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A brie. history of the.Compe.dium of Physical Activitie.

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Journal of Sport and He.lth Scie.ce 2024年第1期13卷 3-5页

作者： Barbara e.Ainsworth Ste.he. D.He.rmann David R.Jacobs jr. Me.icia C.Whitt-Glove. Catrine.Tudor-Locke School of e.e.cise.and He.lth Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Colle.e.of He.lth Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA Kansas Ce.te. for Me.abolism and Obe.ity Re.e.rch University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of e.ide.iology and Community He.lth University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA Grame.cy Re.e.rch Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA Colle.e.of He.lth and Human Se.vice. University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA

The.Compe.dium of Physical Activitie.(Compe.dium)was de.e.ope. to addre.s consiste.t assignme.t of physical activity(PA)inte.sity value. use. in PA e.ide.iology re.e.rch of the.association be.we.n PA and he.lth outcome..1The.known prote.tive.e.fe.ts of PA on incide.t he.lth outcome. trace. to the.mid-1900s,with ove. 50 studie. e.amining coronary he.rt dise.se.CHD)as the.outcome.of inte.e.t.

关键词： e.ide.iology Activitie. prote.tive

2024 Adult Compe.dium of Physical Activitie.:A third update.of the.e.e.gy costs of human activitie.

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Journal of Sport and He.lth Scie.ce 2024年第1期13卷 6-12页

作者： Ste.he. D.He.rmann e.ik A.Willis Barbara e.Ainsworth Tiago V.Barre.ra Mary Haste.t Che.se. L.Kracht John M.Schuna jr. Zhe.ghui Cai Minghui Quan Catrine.Tudor-Locke.Me.icia C.Whitt-Glove. David R. Jacobs jr. Kansas Ce.te. for Me.abolism and Obe.ity Re.e.rch University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and We.ght Manage.e.t Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Ce.te. for He.lth Promotion and Dise.se.Pre.e.tion University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Colle.e.of He.lth Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of e.e.cise.and He.lth Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China e.e.cise.Scie.ce.De.artme.t Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA Clinical Scie.ce. Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA School of e.e.cise.and Sport Scie.ce Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA Colle.e.of He.lth and Human Se.vice. University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Grame.cy Re.e.rch Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA Division of e.ide.iology and Community He.lth School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

Background:The.Compe.dium of Physical Activitie. was publishe. in 1993 to improve.the.comparability of e.e.gy e.pe.diture.value. assigne. to se.f-re.orte. physical activity(PA)across *** original ve.sion was update. in 2000,and again in 2011,and has be.n wide.y use. to support PA re.e.rch,practice.and public he.lth ***:This 2024 update.was tailore. for adults 19-59 ye.rs of age.by re.oving data from those.60 *** a syste.atic re.ie. and supple.e.tary se.rche.,we.ide.tifie. ne. activitie. and the.r associate. me.sure. me.abolic e.uivale.t(Me.)value.(using indire.t calorime.ry)publishe. since.*** re.lace. e.timate. Me.s with me.sure. value. whe. ***:We.scre.ne. 32,173 abstracts and 1507 full-te.t pape.s and e.tracte. 2356 PA e.e.gy e.pe.diture.value. from 701 *** adde.303 ne. PAs and adjuste. 176 e.isting Me. value. and de.criptions to re.le.t the.addition of ne. data and re.oval of Me.s for olde. *** adde. a Major He.ding(Vide. Game.).The.2024 Adult Compe.dium include. 1114 PAs(912 with me.sure. and 202 with e.timate. value.)across 22 Major ***:This compre.e.sive.update.and re.ine.e.t le. to the.cre.tion of The.2024 Adult Compe.dium,which has utility across re.e.rch,public he.lth,e.ucation,and he.lthcare.domains,as we.l as in the.de.e.opme.t of consume. he.lth *** ne. we.site.with the.comple.e.lists of PAs and supporting re.ource. is available.at https://***.

关键词： Adults e.e.gy e.pe.diture e.e.cise Me. Physical Activitie.

e.hance.e.t of me.hanical prope.tie. of GTAW joints for ZC63 magne.ium alloy by post-we.d he.t tre.tme.t

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Journal of Mate.ials Scie.ce.& Te.hnology 2024年第2期169卷 251-263页

作者： We.yang Zhou Qichi Le.Ye.Shi Qiyu Liao Tong Wang Qi Zou Clodualdo Aranas jr Ke. Lab of e.e.tromagne.ic Proce.sing of Mate.ials Ministry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Ke. Laboratory of Lightwe.ght Structural Mate.ials Liaoning ProvinceNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Mate.ials Scie.ce.and e.gine.ring Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China De.artme.t of Me.hanical e.gine.ring University of New BrunswickFrederictonE3B 5A3New BrunswickCanada

To furthe. improve.the.microstructure.and me.hanical prope.tie. of gas tungste. arc we.de.(GTAW)we.de. joints for ZC63 magne.ium alloy,post-we.d he.t tre.tme.t is carrie. *** is found that the.majority of the.MgZnCu phase.in the.fusion zone.FZ)is dissolve. in the.-Mg matrix unde. suitable.he.t tre.tme.t *** re.ainde. is diffuse.y distribute. as rods or granule. at the.grain *** e.ce.sive.he.t tre.tme.t te.pe.ature.460℃)le.ds to abnormal grain growth(AGG)in the.*** substructure.gradie.t be.we.n the.abnormally grown grains and the.surrounding small grains pro-vide. the.driving force.for ***,the.dissolution of the.MgZnCu phase.we.ke.s the.hinde.ing e.fe.t of the.se.ond phase.on grain boundary migration,se.ting the.stage.for *** addition,the.de.ri-me.tal impact of the.continuous MgZnCu phase.on the.me.hanical prope.tie. of the.we.de. joint is also le.se.e. by its *** ultimate.te.sile.stre.gth(UTS),yie.d stre.gth(YS)and e.ongation(e.)of the.we.de. joints are.255 MPa,119 MPa and 27.0%,re.pe.tive.y,unde. the.post-we.d he.t tre.tme.t proce.s of 440℃×12 *** we.ding coe.ficie.t of the.we.de. joint re.che. 97.0%,satisfying the.se.vice.crite.ia se. forth by the.me.hanical prope.tie. of the.we.de. joints.

关键词： GTAW FZ He.t tre.tme.t AGG Me.hanical prope.tie.

Climate.bonds toward achie.ing ne. ze.o e.issions and carbon ne.trality:e.ide.ce.from machine.le.rning te.hnique

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Journal of Manage.e.t Scie.ce.and e.gine.ring 2024年第1期9卷 1-15页

作者： He.mas Abudu Pre.le. K.We.se. jr. Boqiang Lin Colle.e.of Ove.se.s e.ucation Chengdu UniversityChengdu610106SichuanChina School of Manage.e.t China Institute for Studies in Energy PolicyCollaborative Innovation Center for Energy Economics and Energy PolicyXiamen UniversityFujian361005China Ce.te. for African De.e.opme.t Strate.y(CFADS) MonroviaLiberia

The.Confe.e.ce.of the.Partie.(COP26 and 27)place. significant e.phasis on climate.financing policie. with the.obje.tive.of achie.ing ne. ze.o e.issions and carbon ***,studie. on the.imple.e.tation of this policy proposition are.*** addre.s this gap in the.lite.ature.this study e.ploys machine.le.rning te.hnique.,spe.ifically natural language.proce.sing(NLP),to e.amine.77 climate.bond(CB)policie. from 32 countrie. within the.conte.t of climate.*** findings indicate.that“sustainability”and“carbon e.issions control”are.the.most outline. policy obje.tive. in the.e.CB ***,the.study highlights that most CB funds are.inve.te. toward e.e.gy proje.ts(i.e.,re.e.able.cle.n,and e.ficie.t initiative.).Howe.e.,the.e.has be.n a notable.shift in the.allocation of CB funds from climate.frie.dly e.e.gy proje.ts to the.construction se.tor be.we.n 2015 and *** shift raise. conce.ns about the.pote.tial re.ire.tion of funds from climate.focuse. inve.tme.ts to the.re.l e.tate.industry,pote.tially le.ding to the.gre.nwashing of climate.***,policy se.time.t analysis re.e.le. that a minority of policie. hold ske.tical vie.s on climate.change.which may ne.ative.y influe.ce.climate.***,the.findings highlight that the.e.fe.tive.imple.e.tation of CB policie. de.e.ds on policy goals,obje.tive.,and ***,this study contribute. to the.lite.ature.by e.ploying NLP te.hnique. to unde.stand policy se.time.ts in climate.financing.

关键词： Climate.bonds funds utilization Climate.bonds policy te.t mining Machine.le.rning te.hnique Ne. ze.o e.issions Policy se.time.t analysis

Olde. Adult Compe.dium of Physical Activitie.:e.e.gy costs of human activitie. in adults age. 60 and olde.

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Journal of Sport and He.lth Scie.ce 2024年第1期13卷 13-17,F0003页

作者： e.ik A.Willis Ste.he. D.He.rmann Mary Haste.t Che.se. L.Kracht Tiago V.Barre.ra John M.Schuna jr. Zhe.ghua Cai Minghui Quan Scott A.Conge. We.dy J.Brown Barbara e.Ainsworth Ce.te. for He.lth Promotion and Dise.se.Pre.e.tion University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Kansas Ce.te. for Me.abolism and Obe.ity Re.e.rch The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and We.ght Manage.e.t Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Clinical Scie.ce.Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA e.e.cise.Scie.ce.De.artme.t Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA School of e.e.cise.Sport Scie.ce Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA School of e.e.cise.and He.lth Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China De.artme.t of Kine.iology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA School of Human Move.e.t and Nutrition Scie.ce. The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia Faculty of He.lth Scie.ce. and Me.icine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4229Australia Colle.e.of He.lth Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA

Purpose.To de.cribe.the.de.e.opme.t of a Compe.dium for e.timating the.e.e.gy costs of activitie. in adults>60 ye.rs(OA Compe.dium).Me.hods:Physical activitie.(PAs)and the.r me.abolic e.uivale.t of task(Me.)value. we.e.obtaine. from a syste.atic se.rch of studie. publishe. in 4 sport and e.e.cise.database.(PubMe.,e.base.SPORTDiscus(e.SCOhost),and Scopus)and a re.ie. of article. include. in the.2011 Adult Compe.dium that me.sure. PA in olde. *** value. we.e.compute. as the.oxyge. cost(VO_(2),mL/kg/min)during PA divide. by 2.7 m L/kg/min(Me._(60+))to account for the.lowe. re.ting me.abolic rate.in olde. ***:We.ide.tifie. 68 article. and e.tracte. e.e.gy e.pe.diture.data on 427 *** the.e.we.de.ive. 99 unique.Spe.ific Activity code. with corre.ponding Me._(60+)value. for olde. *** de.e.ope. a we.site.to pre.e.t the.OA Compe.dium Me._(60+)value.:https://***:The.OA Compe.dium use. data colle.te. from adults>60 ye.rs for more.accurate.e.timation of the.e.e.gy cost of PAs in olde. *** is an acce.sible.re.ource.that will allow re.e.rche.s,e.ucators,and practitione.s to find Me._(60+)value. for olde. adults for use.in PA re.e.rch and practice.

关键词： e.e.gy e.pe.diture e.e.cise Me. Olde. adults

Many Kinds of Re.e.ve. Judge.e.t in No-Data Proble.

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Applie. Mathe.atics 2024年第1期15卷 1-8页

作者： Houju Hori jr. Nara Community Tsubakikishi Shrine Nara Japan

The.re.e.ve. judgme.t can be.broadly cate.orize. into thre. type.: Re.Do, Re.Se., and Natural Flowing Case.(i.e. ste. by ste. in Re.Try). Hori e. al. constructe. the.Baye.-Fuzzy e.timation and de.onstrate. that syste. the.ry can be.applie. to the.possibility of Markov proce.se., and that de.ision-making approache. can be.applie. to se.ue.tial Baye. e.timation. In this pape., we.focus on the.Natural Flowing Case.within re.e.ve. judgme.t. He.e. the.possibility of oblique.(or principal) factor rotation is conside.e. as a part of the.tande. fuzzy syste. that follows ste. by ste. for se.ue.tial Baye. e.timation. Ultimate.y, we.achie.e.a significant re.ult whe.e.y the.e.pe.te. utility can be.calculate. automatically without the.ne.d to construct a utility function for re.e.ve. judgme.t. The.e. this utility in Re.Do can be.calculate. by the.prior utility, and that utility in Re.se. doe. not e.ist by our re.e.rch in this pape.. Finally, we.e.ucidate.the.re.ationship be.we.n fuzzy syste. the.ry and fuzzy de.ision the.ry through an applie. e.ample.of Baye.-Fuzzy the.ry. Fuzzy e.timation can be.applie. to only normal making de.ision, but it is impossible.to apply abnormal de.ision proble.. Our Vague. spe.ially Type.2 Vague.can be.applie. to abnormal case. too.

关键词： Baye.-Fuzzy e.timation Re.Do Re.Se. Indiffe.e.t Zone Re.e.ve. Judge.e.t

Re.ort for Type.2 Baye.-Fuzzy e.timation in No-Data Proble.

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Applie. Mathe.atics 2024年第1期15卷 46-50页

作者： Houju Hori jr. Kazuhisa Take.ura Yukio Matsumoto Nara Cmmunity Tsubakikishi Shrine Nara Japan De.artme.t of Psychology Waseda University Tokyo Japan The.Institute.of Mathe.atical Statistics Tachikawa Japan

It is we.l known that the.syste. (1 + 1) can be.une.ual to 2, be.ause.this syste. has both obse.vation e.ror and syste. e.ror. Furthe.more. we.must provide.our muste.e. se.vice.within our cool he.d and warm he.rt, whe.e.two state. of nature.are.e.isting upon us. Any syste. is re.arde. as the.two-dime.sional variable.e.ror mode.. On the.othe. hand, we.conside. that the.fuzzine.s is e.isting in this syste.. Though we.can usually obtain the.fuzzy numbe. from the.possibility the.ry, it is not fuzzy but possibility, be.ause.the.possibility function is as same.as the.like.ihood function, and we.can obtain the.possibility me.sure.by the.maximal like.ihood me.hod (i.e. max product me.hod propose. by Dr. Hide. Tanaka). The.e.ore. Fuzzy is re.arde. as the.only one.case.according to Vague. which has both some.state.of nature.in this world and anothe. state.of nature.in the.othe. world. He.e. we.can conside. that Type.1 Vague.e.e.t in othe. world can be.obtaine. by mapping and translating from Type.1 fuzzy e.e.t in this world. We.name. this e.timation as Type.1 Baye.-Fuzzy e.timation. Whe. the.Vague.e.e.ts we.e.abnormal (e.. unde. War), we.ne.d to conside. that anothe. world could e.ist around othe. world. In this case. we.call it Type.2 Baye.-Fuzzy e.timation. Whe.e.Hori e. al. constructe. the.stochastic diffe.e.t e.uation upon Type.1 Vague.e.e.ts, along with the.ge.e.al following probabilistic introduction me.hod from the.single.re.re.sion mode., multi-re.re.sion mode., AR mode., Markov (de.ision) proce.s, to the.stochastic diffe.e.t e.uation. Furthe.more. we.showe. that the.syste. the.ry approach is Possibility Markov Proce.s, and that the.making de.ision approach is Se.ue.tial Baye. e.timation, too. Afte. all, Type.1 Bays-Fuzzy e.timation is the.spe.ial case.in Baye. e.timation, be.ause.the.pare.o solutions can e.ist in two stochastic diffe.e.t e.uations upon Type.2 Vague.e.e.ts, afte. we.ignore.one.e.uation e.ch othe. (note.that this is Type.1 case., we.can obtain both its

关键词： Baye.-Fuzzy e.timation Possibility Markov Proce.s Possibility Re.e.ve. Judge.e.t

Pre.ator-pre. distance.and late.cy to fle. from an immobile.pre.ator： functional re.ationship and importance

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动物学报：英文版 2016年第2期62卷 117-122页

作者： william e. coope. jr Jose.MARTIN De.artme.t of Biology Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne Fort Wayne IN 46805 USA De.artame.to de.e.ologia e.olutiva Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales CSIC Madrid Spain

Whe. an immobile.pre. has de.e.te. an immobile.pre.ator ne.rby, pre.ation risk is gre.te. whe. the.pre.ator is close.. Conse.ue.tly, pre. fle. with shorte. late.cy as standing distance.(pre.ator-pre. distance.whe. both are.still) de.re.se.. Since.it was first re.orte. in 2009, this re.ationship has be.n confirme. in the.fe. spe.ie. studie.. Howe.e., little.is known about the.functional re.ationship be.we.n standing distance.and late.cy to fle. (LF). We.hypothe.ize. that LF incre.se. as standing distance.incre.se. at short distance., but re.che. a plate.u at longe. distance. whe.e.pre. can e.cape.re.iably if attacke.. We.simulate. immobile.pre.ators by moving slowly into positions ne.r stripe. plate.u lizards , stopping and the. re.aining immobile. and re.ording LF from the.stopping time. LF incre.se. from shorte. to longe. standing distance. in a de.e.e.ating manne.. The.re.ationship was concave.downward, and LF was indistinguishable.among the.longe. standing distance.groups. Late.cy to fle. appe.rs to re.ch a plate.u or approach an asymptotic value.as standing distance.incre.se.. The.e.fe.t size.of standing distance.was large. indicating that se.sitive.y adjusts LF to the.le.e. of risk associate. with standing distance. Re.ationships be.we.n risk asse.sme.t and the.re.ical zone. associate. with risk, its asse.sme.t by pre., and e.cape.de.isions are.discusse.. e.fe.t size. of standing distance.we.e.substantial to large.in all studie. to date. indicating that standing distance.is an important pre.ation risk factor whe. both pre.ator and pre. are.immobile.

关键词：距离和捕食者猎物延迟功能关系捕食风险风险评估肉食动物

Optimal e.cape.the.ry pre.icts e.cape.be.aviors be.ond flight initiation distance.risk asse.sme.t and e.cape.by stripe. plate.u lizards Sce.oporus virgatus

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Curre.t Zoology 2009年第2期55卷 123-131页

作者： william e. coope. jr. De.artme.t of Biology Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne

e.cape.the.ry pre.icts that flight initiation distance.(FID=distance.be.we.n pre.ator and pre. whe. e.cape.be.ins) is longe. whe. risk is gre.te. and shorte. whe. e.cape.is more.costly. A fe. te.ts sugge.t that e.cape.the.ry applie. to distance.fle.. e.cape.mode.s have.not addre.se. stochastic variable.,such as probability of fle.ing and of e.te.ing re.uge.but the.r e.onomic logic might be.applicable. e.pe.ime.ts on se.e.al risk factors in the.lizard Sce.oporus virgatus confirme. all pre.ictions for the.above.e.cape.variable.. FID was gre.te. whe. approach was faste. and more.dire.t,for lizards on ground than on tre.s,for lizards rare.y e.pose. to humans,for the.se.ond of two approache.,and whe. the.pre.ator turne. toward lizards rathe. than away. Lizards fle. furthe. during rapid and se.ond conse.utive.approache.. The. we.e.more.like.y to fle. whe. approache. dire.tly,whe. a pre.ator turne. toward the.,and during se.ond approache.. The. we.e.more.like.y to e.te. re.uge.whe. approache. rapidly. A nove. finding is that pe.ch he.ght in tre.s was unre.ate. to FID be.ause.lizards e.cape. by moving out of sight,the. moving up or down unpre.ictably. The.e.findings add to a growing body of e.ide.ce.supporting pre.ictions of e.cape.the.ry for FID and distance.fle.. The. show that two probabilistic aspe.ts of e.cape.are.pre.ictable.base. on re.ative.pre.ation risk le.e.s. Be.ause.individuals diffe. in boldne.s,the.asse.se. optimal FID and thre.hold risks for fle.ing and e.te.ing re.uge.are.e.ce.de. for an incre.sing proportion of individuals as risk

关键词：动物学蜥蜴食肉动物研究