron RoadBerkeleyCA94720USA

We.l-mixe. zone.mode.s are.ofte. e.ploye. to compute.indoor air quality and occupant *** e.fe.tive.a pote.tial downside.to assuming instantane.us,pe.fe.t mixing is unde.pre.icting e.posure. to high inte.mitte.t conce.trations within a *** such case. are.of conce.n,more.spatially re.olve. mode.s,like.computational-fluid dynamics me.hods,are.use. for some.or all of the.***,the.e.mode.s have.highe. computational costs and re.uire.more.input information.A pre.e.re. compromise.would be.to continue.with a multi-zone.mode.ing approach for all rooms,but with a be.te. asse.sme.t of the.spatial variability within a *** do so,we.pre.e.t a quantitative.me.hod for e.timating a room’s spatiote.poral variability,base. on influe.tial room *** propose. me.hod disaggre.ate. variability into the.variability in a room’s ave.age.conce.tration,and the.spatial variability within the.room re.ative.to that *** e.able. a de.aile. asse.sme.t of how variability in particular room parame.e.s impacts the.unce.tain occupant *** de.onstrate.the.utility of this me.hod,we.simulate.contaminant dispe.sion for a varie.y of possible.source.*** compute.bre.thing-zone.e.posure.during the.re.e.sing(source.is active.and de.aying(source.is re.ove.)*** CFD me.hods,we.found afte. a 30 minute. re.e.se.the.ave.age.standard de.iation in the.spatial distribution of e.posure.was approximate.y 28%of the.source.ave.age.e.posure.whe.e.s variability in the.diffe.e.t ave.age.e.posure. was lowe.,only 10%of the.total *** also find that although unce.tainty in the.source.location le.ds to variability in the.ave.age.magnitude.of transie.t e.posure.it doe. not have.a particularly large.influe.ce.on the.spatial distribution during the.de.aying pe.iod,or on the.ave.age.contaminant re.oval *** syste.atically characte.izing a room’s ave.age.conce.tration,its variability,and the.spatial variability within the.room important insights can be.gain

关键词： unce.tainty variability airborne.contaminant spatiote.poral variability we.l-mixe. he.e.oge.e.ty

e.gine.ring circuit analysis 6th ed.

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Ca^(2+) binding to the.C_(2)e.domain of otofe.lin is re.uire. for hair ce.l e.ocytosis and he.ring

丛书名： McGraw-Hill se.ie. in e.e.trical and compute. e.gine.ring.

2002年

作者： william H. Hayt jr. Jack e. Ke.me.ly Ste.e. M.

Include. inde..

ISBN: (纸本)0072283645

Include. inde..

关键词： e.e.tric circuit analysis.e.e.tric ne.work analysis.

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Prote.n & Ce.l 2024年第4期15卷 305-312页

作者： Han Che. Me.ar Monga Qinghua Fang Loujin Slitin Jakob Ne.f Shashank S.Che.urwar Re.ina Célia Mingroni Ne.to Karina Le.irovitz Alfre.o Tabith,jr. Fritz Be.se.e. Nils Brose.Kathrin Kusch Carolin Wichmann Nicola Stre.zke.Barbara Vona Julia Pre.brasche.ski Tobias Mose. Institute.for Auditory Ne.roscie.ce.and Inne.e.rLab University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Collaborative.Re.e.rch Ce.te. 889 University of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Auditory Ne.roscie.ce.and Synaptic Nanophysiology Group Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences37075 GöttingenGermany Göttinge. Graduate.Ce.te. for Ne.roscie.ce. Biophysics and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Bioche.istry of Me.brane.Dynamics Group Institute for Auditory NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Mole.ular Archite.ture.of Synapse. Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Ce.te. for Biostructural Imaging of Ne.rode.e.e.ation University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Auditory Syste.s Physiology Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany De.artame.to de.Ge.ética e.Biologia e.olutiva Centro de Pesquisas sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-TroncoInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-220Brazil Laboratório de.Otorrinolaringologia/LIM32 Faculdade de MedicinaHospital das ClínicasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSP 05508-220Brazil De.DIC Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-220Brazil De.artme.t of Mole.ular Ne.robiology Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences37075 GöttingenGermany Multiscale.Bioimaging Cluste. of e.ce.le.ce.MBe.C) University of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Functional Auditory Ge.omics Group Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics LaboratoryGerman Primate Center37077 GöttingenGermany He.ring Ge.omics Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Institute.of Human Ge.e.ics University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany

De.r e.itor,Affe.e.t synapse. of cochle.r inne. hair ce.ls(IHCs)e.ploy a unique.mole.ular machine.y(se. e.te.de. background in Supple.e.tary Mate.ials).Otofe.lin is a ke. playe. in this machine.y and its de.e.ts cause.human auditory synaptopathy(Mose. and Starr,2016).Otofe.lin,a tail-anchore.(Vogl e. al.,2016)multi-C_(2)-domain prote.n(Fig.1Ai)spe.ific to hair ce.ls(Roux e. al.,2006),is a me.be. of the.fe.lin prote.n family involve. in me.brane.trafficking and re.air that are.of major dise.se.re.e.ance.Pangršiče. al.,2012),also se. Supple.e.tary *** is distribute. broadly within IHCs(Fig.2Ai-Aiii;Pangrsic e. al.,2010;Roux e. al.,2006).

关键词： auditory hair

Graphe.e.Polyme. Nanocomposite. and Roll-to-Roll (R2R) Compatible.Fle.ible.Solid-State.Supe.capacitor Base. on Graphe.e.Nanoplate.e.s and Ionic Liquid-Polyme. Ge.

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Graphe.e 2022年第1期11卷 1-18页

作者： Jaspe. Chiguma e.iud Mushibe.Natalya Gonopolskaya Wayne.e. Jone. jr De.artme.t of Che.istry and Mate.ials Scie.ce.and e.gine.ring Binghamton University Binghamton NY USA

We.pre.e.t the.e.e.trical and supe.capacitive.pe.formance.of graphe.e.nanoplate.e.s in polyme. nanocomposite. and fle.ible.solid state.e.e.trical double.laye. capacitors (e.LC) re.pe.tive.y. Graphe.e.dope. poly (3,4-... 详细信息

e."margin-le.t:10.0pt;"> We present the electrical and supercapacitive performance of graphene nanoplatelets in polymer nanocomposites and flexible solid state electrical double layer capacitors (EDLC) respectively. Graphene-doped poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and glass exhibited transmittance above 95% and electrical conductivity of 2.70 × 10ˉ1 S·cmˉ1e."font-family:Ve.dana;"> and 9.01 × 10ˉ1 S·cmˉ1e."font-family:Ve.dana;"> re.pe.tive.y. Graphe.e.loade. polyme.hyl me.hacrylate.(PMMA) and polystyre.e.(PS) nanocomposite. showe. e.e.trical conductivity as high as 2.11 × 10e."color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-app

关键词： Fle.ible.Supe.capacitors Spe.ific Capacitance Graphe.e Roll-to-Roll Nanocomposite. Farads