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Efficiency and effectiveness of systems for the treatment of domestic wastewater based on subsurface flow constructed wetlands in Jarabacoa, Dominican Republic

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water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 118-128页

作者： Yvelisse Pérez Enmanuel Vargas Daniel Garcia-Cortes william Hernandez Humberto Checo Ulises Jauregui-Haza Area de Ciencias Basicas y Ambientales Instituto Tecnologico de Santo Domingo(INTEC)Avenida de Los Proceres 49Los Jardines del NorteSanto Domingo 10602Dominican Republic Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Calle Cayetano Germosen esq.Ave.LuperonEl PedregalSanto Domingo 11107Dominican Republic Plan Yaque Calle Estela Geraldino 14 AltosJarabacoa 41000Dominican Republic Institute of Technologies and Applied Sciences University of HavanaHavana 10400Cuba

Constructed wetlands(Cww)are well known nature-based systems for water *** study evaluated the efficiency and effectiveness of seven domestic wastewater treatment systems based on horizontal flow Cws in Jarabacoa,the Dominican *** results showed that the Cws were efficient in reducing the degree of contamination of wastewater to levels below the Dominican wastewater discharge standards for parameters such as the 5-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5)and chemical oxygen demand,but not for the removal of phosphorus and fecal *** addition,a horizontal flow subsurface wetland in the peri-urban area El Dorado was evaluated in terms of the performance of wastewater treatment in tropical climatic *** concentrations of heavy metals,such as zinc,copper,chromium,and iron,were found to decrease in the effluent of the wetland,and the concentrations for nickel and manganese tended to *** levels of heavy metals in the effluent were lower than the limit values of the Dominican wastewater discharge *** construction cost of these facilities was around 200 USD per population equivalent,similar to the cost in other countries in the same *** study suggested some solutions to the improved performance of Cws:selection of a microbial flora that guarantees the reduction of nitrates and nitrites to molecular nitrogen,use of endemic plants that bioaccumulate heavy metals,combination of constructed wetlands with filtration on activated carbon,and inclusion of water purification processes that allow to evaluate the reuse of treated water.

关键词： Domestic wastewater Constructed wetland BOD COD Pathogens Heavy metals

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Effect of stress-dependent microannulus aperture on well leakage

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 1967-1976页

作者： Meng Meng Luke P.Frash J.william Carey Mohamed Mehana wenfeng Li Bailian Chen Earth and Environmental Sciences Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA

Debonding at the cement-casing interface is recognized as a principal failure mechanism leading to CO_(2) leakage in *** detachment gives rise to a microannulus,which notably possesses greater permeability than undamaged cement,undermining its sealing ***,the permeability of the microannulus is regarded as a uniform value throughout the ***,fundamentally,a microannulus is one type of fracture,and its gap or aperture size is affected by the effective *** this work,we developed a unique experimental *** equipment facilitates the curing of cement inside a steel casing,the formation of a microannulus between the casing and the cement,and the investigation of the fluid flow dynamics along the microannulus under laboratory-replicated in situ *** microannulus was formed by injecting fluid from one end of the setup,and receiving similar amount of fluid on the other end signified the development of the leakage ***,strain gauges affixed to the casing’s external surface yielded key information on the microannulus’s opening and *** observed a noticeable decline in microannulus hydraulic aperture(or permeability)in relation to effective stress and an exponential equation fits their *** findings also indicate a distinct behavior when comparing liquid CO_(2) with ***,it is easier for liquid CO_(2) to create the ***,the hydraulic aperture range for this microannulus(0.7-6 mm)is considerably smaller than that created by water flow(2-17 mm).Finally,we integrated the stressdependent microannulus aperture size into the combined analysis of well mechanical integrity and well *** outcomes consistently demonstrated that when factoring in the stress-dependent aperture sizes,the leakage rates are 3e5 times compared to a fixed aperture *** traditional assumption of a constant aperture significantly underestimates fluid leakage risks.

关键词： Microannulus Leakage assessment Aperture size Triaxial experiment Carbon sequestration

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Promoting green transformation by ensuring food security while reducing the environmental footprint of food and farming with agriculture green development

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 1-4,I0005页

作者： william J.DAVIES Jianbo SHEN Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA14YQUK State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Reconciling the challenges of producing adequate amounts of nutritious food for the increasing global population while limiting environmental damage that can result from operations of our food systems is an enormous *** many parts of the world,agriculture is undergoing major transformations and this has been and still is particularly the case in China.

关键词： operations agriculture transformation

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Integrins and their potential roles in mammalian pregnancy

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 1-19页

作者： Gregory A.Johnson Robert C.Burghardt Fuller w.Bazer Heewon Seo Joe w.Cain Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑4459USA Department of Animal Science College of Agriculture and Life SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑2471USA

Integrins are a highly complex family of receptors that, when expressed on the surface of cells, can mediate reciprocal cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix(ECM) interactions leading to assembly of integrin adhesion complexes(IACs) that initiate many signaling functions both at the membrane and deeper within the cytoplasm to coordinate processes including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, survival, differentiation, and metabolism. All metazoan organisms possess integrins, and it is generally agreed that integrins were associated with the evolution of multicellularity, being essential for the association of cells with their neighbors and surroundings, during embryonic development and many aspects of cellular and molecular biology. Integrins have important roles in many aspects of embryonic development, normal physiology, and disease processes with a multitude of functions discovered and elucidated for integrins that directly influence many areas of biology and medicine, including mammalian pregnancy, in particular implantation of the blastocyst to the uterine wall, subsequent placentation and conceptus(embryo/fetus and associated placental membranes) development. This review provides a succinct overview of integrin structure, ligand binding, and signaling followed with a concise overview of embryonic development, implantation, and early placentation in pigs, sheep, humans, and mice as an example for rodents. A brief timeline of the initial localization of integrin subunits to the uterine luminal epithelium(LE) and conceptus trophoblast is then presented, followed by sequential summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs, sheep, humans, and rodents. As appropriate for this journal, summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs and sheep are in depth, whereas summaries for humans and rodents are brief. Because similar models to those illustrated in Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are present throughout the sc

关键词： Humans Implantation Integrins Pigs Pregnancy Rodents Sheep

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A Key Ingredient for a Happy workforce You can make a positive difference in the world

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第10期 34-35,50页

作者： Hilary smith 不详

A ccording to the Gallup world Poll for the world Happiness Report 2024,America has fallen out of the top 2o happiest countries for the first *** is not surprising considering the rising costs of living,a daily barrage of unsettling news reports and the lingering effects of loneliness from the *** media has replaced much-needed in-person interactions and often creates a feeling of missing ***,while most of corporate America has returned to the office,we still find ourselves spending a disproportionate amount of time at our desks on Zoom calls,as opposed to gathering in a conference room.

关键词： gathering settling work

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Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon C.smith Jessica L.williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(CNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

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Chirality enables thermal magnon transistors

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 161-166页

作者： Tao Yu Chengyuan Cai Gerrit E.w.Bauer School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China .wPI-AIMR and Institute for Materials Research and SCIS Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

we report a theory of thermal spin pumping into proximity magnets under a transverse-bias-driven heat flow of magnons in magnetic films when the dipolar coupling to the magnetic gate is tuned to be “chiral”. while there is no rectification of the magnon current in the film, we predict that chirality diverts a large percentage(50% for perfect chirality) of it into the gate. This transverse thermal spin pumping effect can be controlled by rotating the film magnetization and may help manage the heat flow in future magnonic circuits.

关键词： magnon chirality quantum transport transistor

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Learning about good nutrition with the 5-color front-of-package label"Nutri-Score":an experimental study

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Food Science and Human wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1195-1200页

作者： Robin C.Hau Klaus w.Lange University of Applied Sciences Landshut Landshut 84036Germany Faculty of Human Sciences University of RegensburgRegensburg 93040Germany

The Nutri-Score is a 5-color front-of-pack nutrition label designed to provide consumers with an easily understandable guideline to the healthiness of food *** impact that the Nutri-Score may have on consumers'choices is unclear since different experimental paradigms have found vastly different effect *** the present study,we have investigated how student participants change a hypothetical personal 1-daydietary plan after a learning phase during which they learn about the Nutri-Scores of the available food *** were instructed to compose a healthy diet plan in order that the question of whether the NutriScore would improve their ability to compose a healthy dietary plan could be investigated,independent of the question of whether they would apply this knowledge in their ordinary *** found a substantial(Cohen's d=0.86)positive impact on nutritional quality(as measured by the Nutrient Profiling System score of the Food Standards Agency)and a medium-sized(Cohen's d=0.43)reduction of energy *** content reduction was larger for participants who had initially composed plans with higher energy *** results suggest that the Nutri-Score has the potential to guide consumers to healthier food *** remains unclear,however,whether this potential will be reflected in real-life dietary choices.

关键词： Nutri-Score Front-of-package label Nudge Nutrition Health

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Cultivating potential:Harnessing plant stem cells for agricultural crop improvement

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 50-74页

作者： Penelope Lindsay Kyle w.Swentowsky David Jackson Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Cold Spring HarborNY 11724USA National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei430070China

Meristems are stem cell-containing structures that produce all plant organs and are therefore important targets for crop *** regulators control the balance and rate of cell divisions within the *** these regulators impacts meristem architecture and,as a consequence,plant *** this review,we discuss genes involved in regulating the shoot apical meristem,inflorescence meristem,axillary meristem,root apical meristem,and vascular cambium in *** highlight several examples showing how crop breeders have manipulated developmental regulators to modify meristem growth and alter crop traits such as inflorescence size and branching *** transformation techniques are another innovation related to plant meristem research because they make crop genome engineering *** discuss recent advances on plant transformation made possible by studying genes controlling meristem ***,we conclude with discussions about how meristem research can contribute to crop improvement in the coming decades.

关键词： meristem crop improvement plant transformation plant breeding crop yield gene editing

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Discovering the ultralow thermal conductive A_(2)B_(2)O_(7)-type high-entropy oxides through the hybrid knowle dge-assiste d data-driven machine learning

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 131-142页

作者： Ying Zhang Ke Ren william Yi wang Xingyu Gao Ruihao Yuan Jun wang Yiguang wang Haifeng Song Xiubing Liang Jinshan Li State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Innovation Center NPU ChongqingChongqing 401135China Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyHaidian DistrictBeijing 100081China Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational MathematicsBeijing 100088China Defense Innovation Institute Academy of Military Sciences of the PLA of ChinaBeijing 100071China

Lattice engineering and distortion have been considered one kind of effective strategies for discovering advanced *** instinct chemical flexibility of high-entropy oxides(HEOs)motivates/accelerates to tailor the target properties through phase transformations and lattice ***,a hybrid knowledge-assisted data-driven machine learning(ML)strategy is utilized to discover the A_(2)B_(2)O_(7)-type HEOs with low thermal conductivity(κ)through 17 rare-earth(RE=Sc,Y,La-Lu)solutes optimized A-site.A designing routine integrating the ML and high throughput first principles has been proposed to predict the key physical parameter(KPPs)correlated to the targetedκof advanced *** the smart-designed 6188(5RE_(0.2))_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7)HEOs,the best candidates are addressed and validated by the princi-ples of severe lattice distortion and local phase transformation,which effectively reduceκby the strong multi-phonon scattering and weak interatomic ***,(Sc_(0.2)Y_(0.2)La_(0.2)Ce_(0.2)Pr_(0.2))_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7)with predictedκbelow 1.59 wm^(−1)K^(−1)is selected to be verified,which matches well with the ex-perimentalκ=1.69 wm^(−1)K^(−1)at 300 K and could be further decreased to 0.14 wm^(−1)K^(−1)at 1473 ***,the coupling effects of lattice vibrations and charges on heat transfer are revealed by the cross-validations of various models,indicating that the weak bonds with low electronegativity and few bond-ing charge density and the lattice distortion(r∗)identified by cation radius ratio(r A/r B)should be the KPPs to decreaseκ*** work supports an intelligent designing strategy with limited atomic and electronic KPPs to accelerate the development of advanced multi-component HEOs with proper-ties/performance at multi-scales.

关键词： High-entropy oxides Thermal conductivity Pyrochlore Key physical parameter First-Principles

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