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Predictors of the placebo response in a nutraceutical randomized controlled trial for depression

Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 46-53页

作者： Rosemary Arnold Jenifer Murphy-smith Chee H.Ng David Mischoulon Gerard J.Byrne Chad A.Bousman Con Stough Michael Berk Jerome Sarris Professorial Unit the Melbourne ClinicDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of MelbourneRichmond 3121Australia Depression Clinical and Research Program Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Faculty of Medicine Discipline of PsychiatryCentre for Clinical ResearchRoyal Brisbane&Women’s HospitalHerstonthe University of QueenslandBrisbane 4006Australia Departments of Medical Genetics PsychiatryPhysiology&Pharmacology and Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Psychiatry the University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Centre for Human Psychopharmacology Swinburne UniversityMelbourne 3122Australia The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation School of MedicineBarwon HealthDeakin UniversityGeelong 3220Australia The Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia NICM Health Research Institute Western Sydney UniversityWestmeadNSW 2145Australia

Objective The placebo response in depression studies is the change in symptoms amongst those who receive an inactive *** well-designed randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of depression have a high proportion of placebo responders,with little understanding as to *** present study assesses characteristics associated with the placebo response in a nutraceutical trial with a large proportion of placebo *** This is a secondary analysis of a nutraceutical depression RCT which identified no overall treatment benefit relative to placebo(n=69 in placebo group).we investigated participant characteristics such as socio-demographics,clinical features,and recruitment methods,and their association with the placebo *** genetic polymorphisms were also *** response was measured based on change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale *** association of these hypothesis-driven variables of interest and the placebo response was examined using linear mixed effects *** Greater levels of education,particularly pursuing post-high school education,better self-reported general health,marriage/de facto,greater improvement in the first trial week,and more failed antidepressant therapies in the current depressive episode were associated with greater placebo *** increased placebo response was not found in those recruited via social media nor in those with concomitant antidepressant *** nucleotide polymorphisms from the tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPH1)gene(A779C and A218C)were weakly associated with greater placebo response,although the evidence was attenuated after accounting for multiple *** This is,to our knowledge,the first study within nutraceutical research for depression to assess the association between participant characteristics and variation in the placebo *** variables appeared to predict the placebo *** findings may encourage future trial design

关键词： Randomized controlled trial Placebo Depression Nutraceutical Psychiatry

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The Use of Biologic Treatments for Osteoarthritis: A Review

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Open Journal of Regenerative Medicine 2024年第2期13卷 21-40页

作者： william Thornton Sion Glyn-Jones Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences University of Oxford Oxford UK

Background: The number of people presenting with osteoarthritis is increasing due, largely, to an ageing population and advances in medical treatments. This is driving the demand for new clinical solutions and treatments for the disease. Biologic therapies have been touted as an adjunct, or even alternative to established treatments for osteoarthritis. The term “biologics” refers to protein-based therapeutics that are derived from the proteins of living organisms. These treatments include, but are not limited to: autologous blood products such as platelet rich plasma (PRP), cell therapies such as autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) and mesenchymal stem cells, growth factors and cytokines, gene therapy. Aim: This study aims to provide a clear definition of these technologies and describe the evidence supporting their clinical efficacy to treat osteoarthritis. This is to provide clarity to both clinicians and patients on the range of technologies available. Method: Literature databases Embase and PubMed were searched for keywords such as “biologic”, “osteoarthritis”. Results: The literature identified 4 primary categories of biologic treatments for osteoarthritis: stem cell therapy, somatic cell therapy, protein therapy and gene therapy. The evidence level varied in its quality from treatment to treatment, as did the conclusions of published studies. Conclusion: Autologous chondrocyte therapy had the most convincing evidence to support its use as a treatment for osteoarthritis, however, current methods of use produced variable results. Other treatments such as platelet rich plasma and bone marrow derived stem cells show promise as potential future therapies, with more refinement, but evidence does not support their use currently. Other treatments including autologous stem cells should be avoided until there is a greater quantity and quality of evidence supporting their use.

关键词： Osteoarthritis Biologics Gene Therapy Stem Cell Protein Therapy

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SMILE soft X-ray Imager flight model CCD370 pre-flight device characterisation

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 25-38页

作者： S.Parsons D.J.Hall O.Hetherington T.w.Buggey T.Arnold M.w.J.Hubbard A.Holland Centre for Electronic Imaging the Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK

Throughout the SMILE mission the satellite will be bombarded by radiation which gradually damages the focal plane devices and degrades their *** order to understand the changes of the CCD370s within the soft X-ray Imager,an initial characterisation of the devices has been carried out to give a baseline performance *** CCDs have been characterised,the two flight devices and the flight spa *** has been carried out at the Open University in a bespo ke cleanroom measure ment *** results show that there is a cluster of bright pixels in the flight spa re which increases in size with tempe *** at the nominal ope rating tempe rature(-120℃) it is within the procure ment ***,the devices meet the specifications when ope rating at -120℃ in 6 × 6 binned frame transfer science *** se rial charge transfer inefficiency degrades with temperature in full frame *** any charge losses are recovered when binning/frame transfer is implemented.

关键词： CCD soft X-ray imager characterisation SMILE

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Overview on signal transduction cascades regulation roles of garlic and its bioactive constituents

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Food Science and Human wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2353-2362页

作者： Ammad Ahmad Farooqi Iqra Mobeen Rukset Attar Khalida I.Noel Baojun Xu william C.Cho Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering(IBGE) Islamabad 44000Pakistan Khursheed Rasheed Hospital Lahore Lahore 53720Pakistan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Yeditepe UniversityAtaşehir 34755Turkey Human Anatomy Department College of MedicineAl-Mustansiriyah UniversityBaghdad 10036Iraq Food Science and Technology Program Department of Life SciencesBNU-HKBU United International CollegeZhuhai 519087China Department of Clinical Oncology Queen Elizabeth HospitalHong Kong G514TFChina

High-throughput technologies in combination with modern exciting advancements in mass spectrometry-based proteomics and data analysis pipelines have empowered comprehensive characterization of disease phenotypes and their mechanistic regulation by dietary agents and bioactive molecules at unprecedented dimensionality and ***-ordinary breakthroughs in the field of nutrigenomics have leveraged our understanding altogether to a new level of *** researchers have extensively analyzed health promoting and pharmacologically significant properties of garlic(Allium sativum).Importantly,garlic and its biologically active chemicals targeted oncogenic signaling *** this mini-review we have attempted to summarize how garlic and its bioactive constituents regulated signal transduction cascades in cell culture studies and tumor-bearing mice.

关键词： Cancer Nutrigenomics Signaling Apoptosis Allium sativum

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Neuroprotection by resveratrol-glucuronide and quercetin-glucuronide via binding to polyphenol-and glycosaminoglycan-binding sites in the laminin receptor

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 819-820页

作者： Rayudu Gopalakrishna Jennifer Aguilar Emily Lee william J.Mack Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

The dietary polyphenolic compounds resveratrol and quercetin prevent neurodegenerative diseases in experimental models;however, they reach the brain only in nanomolar concentrations in the glucuronidated and sulfated ... 详细信息

关键词： resveratrol molar dated

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A novel method for clustering cellular data to improve classification

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2697-2705页

作者： Diek w.wheeler Giorgio A.Ascoli Center for Neural Informatics Structures&PlasticityKrasnow Institute for Advanced Study Bioengineering Department Volgenau School of Engineering George Mason University FairfaxVAUSA

Many fields,such as neuroscience,are experiencing the vast prolife ration of cellular data,underscoring the need fo r organizing and interpreting large datasets.A popular approach partitions data into manageable subsets via hierarchical clustering,but objective methods to determine the appropriate classification granularity are *** recently introduced a technique to systematically identify when to stop subdividing clusters based on the fundamental principle that cells must differ more between than within *** we present the corresponding protocol to classify cellular datasets by combining datadriven unsupervised hierarchical clustering with statistical *** general-purpose functions are applicable to any cellular dataset that can be organized as two-dimensional matrices of numerical values,including molecula r,physiological,and anatomical *** demonstrate the protocol using cellular data from the Janelia MouseLight project to chara cterize morphological aspects of neurons.

关键词： cellular data clustering dendrogram data classification Levene's one-tailed statistical test unsupervised hierarchical clustering

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Evaluation of Ruminal Dry Matter Disappearance and pH of Dry Corn, High-Moisture Corn, and Rye under in Vitro Conditions

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 327-332页

作者： warren Carl Rusche Zachary Kidd Foster smith South Dakota State University Brookings South Dakota USA

An in vitro experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of grain type on in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) and pH using ruminal fluid and a buffer reagent. Five beef cows were used for ruminal fluid collection and ruminal fluid was pooled prior to use. The cows used for ruminal fluid collection were maintained on a forage-based diet (60:40 forage to concentrate) for 28 d prior to ruminal fluid collection. Three grain types were evaluated: 1) dry corn (89% dry matter;DRC), 2) high-moisture corn (72% dry matter;HMC) and 3) rye (89% dry matter;RYE). Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design. A total of twenty-one replications of each grain type were used for statistical analysis (n = 63 tubes total). IVDMD was greater (P ≤ 0.05) by 97.1% and 46.4% for RYE compared to DRC and HMC, respectively. Additionally, IVDMD was greater (P = 0.05) by 34.6% for HMC compared to DRC. Final pH was decreased (P ≤ 0.05) for RYE by 12.3% and 2.8% for RYE compared to DRC and HMC, respectively. Also, final pH was decreased (P = 0.05) by 9.8% for HMC compared to DRC. These data indicate that corn harvest method (dry vs. high-moisture) influences IVDMD and final pH and that rye has a greater disappearance of dry matter and lower final pH than corn under in vitro conditions.

关键词： Corn Grain Processing Ruminal Fermentation Rye

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Harnessing the power of complex light propagation in multimode fibers for spatially resolved sensing

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 411-422页

作者： DARCY L.smith LINH V.NGUYEN MOHAMMAD I.REJA ERIK P.SCHARTNER HEIKE EBENDORFF-HEIDEPRIEM DAVID J.OTTAwAY STEPHEN C.wARREN-smith Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing and School of Physics Chemistry and Earth SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational wave Discovery(OzGrav) AdelaideSAAustralia Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia Laser Physics and Photonics Devices Laboratory University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia

The propagation of coherent light in multimode optical fibers results in a speckled output that is both complex and sensitive to environmental *** properties can be a powerful tool for sensing,as small perturbations lead to significant changes in the output of the ***,the mechanism to encode spatially resolved sensing information into the speckle pattern and the ability to extract this information are thus far *** this paper,we demonstrate that spatially dependent mode coupling is crucial to achieving spatially resolved *** leverage machine learning to quantitatively extract the spatially resolved sensing information from three fiber types with dramatically different characteristics and demonstrate that the fiber with the highest degree of spatially dependent mode coupling provides the greatest accuracy.

关键词： fiber spatially resolved

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A Dynamic Network Game of the Fintech Industry

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第1期12卷 5-33页

作者： David w.K.Yeung Leon A.Petrosyan Ying-Xuan Zhang SRS Consortium for Advanced Study in Cooperative Dynamic Games Shue Yan UniversityHong KongChina Center of Game Theory St Petersburg State UniversitySaint PetersburgRussia Department of Finance Asia UniversityTaichung CityTaiwanChina Faculty of Applied Mathematics-Control Processes and Center of Game Theory St Petersburg StateUniversitySaint PetersburgRussia

Economies of scale,economies of scope,and technology spillover are decisive eco-nomic elements that are crucial to the development in the Fintech *** externalities are often realized through network *** this paper,we presenta dynamic network ofﬁnancialﬁrms which exhibits these decisive *** game equilibria are characterized.A Pareto efﬁcient solution involving col-laboration of allﬁrms is *** obtain a fair-share distribution of cooperativegains,the Shapley value is adopted as the sharing *** distributionmechanisms which guarantee the fulﬁlment of the Shapley value distribution in eachstage of the cooperation duration are derived.

关键词： Network game Network equilibria Shapley value Pareto efﬁcientcooperation

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Strategies for Dissecting the Genetic Driving of Conserved Noncoding-Elements for Evolutionary Development of the Corpus Callosum

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第7期40卷 1025-1027页

作者： Yaxin Ye Boxing Jin Hao w.Zhang Nengyin Sheng State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China

with the efforts in developmental biology and neuroscience during the past several decades,our knowledge has been significantly advanced about the genetic,cellular,and molecular mechanisms underlying brain development and ***,we should keep in mind that the human brain is the product of complex evolutionary processes,and there is a trade-off between brain evolution and neurological disorders[1].

关键词： function. neurological knowledge

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