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Carrier-assisted differential detection

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1835-1843页

作者： william Shieh Chuanbowen Sun Honglin Ji Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of MelbourneParkville VIC3010Australia

To overcome power fading induced by chromatic dispersion in optical fiber communications,optical field recovery is a promising solution for direct detection short-reach applications,such as fast-evolving data center interconnects(DCIs).To date,various direct detection schemes capable of optical field recovery have been proposed,including Kramers−Kronig(KK)and signal−signal beat interference(SSBI)iterative cancellation(IC)***,they are all restricted to the single sideband(SSB)modulation format,thus conspicuously losing half of the electrical spectral efficiency(SE)compared with double sideband(DSB)***,SSB suffers from the noise folding issue,requiring a precise optical filter that complicates the receiver *** such,it is highly desirable to investigate the field recovery of DSB signals via direct *** this paper,for the first time,we propose a novel receiver scheme called carrier-assisted differential detection(CADD)to realize optical field recovery of complex-valued DSB signals via direct ***,CADD doubles the electrical SE compared with the KK and SSBI IC receivers by adopting DSB modulation without sacrificing receiver ***,by using direct detection without needing a precise receiver optical filter,CADD can employ cost-effective uncooled lasers as opposed to expensive temperature-controlled lasers in coherent *** proposed receiver architecture opens a new class of direct detection schemes that are suitable for photonic integration analogous to homodyne receivers in coherent detection.

关键词： receiver precise coherent

Ron receptor-dependent gene regulation in a mouse model of endotoxin-induced acute liver failure

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2012年第4期11卷 383-392页

作者： Rishikesh M Kulkarni Louis w Kutcher william D Stuart Daniel J Carson Mike A Leonis Susan E waltz Departments of Cancer and Cell Biology University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45267-0521USA Biology University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45267-0521USA Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229USA Department of Research Shriner's Hospital for Children and Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45267-0521USA

BACKGROUND:Prior experimentation has shown that loss of the tyrosine kinase(TK) signaling domain of the Ron receptor leads to marked hepatocyte protection in a model of lipopolysaccharideinduced acute liver failure(ALF) in D-galactosamine(GalN)sensitized *** aim of this study was to identify the role of Ron in the regulation of hepatic gene ***:Microarray analyses were performed on liver RNA isolated sequentially from wild-type(wT) and TK-/mice during the progression of *** array data were validated using western and immunohistochemistry analyses as well as with ex vivo culture ***:At baseline,101 genes were differentially expressed between wT and TK-/-livers,which regulate processes involved in hypoxia,proliferation,apoptosis and *** hour after ALF induction,wT livers exhibited increased cytokine expression compared to TK-/-livers,and after 4 hours,an induction of suppressor of cytokine signaling(SOCS) genes as well as JAK-STAT pathway activation were prominent in TK-/livers compared to ***:Our studies suggest a novel hepato-protective mechanism in Ron TK-/-mice wherein increased and sustained SOCS production and JAK-STAT activation in the hepatocyte may inhibit the destructive proinflammatory milieu and promote survival factors which blunt hepatic death and the ensuing development of ALF.

关键词： Mst1R suppressors of cytokine signaling Met receptor hepatocyte growth factor-like protein

Keeping it simple: the value of an irreducibly simple climate model

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Science Bulletin 2015年第15期60卷 1378-1390页

作者： Christopher Monckton of Brenchley willie w.-H. Soon David R. Legates william M. Briggs Science and Public Policy Institute Haymarket VA 20169 USA Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Cambridge MA02138 USA Department of Geography University of Delaware Newark DE19716 USA New York NY 10021 USA

Richardson et al. （Sci Bull, 2015. doi：10.1007/ sl1434-015-0806-z） suggest that the irreducibly simple climate model described in Monckton of Brenchley et al. （Sci Bull 60：122-135, 2015. doi：10.1007/s11434-014- 0699-2） was not validated against observations, relying instead on synthetic test data based on underestimated global warming, illogical parameter choice and near-in- stantaneous response at odds with ocean warming and other observations. However, the simple model, informed by its authors＇ choice of parameters, usually hindcasts observed temperature change more closely than the general-circu- lation models, and finds high climate sensitivity implausi- ble. with IPCC＇s choice of parameters, the model is further validated in that it duly replicates IPCC＇s sensitivity interval. Also, fast climate system response is consistent with near-zero or net-negative temperature feedback. Given the large uncertainties in the initial conditions and evolutionary processes determinative of climate sensitivity, subject to obvious caveats a simple sensitivity-focused model need not, and the present model does not, exhibit significantly less predictive skill than the general-circula- tion models.

关键词： Climate change Climate sensitivityClimate models Global warming Temperature feedbacks

Pt-Ni/γ-Al_2O_3双金属催化剂上1,3-环己二烯的低温加氢和脱氢反应

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催化学报 2010年第8期31卷 955-960页

作者：齐随涛俞伟婷 william w.LONERGAN 杨伯伦陈经广西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院化学工程系动力工程多相流国家重点实验室陕西西安710049 特拉华大学化学工程系催化科学与技术研究中心

采用等体积浸渍法制备了γ-Al2O3负载的Pt和/或Ni双金属催化剂或单金属催化剂,测定了它们的CO化学吸附量,并在原位红外间歇反应装置上评价了其催化1,3-环己二烯(1,3-CHD)的低温(308K)加氢和脱氢性能.结果表明,Pt-Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂性能... 详细信息

采用等体积浸渍法制备了γ-Al2O3负载的Pt和/或Ni双金属催化剂或单金属催化剂,测定了它们的CO化学吸附量,并在原位红外间歇反应装置上评价了其催化1,3-环己二烯(1,3-CHD)的低温(308K)加氢和脱氢性能.结果表明,Pt-Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂性能优于Pt/γ-Al2O3或Ni/γ-Al2O3.结合密度泛函理论计算的不同催化剂上1,3-CHD的表面吸附能,验证了具有较弱环烯烃吸附能的双金属催化剂加氢活性较高.

关键词：双金属铂镍氧化铝负载型催化剂 1,3-环己二烯加氢脱氢密度泛函理论

An Overview of MODIS Radiometric Calibration and Characterization

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第1期23卷 69-79页

作者： Xiaoxiong XIONG william BARNES Earth Sciences Directorate NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20771 USA University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 USA

The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS） is one of the key instruments for NASA＇s Earth Observing System （EOS）, currently operating on both the Terra and Aqua satellites. The MODIS is a major advance over the previous generation of sensors in terms of its spectral, spatial, and temporal resolutions. It has 36 spectral bands： 20 reflective solar bands （RSB） with center wavelengths from 0.41 to 2.1 μm and 16 thermal emissive bands （TEB） with center wavelengths from 3.7 to 14.4 μm, making observations at three spatial resolutions： 250 m （bands 1-2）, 500 m （bands 3-7）, and lkm （bands 8-36）. MODIS is a cross-track scanning radiometer with a wide field-of-view, providing a complete global coverage of the Earth in less than 2 days. Both Terra and Aqua MODIS went through extensive pre-launch calibration and characterization at various levels. In orbit, the calibration and characterization tasks are performed using its on-board calibrators （OBCs） that include a solar diffuser （SD） and a solar diffuser stability monitor （SDSM）, a v-grooved flat panel blackbody （BB）, and a spectro-radiometric calibration assembly （SRCA）. In this paper, we present an overview of MODIS calibration and characterization activities, methodologies, and lessons learned from pre-launch characterization and in-orbit operation. Key issues discussed in this paper include in-orbit efforts of monitoring the noise characteristics of the detectors, tracking the solar diffuser and optics degradations, and updating the sensor＇s response versus scan angle. The experiences and lessons learned through MODIS have played and will continue to play major roles in the design and characterization of future sensors.

关键词： EOS remote sensing Terra Aqua MODIS sensor calibration radiometry

GM604 regulates developmental neurogenesis pathways and the expression of genes associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2018年第1期7卷 322-345页

作者： william R.Swindell Krzysztof Bojanowski Mark S.Kindy Raymond M.w.Chau Dorothy Ko Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine Ohio UniversityAthensOHUSA Sunny BioDiscovery IncSanta PaulaCAUSA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyUniversity of South FloridaTampaFLUSA James A.Haley VAMC TampaFLUSA Genervon Biopharmaceuticals LLC PasadenaCAUSA

Background:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is currently an incurable disease without highly effective pharmacological *** peptide drug GM604(GM6 or Alirinetide)was developed as a candidate ALS therapy,which has demonstrated safety and good drug-like properties with a favorable pharmacokinetic ***6 is hypothesized to bolster neuron survival through the multi-target regulation of developmental pathways,but mechanisms of action are not fully ***:This study used RNA-seq to evaluate transcriptome responses in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells following GM6 treatment(6,24 and 48 h).Results:we identified 2867 protein-coding genes with expression significantly altered by GM6(FDRwith increased expression of developmental genes mediating neurogenesis and axon *** GM6 treatment(24 and 48 h)altered the expression of genes contributing to cell adhesion and the extracellular ***6 further down-regulated the expression of genes associated with mitochondria,inflammatory responses,mRNA processing and chromatin ***6-increased genes were located near GC-rich motifs interacting with C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors,whereas GM6-decreased genes were located near AT-rich motifs associated with helix-turn-helix homeodomain *** motifs interacted with a diverse network of transcription factors encoded by GM6-regulated genes(STAT3,HOXD11,HES7,GLI1).we identified 77 ALS-associated genes with expression significantly altered by GM6 treatment(FDRwhich were known to function in neurogenesis,axon guidance and the intrinsic apoptosis ***:Our findings support the hypothesis that GM6 acts through developmental-stage pathways to influence neuron *** expression responses were consistent with neurotrophic effects,ECM modulation,and activation of the Notch and hedgehog neurodevelopmental *** multif

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Extracellular matrix,Hedgehog Huntington’s disease Neurodegenerative disease Notch,Parkinson’s disease RNA-seq Transcriptome

Modelling sediment transport processes in macro-tidal estuary

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3368-3375页

作者： Rauen william B. Hydro-environmental Research Centre School of Engineering Cardiff University Parade Cardiff CF24 3AA UK

This paper outlines a numerical modeling study to predict the sediment transport processes in a macro-tidal estuary, namely the Mersey Estuary, UK. An integrated numerical model study is conducted to investigate the interaction between the hydrodynamic, morphological and sediment transport processes occurring in the estuary. The numerical model widely used in environmental sediment transport studies worldwide, namely ECOMSED is used to simulate flow and sediment transport in estuary. A wetting and drying scheme is proposed and applied to the model, which defines "dry" cells as regions with a thin film of fluid O (cm). The primitive equations are solved in the thin film as well as in other regular wet cells. A model for the bed load transport is included in the code to account for the dynamics of the mobile bed boundary. The bed evolution due to bed load transport which is calculated according to van Rijn (1984a) is obtained by solving the sediment mass-balance equation. An estuary-related laboratory flume experiment is used to verify the model. Six sets of field measured hydrodynamic data are used to verify the corresponding predictions of the model, with the model-predicted water elevations and salinity levels generally agreeing well with the field measurements. The numerical model results show that in the Mersey Estuary both the tidal level and river discharge affect significantly the sediment transport. Reasonable agreement between the model results and field data has been obtained, indicating that the model can be used as computer-based tool for the environment management of estuarine system.

关键词： hydraulic modelling sediment transport estuary ECOMSED flooding and drying

EIGENFREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF CABLE STRUCTURES wITH INCLINED CABLES

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2006年第1期27卷 37-49页

作者： william Paulsen Greg Slayton Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Arkansas State University Arkansas 72467 USA

The approximate eigenfrequencies for the in-plane vibrations of a cable structure consisting of inclined cables, together with point masses at various points were computed. It was discovered that the classical transfer matrix method was inadequate for this task, and hence the larger exterior matrices were used to determine the eigenfrequency equation. Then predictions of the dynamics of the general cable structure based on the asymptotic estimates of the exterior matrices were made.

关键词： eigenfrequencies transfer matrices exterior matrices cable structures

Current progress in innovative engineerec antibodies

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Protein & Cell 2018年第1期9卷 86-120页

作者： william R. Strohl BiStro Biotech Consulting Bridgewater NJ 08807 USA

As of May 1, 2017, 74 antibody-based molecules have been approved by a regulatory authority in a major market. Additionally, there are 70 and 575 antibody- based molecules in phase III and phase 1/11 clinical trials, respectively. These total 719 antibody-based clinical stage molecules include 493 naked IgGs, 87 antibody- drug conjugates, 61 bispecific antibodies, 37 total Fc fusion proteins, 17 radioimmunoglobulins, 13 antibody fragments, and 11 immunocytokines. New uses for these antibodies are being discovered each year. For oncol- ogy, many of the exciting new approaches involve anti- body modulation of T-cells. There are over 80 antibodies in clinical trials targeting T cell checkpoints, 26 T-cell- redirected bispecific antibodies, and 145 chimeric anti- gen receptor （CAR） cell-based candidates （all currently in phase I or II clinical trials）, totaling more than 250 T cell interacting clinical stage antibody-based candi- dates. Finally, significant progress has been made recently on routes of delivery, including delivery of proteins across the blood-brain barrier, oral delivery to the gut, delivery to the cellular cytosol, and gene- and viral-based delivery of antibodies. Thus, there are cur- rently at least 864 antibody-based clinical stage mole- cules or cells, with incredible diversity in how they are constructed and what activities they impart. These are followed by a next wave of novel molecules, approa- ches, and new methods and routes of delivery, demon- strating that the field of antibody-based biologics is very innovative and diverse in its approaches to fulfill their promise to treat unmet medical needs.

关键词： antibody clinical candidates engineered antibodies chimeric antigen receptors