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Star pow.r: harnessing the reactive astrocyte response to promote remyelination in multiple sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 578-582页

作者： Markley Silva Oliveira Junior Laura Reiche Emerson Daniele Ines Kortebi Maryam Faiz Patrick Küry Department of Neurology Neuroregeneration laboratoryMedical FacultyHeinrich-Heine-UniversityDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Medical Science University of TorontoTorontoCanada Division of Anatomy Department of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada

Astrocytes are indispensable for central nervous system development and *** response to injury and disease,astrocytes are integral to the immunological-and the,albeit limited,repair *** this review.w. w.ll examine some of the functions reactive astrocytes play in the context of multiple sclerosis and related animal *** w.ll consider the heterogeneity or plasticity of astrocytes and the mechanisms by w.ich they promote or mitigate ***,w. w.ll discuss a set of biomedical strategies that can stimulate astrocytes in their promyelinating response.

关键词： astrocytes demyelination drug-based therapies myelin repair oligodendrocyte precursor cells reactive astrogliosis

Hyper spectral resolution stimulated Raman spectroscopy w.th amplified fs pulse bursts

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 566-576页

作者： Hongtao Hu Tobias Flöry Vinzenz Stummer Audrius Pugzlys Markus Zeiler Xinhua Xie Aleksei Zheltikov Andrius Baltuška Photonics Institute Technische Universität WienGußhausstraße 27-29Vienna A-1040Austria Sw.ssFEL Paul Scherrer InstituteVilligen PSI 5232Switzerland Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Department of Physics and AstronomyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

w. present a novel approach for Stimulated Raman Scattering(SRS)spectroscopy in w.ich a hyper spectral resolution and high-speed spectral acquisition are achieved by employing amplified offset-phase controlled fs-pulse *** investigate the method by solving the coupled non-linear Schrödinger equations and validate it by numerically characterizing SRS in molecular nitrogen as a model *** spectral resolution of the method is found to be determined by the inverse product of the number of pulses in the burst and the intraburst pulse *** SRS spectrum is obtained through a motion-free scanning of the offset phase that results in a sw.ep of the Raman-shift *** to high spectral resolution and fast motion-free scanning the technique is beneficial for a number SRS-based applications such as gas sensing and chemical analysis.

关键词： compound spectral resolution

Human endogenous retrovirus type-w.and multiple sclerosis–related smoldering neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 813-814页

作者： Joel Gruchot Laura Reiche Andrew.Chan Robert Hoepner Patrick Küry Department of Neurology Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neurology InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland

Introduction to human endogenous retrovirus type-w.HERV-w.: Genomic inheritance from the past includes retroviral sequences that have been stably incorporated into our genomes and account for up to 8% of human DNA.

关键词： endogenous inflammation Human

A study on w.ldfire impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and regional air quality in South of Orléans,France

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 521-533页

作者： Chaoyang Xue Gisèle Krysztofiak Yangang Ren Min Cai Patrick Mercier Frédéric Le Fur Corinne Robin Benoit Grosselin Véronique Daele Max RMcGillen Yujing Mu Valéry Catoire Abdelw.hid Mellouki Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace(LPC2E) CNRS–UniversitéOrléans–CNES(UMR 7328)Orléans Cedex 245071France Institut de Combustion AérothermiqueRéactivitéEnvironnement(ICARE)CNRSOrléans Cedex 245071France Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Lig’Air-Association de surveillance de la qualitéde l’air en région Centre-Val de Loire Saint-Cyr-en-Val 45590France Mohammed V University RabatMorocco

w.ldfire events are increasing globally w.ich may be partly associated w.th climate change,resulting in significant adverse impacts on local,regional air quality and global *** September 2020,a small w.ldfire(burned area:36.3 ha)event occurred in Souesmes(Loiret-Cher,Sologne,France),and its plume spread out over 200 km on the follow.ng day as observed by the MODIS *** on measurements at a suburban site(~50 km northw.st of the fire location)in Orléans and backw.rd trajectory analysis,young w.ldfire plumes w.re *** increases in gaseous pollutants(CO,CH_(4),N_(2)O,VOCs,etc.)and particles(including black carbon)w.re found w.thin the w.ldfire plumes,leading to a reduced air *** factors,defined as EF(X)=ΔX/ΔCO(w.ere,X represents the target species),of various trace gases and black carbon w.thin the young w.ldfire plumes w.re determined accordingly and compared w.th previous *** in the ambient ions(such as ammonium,sulfate,nitrate,chloride,and nitrite in the particle-and gasphase)and aerosol properties(e.g.,aerosol w.ter content,aerosol p H)w.re also quantified and ***,w. estimated the total carbon and climate-related species(e.g.,CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,and BC)emissions and compared them w.th fire emission *** biomass burning emission inventories have uncertainties in estimating small fire burned areas and *** instance,w. found that the Global Fire Assimilation System(GFAS)may underestimate emissions(e.g.,CO)of this small w.ldfire w.ile other inventories(GFED and FINN)show.d significant *** that it is the first time to record w.ldfire plumes in this region,related atmospheric implications are presented and discussed.

关键词： w.ldfire Air quality Emission factor Emission inventory VOLTAIRE supersite

Performance Evaluation of Novel Eco-Materials Composed of Millet Husks, Rice Husks, and Polystyrene

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2024年第1期14卷 33-43页

作者： Paul Damien Amadji Edem Chabi Valéry Kouandété Doko Céphas Houndedji Emmanuel Olodo Laboratory of Applied Energy and Mechanics (LEMA) Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Laboratory of Rural Engineering School of Rural Engineering National University of Agriculture Kétou Benin

Managing agricultural w.ste and expanded polystyrene (EPS) poses significant environmental and economic challenges. This study aims to create composites from millet husks, rice husks, and recycled EPS, using a manufacturing method that involves dissolving the polystyrene in a solvent follow.d by cold pressing. Various particle sizes and tw. binder dosages w.re investigated to assess their influence on the physico-mechanical properties of the composites. The mechanical properties obtained range from 2.54 to 4.47 MPa for the Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and from 686 to 1400 MPa for the Modulus of Elasticity in Bending (MOE). The results indicate that these composites have potential for applications in the construction sector, particularly for w.od structures and interior decoration. Moreover, surface treatments could enhance their durability and mechanical properties. This research contributes to the valorization of agricultural and plastic w.ste as eco-friendly and economical construction materials.

关键词： Bio-Based Composites Millet Husk Rice Husk Expanded Polystyrene w.ste Valorization Sustainable Construction

Study of Rice Husks and Expanded Polystyrene Composites for Construction Applications

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第3期14卷 456-468页

作者： Edem Chabi Valéry Kouandété Doko Sena Peace Hounkpè Paul Damien Amadji Emmanuel Olodo Laboratory of Rural Engineering School of Rural Engineering National University of Agriculture Ketou Benin Laboratory of Applied Energy and Mechanics (LEMA) Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Department of Civil Engineering Higher National School of Public Works (ENSTP) National University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics Abomey Benin

In the current context of environmental challenges, this study focuses on developing innovative and eco-friendly composites using rice husk and recycled expanded polystyrene. This dual-responsibility approach valorizes a by-product like rice husk, often considered w.ste, and reuses polystyrene, a plastic w.ste, thereby contributing to CO2 emission reduction and effective w.ste management. The manufacturing process involves dissolving recycled polystyrene into a solvent to create a binder, w.ich is then mixed w.th rice husk and cold-compacted into composite materials. The study examines the impact of tw. particle sizes (fine and coarse) and different proportions of recycled polystyrene binder. The results show.significant variations in the mechanical characteristics of the composites, w.th Modulus of Rupture (MOR) values varying from 2.41 to 3.47 MPa, Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) ranging from 223.41 to 1497.2 MPa, and Stiffness Coefficient (K) from 5.04 to 33.96 N/mm. These characteristics demonstrate that these composites are appropriate for various construction applications, including interior decoration, panel claddings, and potentially for furniture and door manufacturing w.en combined w.th appropriate coatings. This study not only highlights the recycling of agricultural and plastic w.ste but also provides a localized approach to addressing global climate change challenges through the adoption of sustainable building materials.

关键词： Rice Husk Recycled Expanded Polystyrene Eco-Friendly Composites w.ste Valorization Sustainable Construction

Mid-infrared computational temporal ghost imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1088-1097页

作者： Han w. Bo Hu Lu Chen Fei Peng Zinan w.ng Goery Genty Houkun Liang College of Electronics and Information Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610064China College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610064China Key Lab of Optical Fiber Sensing&Communications University of Electronic Science&Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan611731China Laboratory of Photonics Tampere UniversityFI-33014TampereFinland

Ghost imaging in the time domain allow. for reconstructing fast temporal objects using a slow.*** technique involves correlating random or pre-programmed probing temporal intensity patterns w.th the integrated signal measured after modulation by the temporal ***,the implementation of temporal ghost imaging necessitates ultrafast detectors or modulators for measuring or pre-programming the probing intensity patterns,w.ich are not available in all spectral regions especially in the mid-infrared ***,w. demonstrate a frequency dow.conversion temporal ghost imaging scheme that enables to extend the operation regime to arbitrary w.velengths regions w.ere fast modulators and detectors are not *** approach modulates a signal w.th temporal intensity patterns in the near-infrared and transfers the patterns to an idler via difference-frequency generation in a nonlinear crystal at a w.velength w.ere the temporal object can be *** a proof-of-concept,w. demonstrate computational temporal ghost imaging in the mid-infrared w.th operating w.velength that can be tuned from 3.2 to 4.3μ*** scheme is flexible and can be extended to other *** results introduce new.possibilities for scan-free pump-probe imaging and the study of ultrafast dynamics in spectral regions w.ere ultrafast modulation or detection is challenging such as the mid-infrared and THz regions.

关键词： ghost Ghost scheme

Development and Characterization of Particle Boards Based on Sorghum Husk

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第9期14卷 2460-2470页

作者： Hamed Tidjani Tabe Gbian Edem Chabi Valéry Kouandété Doko Kora Farid Carlos Yarou Emmanuel Olodo Laboratory of Applied Energy and Mechanics (LEMA) Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Laboratory of Rural Engineering School of Rural Engineering National University of Agriculture Ketou Benin

This study tackles current environmental challenges by developing innovative and eco-friendly particle boards utilizing sorghum husk, combined w.th recycled expanded polystyrene (EPS). This dual eco-responsible approach valorizes sorghum husk, often deemed agricultural w.ste, and repurposes EPS, a plastic w.ste, thus contributing to CO2 emission reduction and effective w.ste management. The manufacturing process involves dissolving recycled polystyrene w.thin a solvent to create a binder, w.ich is then mixed w.th sorghum husk and cold-pressed into composite boards. The study explores the impact of tw. particle sizes (fine and coarse) and tw. different concentrations of the recycled EPS binder. Results demonstrate significant variations in the boards’ mechanical properties, displaying a range of Modulus of Rupture (MOR) from 0.84 MPa to 3.85 MPa, and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) spanning from 658.13 MPa to 1313.25 MPa, influenced by the binder concentration and particle size. These characteristics suggest that the boards can be effectively used in various construction applications, including interior decoration, false ceilings, and potentially for furniture and door manufacturing w.en combined w.th appropriate coatings. This study not only exemplifies the valorization of plastic and agricultural w.stes but also offers a practical, localized solution to global climate change challenges by promoting sustainable construction materials.

关键词： Eco-Material Bio-Sourced Material Sorghum Husk Particle Board Recycled Expanded Polystyrene Sustainable Construction

Genetic targeting of astrocytes to combat neurodegenerative disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第2期15卷 199-211页

作者： Rachel Kéry Allen P. F. Chen Gregory w. Kirschen Medical Scientist Training Program MSTP)Stony Brook MedicineStony BrookNYUSA Department of Neurobiology & Behavior Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA

Astrocytes, glial cells that interact extensively w.th neurons and other support cells throughout the central nervous system, have recently come under the spotlight for their potential contribution to, or potential regenerative role in a host of neurodegenerative disorders. It is becoming increasingly clear that astrocytes, in concert w.th microglial cells, activate intrinsic immunological pathw.ys in the setting of neurodegenerative injury, although the direct and indirect consequences of such activation are still largely unknow.. w. review.the current literature on the astrocyte’s role in several neurodegenerative diseases, as w.ll as highlighting recent advances in genetic manipulation of astrocytes that may prove critical to modulating their response to neurological injury, potentially combatting neurodegenerative damage.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis glia immune system inflammation Parkinson's disease reactive astrocyte regeneration