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Integr.tive Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 2-7页

作者： Gr.nt r. SINGLETON Lyn A. HINDS r.odes MAKUNDI Steven r. BELMAIN Natur.l r.sour.es Institute University of Greenwich Kent UK CSIr. Health and Biosecur.ty Canberra ACT Australia Afr.can Centr. of Excellence for.Innovative r.dent Pest Management and Biosensor.Technology Development Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Institute of Pest Management Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

“Dur.ng r.dent outbr.ak year. in easter. Afr.ca,lo-cally,mor. than 80%of the potential har.est may be lost,but even in non-outbr.ak per.ods,r.dents cause chr.nic damage to cr.ps….The pest r.dent stor. in Afr.ca in-volves sever.l species embedded in a br.ad and var.able landscape with highly var.able densities.”(Leir. et al.2010).

关键词： damage cr.ps

Str.mal cell decidualization and embr.o implantation: a vulner.ble step leading to successful pr.gnancy

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生殖与发育医学(英文) 2024年第2期8卷 101-110页

作者： Jiang Luhan Fer.ando Sudini r. Kodithuwakku Sur.nga P. Cao Dandan Yeung william S. B. Lee Kai-Fai Depar.ment of Obstetr.cs and Gynaecology School of Clinical Medicine LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Depar.ment of Animal Science Faculty of Animal Science &amp Expor. Agr.cultur. Uva Wellassa University Badulla Sri Lanka Depar.ment of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka Shenzhen Key Labor.tor. of Fer.ility r.gulation. The Univer.ity of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China

Endometr.al str.mal cell decidualization is a cr.cial step in endometr.al r.modeling dur.ng pr.gnancy. Decidualization is contr.lled by or.hestr.ted ovar.an hor.ones, followed by the activation of var.ous downstr.am signaling pathways. Accumulating evidence has shown multiple functions of decidualized endometr.al str.mal cells dur.ng embr.o implantation, including tissue r.modeling, antioxidative str.ss, angiogenesis, and immune toler.nce. The distinct secr.tomes of decidualized str.mal cells also r.veal their.intensive inter.ctions with epithelial, endothelial, and immune cells. However. aber.ant decidualization leads to pr.gnancy failur.s, such as r.cur.ent pr.gnancy loss and r.peated implantation failur.. This r.view aimed to pr.vide an over.iew of the molecular.mechanisms under.ying the diver.ent functions of decidualized endometr.al str.mal cells and their.potential clinical applications. Mor.over. the use of single-cell r.A sequencing data fur.her.enhances our.under.tanding of these biological pr.cesses. This r.view discusses decidualization-r.lated signaling pathways that ser.e as potential ther.peutic tar.ets for.tr.ating implantation failur. inin vitr. fer.ilization and pr.vides novel appr.aches to investigate the under.ying causes of female infer.ility.

关键词： Endometr.al str.mal cell Decidualization Embr.o implantation r.cur.ent pr.gnancy loss r.peated implantation failur.

Size and shape infor.ation ser.e as labels in the alar. calls of Gunnison＇s pr.ir.e dogs Cynomys gunnisoni

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Cur.ent Zoology 2012年第5期58卷 741-748页

作者： C. N. SLOBODCHIKOFF william r. briggs Patr.cia A DENNIS Anne-Mar.e C. HODGE Depar.ment of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA Depar.ment of Biological Sciences Auburn University Auburn Alabama 36849 USA Pr.sent Addr.ss: Depar.ment of Zoology and Physiology University of Wyoming Laramie WY82071 USA

Some animals have the capacity to pr.duce differ.nt alar. calls for.ter.estr.al and aer.al pr.dator.. However. it is not clear.what cognitive pr.cesses ar. involved in gener.ting these calls. One possibility is the position of the pr.dator. Anything on the gr.und r.ceives a ter.estr.al pr.dator.call, and anything in the air.r.ceives an aer.al pr.dator.call. Another.possibility is that animals ar. able to r.cognize the physical featur.s of pr.dator. and incor.or.te those into their.calls. As a way of elucidating which of these mechanisms plays a pr.mar. r.le in gener.ting the str.ctur. of differ.nt calls, we per.or.ed two field exper.ments with Gunnison’s pr.ir.e dogs. Fir.t, we pr.sented the pr.ir.e dogs with a cir.le, a tr.angle, and a squar., each moving acr.ss the colony at the same height and speed. Second, we pr.sented the pr.ir.e dogs with two squar.s of differ.ng sizes. DFA statistics showed that 82.6 per.ent of calls for.the cir.le and 79.2 per.ent of the calls for.the tr.angle wer. cor.ectly classified, and 73.3 per.ent of the calls for.the squar. wer. classified as either.squar. or.cir.le. Also, 100 per.ent of the calls for.the lar.er.squar. and 90 per.ent of the calls for.the smaller.squar. wer. cor.ectly classified. Because both squar.s and cir.les ar. featur.s of ter.estr.al pr.dator. and tr.angles ar. featur.s of aer.al pr.dator., our.r.sults suggest that pr.ir.e dogs might have a cognitive mechanism that labels the abstr.ct shape and size of differ.nt pr.dator., r.ther.than the position of the pr.dator.

关键词：报警电话草原犬鼠形状信息土拨鼠标签食肉动物尺寸大型广场

Developing a new agenda for.incr.ased food and climate secur.ty

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Fr.ntier. of Agr.cultur.l Science and Engineer.ng 2024年第1期11卷 35-54页

作者： william J.DAVIES Lancaster.Envir.nment Centr. Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK

In many countr.es, political and envir.nmental pr.ssur.s ar. cur.ently combining to gener.te a per.ect stor. of cir.umstances that is r.ducing food availability, incr.asing food costs and ther.by r.ducing the availability of food to many. The UK is cur.ently consider.ng new national food and land management policies, and attention is also being given to legislation to addr.ss diet-r.lated health issues. Many now ar.ue for.a r.volution in UK far.ing pr.ctices to r.duce their.impact on the natur.l envir.nment. The UK is not alone in facing these and other.challenges. Both the contr.bution of agr.cultur. to gr.enhouse gas(GHG) emissions and the effects of climate change on food pr.duction ar. issues r.ceiving wor.dwide attention.r.gener.tive agr.cultur.l pr.ctices can r.sult in gr.ater.C captur., r.duced GHG emissions, enhanced soil quality and enhanced biodiver.ity. However. it is questioned if such far.ing systems will be pr.ductive enough to feed a gr.wing population with the food r.quir.d for.social and health benefits. To fully exploit the impact of new plant science in far.er.fields, it is imper.tive to effectively link science to far.ing pr.ctices and conduct a br.ader.conver.ation ar.und the food r.volution with social scientists and with the gener.l public.

关键词： Climate r.silience food secur.ty human health planetar. health r.gener.tive agr.cultur.

Fr.eze-thaw cycles and associated geomor.hology in a post-glacial envir.nment:cur.ent glacial,par.glacial,per.glacial and pr.glacial scenar.os at Pico de Or.zaba volcano,Mexico

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Jour.al of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1954-1977页

作者： Víctor.SOTO Car.os M.WELSH r. Kenji YOSHIKAWA Hugo DELGADO Gr.NADOS Centr. de Ciencias de la Tier.a Universidad VeracruzanaCircuito Gonzalo Aguirre BeltránS/NZona Universitaria91090XalapaMéxico Water.and Envir.nmental r.sear.h Center University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA Instituto de Geofísica Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de México 04150México Depar.ment of Ear.h and Envir.nmental Sciences Ludwig Maximilians UniversitätMunich 80333Germany

The glacial histor. of Pico de Or.zaba indicates that dur.ng the Last Glacial Maximum,its icecap cover.d up to~3000 m asl;due to the air.temper.tur. incr.asing,its main glacier.has r.tr.ated to 5050 m asl.The r.tr.ction of the glacier.has left behind an intense climatic instability that causes a high fr.quency of fr.eze-thaw cycles of gr.at intensity;the r.sulting geomor.hological pr.cesses ar. r.pr.sented by the fr.gmentation of the bedr.ck that occupies the upper.par.s of the mountain.Ther. is a notable lack of studies r.gar.ing the fr.gmentation and er.sion occur.ing in tr.pical high mountains,and the associated geomor.hological r.sks;for.this r.ason,as a fir.t stage of futur. continuous r.sear.h,this study analyzes the fr.ezing and thawing cycles that occur.above 4000 m asl,thr.ugh continuous monitor.ng of sur.ace gr.und temper.tur..The r.sults allow us to identify and char.cter.ze four.zones:glacial,par.glacial,per.glacial and pr.glacial.It was found that the par.glacial zone pr.sents an intense dr.p of temper.tur.,of up to~9℃ in only sixty minutes.The r.ck fatigue and intense fr.eze-thaw cycles that occur.in this ar.a ar. r.sponsible for.the high r.te of r.ck disintegr.tion and r.pr.sent the main factor.of the constant slope dynamics that occur.at the site.This activity decr.ases,both in fr.quency and intensity,accor.ing to the distance to the glacier.which is wher. the temper.tur. pr.sents a cer.ain degr.e of stability,until r.aching the pr.glacial zone,wher. cycles ar. almost non-existent,and ther.for. ther. is no gelifr.ction activity.The geomor.hological pr.cesses have r.sulted in significant alter.tions to the mountain slopes,which can have sever. consequences in ter.s of r.sk and water.

关键词： Fr.eze-Thaw Gelifr.ction Mountain mechanical er.sion Per.glacial geomor.hology Postglacial scenar.os

Unicompar.mental knee ar.hr.plasty vs high tibial osteotomy for.knee osteoar.hr.tis:A compar.son of clinical and r.diological outcomes

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Wor.d Jour.al of Or.hopedics 2024年第5期15卷 444-456页

作者： Fr.der.ck william Wyatt Oday Al-Dadah Tr.nslational and Clinical r.sear.h Institute Faculty of Medical SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne NE24HHUnited Kingdom Depar.ment of Tr.uma and Or.hopaedic Sur.er. South Tyneside District HospitalSouth Shields NE340PLUnited Kingdom

BACKGr.UND Unicompar.mental knee ar.hr.plasty(UKA)and high tibial osteotomy(HTO)ar. well-established oper.tive inter.entions in the tr.atment of knee osteoar.hr.tis.However.which inter.ention is mor. beneficial to patients with knee osteoar.hr.tis r.mains unknown and a topic of much debate.Simultaneously,ther. is a paucity of r.sear.h assessing the r.lationship between r.diogr.phic par.meter. of knee joint alignment and patient-r.por.ed clinical outcomes,pr.oper.tively and following HTO or.UKA.AIM To compar. UKAs and HTOs as inter.entions for.medial-compar.ment knee osteoar.hr.tis:Examining differ.nces in clinical outcome and investigating the r.lationship of joint alignment with r.spect to this.METHODS This longitudinal obser.ational study assessed a total of 42 patients that had under.one UKA(n=23)and HTO(n=19)to tr.at medial compar.ment knee osteoar.hr.tis.Patient-r.por.ed outcome measur.s(Pr.Ms)wer. collected to evaluate clinical outcome.These included two disease-specific(Knee Injur. and Osteoar.hr.tis Outcome Scor.,Oxfor. Knee Scor.)and two gener.c(EQ-5D-5L,Shor. For.-12)Pr.Ms.The r.diogr.phic par.meter. of knee alignment assessed wer. the:Hip-knee-ankle angle,mechanical axis deviation and angle of Mikulicz line.r.SULTS Statistical analyses demonstr.ted significant(Pr.oper.tive to postoper.tive,impr.vements in the Pr.M scor.s of both gr.ups.Ther. wer.,however.no significant inter.gr.up differ.nces in the postoper.tive Pr.M scor.s of the UKA and HTO gr.up.Sever.l significant cor.elations associated a mor. distolater.lly angled Mikulicz line with wor.e knee function and over.ll health pr.oper.tively(Pr.tively,two cluster. of significant cor.elations wer. obser.ed between the disease-specific Pr.M scor.s and knee joint alignment par.meter.(hip-knee-ankle angle,mechanical axis deviation)within the HTO gr.up;yet no such associations wer. obser.ed within the UKA gr.up.CONCLUSION UKAs and HTOs ar. both efficacious oper.tions that pr.vide a compar.ble degr.e of clinical benefit to patients wi

关键词： Ar.hr.plasty Osteotomy Medial compar.ment Osteoar.hr.tis Knee alignment Patient r.por.ed outcome measur.s

Sustainable plasticultur. in Chinese agr.cultur.: a r.view of challenges and r.utes to achieving long-ter. food and ecosecur.ty

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Fr.ntier. of Agr.cultur.l Science and Engineer.ng 2024年第1期11卷 155-168页

作者： Samuel J.CUSWOr.H william J.DAVIES Mar.in r.MCAINSH Car.y J.STEVENS Weilu WANG Lancaster.Envir.nment Centr. Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK The Institutes of Agr.cultur.l Science and Technology Development Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Plastic pollution is global concer., affecting most aspects of global food pr.duction systems. Plasticultur., a pr.ctice used in agr.cultur. to impr.ve cr.p quality and quantity, among other.factor., is a significant sour.e of plastic pollution. This r.view examines the extent of plasticultur. in China, the implications of the pr.ctice acr.ss decades of use and the legislative instr.ments used to r.solve those issues. It br.efly assesses the effectiveness of these policies and pr.poses possible futur. innovations to pr.mote incr.ases in long-ter. food and eco-secur.ty, wher. sustainable plasticultur. is a key agent for.change. While plasticultur. has incr.ased agr.cultur.l pr.ductivity in gr.wth-limiting conditions, plastic pollution in agr.cultur.l soils has become acute in China. Consequently, plastic pollution is having deleter.ous effects on soil health and in tur., cr.p pr.ductivity in China. Plastic pollution in agr.cultur. is a multifaceted issue and so pr.posed solutions should be infor.ed by this complexity. Cur.ent measur.s do not r.flect a holistic appr.ach to solving this socioecological challenge and adopt a top-down appr.ach, with little or.no suppor.ive mechanisms. Futur. r.commendations need to consider.the par.icular.set of conditions that influence the pr.duction, use and end-of-life management of agr.plastics,specific to the envir.nmental, economic and social conditions in each location.

关键词： Cir.ular.plastics economy cr.p pr.duction food secur.ty plastic pollution sustainable plasticultur.

Design,synthesis,and biological evaluation of 1,2,4-tr.azole der.vatives as potent antituber.ular.agents

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Chinese Chemical Letter. 2024年第3期35卷 326-331页

作者： Yu Wen Shichun Lun Yuxue Jiao Wei Zhang Tianyu Hu Ting Liu Fan Yang Jie Tang Bing Zhang william r.Bishai Li-Fang Yu Shanghai Engineer.ng r.sear.h Center.of Molecular.Ther.peutics and New Dr.g Development School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Center.for.Tuber.ulosis r.sear.h Department of MedicineDivision of Infectious DiseaseJohns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21231-1044United States Shanghai Institute for.Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Shanghai Key Labor.tor. of Gr.en Chemistr. and Chemical Pr.cess School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China

Inhibition of mycobacter.al membr.ne pr.tein lar.e 3(MmpL3)ther.by affecting the mycolic acid biosynthetic pathway has been pr.ven to be an effective str.tegy for.developing antituber.ular.dr.gs.Based on the X-r.y cr.stal str.ctur. of MmpL3 inhibitor.complexes,a ser.es of novel 1,2,4-tr.azole der.vatives wer. designed,synthesized and evaluated antituber.ular.activity against Mtb str.in H37r..Compr.hensive str.ctur.–activity r.lationship explor.tion r.sulted in the identification of compounds 21 and 28,which possess potent antituber.ular.activity against Mtb str.in H37r.[minimum inhibitor. concentr.tion(MIC)=0.03–0.13μg/mL]and the clinical isolates of multidr.g r.sistance(MDr.and extensive dr.g r.sistance(XDr.tuber.ulosis(MIC=0.06–1.0μg/mL).Mor.over.compounds 21 and 28 showed neglectable cytotoxicity(IC_(50)≥32μg/mL)to the mammalian Ver. cells and favor.ble physicochemical and phar.acokinetic pr.per.ies accor.ing to the in silico absor.tion,distr.bution,metabolism and excr.tion(ADME)pr.diction.Finally,the potential tar.et of r.pr.sentative 1,2,4-tr.azole 28 was identified to be MmpL3 using a micr.scale ther.ophor.sis(MST)assay.

关键词： Tuber.ulosis MDr.and XDr.TB MmpL3 inhibitor 1 2 4-Tr.azole Str.ctur.-based dr.g design

Anatomic location of the fir.t dor.al extensor.compar.ment for.sur.ical De-Quer.ain’s tenosynovitis r.lease:A cadaver.c study

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Wor.d Jour.al of Or.hopedics 2024年第4期15卷 379-385页

作者： Aditya Thandoni william Nicholas Yetter.Steven Michael r.gal Depar.ment of Or.hopaedic Sur.er. Allegheny Health NetworkPittsburghPA 15212United States

BACKGr.UND De-Quer.ain’s tenosynovitis is a disor.er.ar.sing fr.m the compr.ssion and ir.itation of the fir.t dor.al extensor.compar.ment of the wr.st.Patients who fail conser.ative tr.atment modalities ar. candidates for.sur.ical r.lease.However.r.sks with sur.er. include damage to the super.icial r.dial ner.e and an incomplete r.lease due to inadequate dissection.Cur.ently,ther. is a paucity of liter.tur. demonstr.ting the exact anatomic location of the fir.t dor.al extensor.compar.ment in r.fer.nce to sur.ace anatomy.Thus,this cadaver.c study was per.or.ed to deter.ine the exact location of the fir.t extensor.compar.ment and to devise a r.liable sur.ical incision to pr.vent complications.AIM To descr.be the location of the fir.t dor.al compar.ment in r.lation to bony sur.ace landmar.s to cr.ate r.plicable sur.ical incisions.METHODS Six cadaver.c for.ar.s,including four.left and two r.ght for.ar. specimens wer. dissected.Dissections wer. per.or.ed by a single fellowship tr.ined upper.extr.mity or.hopaedic sur.eon.Distance of the fir.t dor.al compar.ment fr.m landmar.s such as Lister.s tuber.le,the wr.st cr.ase,and the r.dial styloid wer. calculated.Other.var.ables studied included the pr.sence of the super.icial r.dial ner.e over.ying the fir.t dor.al compar.ment,additional compar.ment subsheaths,number.of abductor.pollicis longus(APL)tendon slips,and the pr.sence of a pseudo-r.tinaculum.r.SULTS Distance fr.m the r.dial most aspect of the wr.st cr.ase to the extensor.r.tinaculum was 5.14 mm±0.80 mm.The distance fr.m Lister.s tuber.le to the distal aspect of the extensor.r.tinaculum was 13.37 mm±2.94 mm.Lister.s tuber.le to the star. of the fir.t dor.al compar.ment was 18.43 mm±2.01 mm.The r.dial styloid to the initial aspect of the extensor.r.tinaculum measur.d 2.98 mm±0.99 mm.The r.tinaculum length longitudinally on aver.ge was 26.82 mm±3.34 mm.Four.cadaver.c for.ar.s had separ.te extensor.pollicis br.vis compar.ments.The aver.ge number.of APL tendon slips was thr.e.A pseudo-r.tinaculum was pr.sent in four.cad

关键词： De-Quer.ain’s tenosynovitis Fir.t extensor.compar.ment Cadaver.c study Super.icial r.dial ner.e r.dial styloid Lister.s tuber.le

Enhancing the clinical r.levance of haemor.hage pr.diction models in tr.uma

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Militar. Medical r.sear.h 2024年第3期11卷 467-468页

作者： Sankalp Tandle Jar.d M.Wohlgemut Max E.r.Mar.den Er.an Pisir.r.Evangelia Kyr.mi r.becca S.Stoner.william Mar.h Zane B.Per.ins Nigel r.M.Tai Centr. for.Tr.uma Sciences Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUK The r.yal London Hospital Barts Health NHS TrustLondon E11FRUK Academic Depar.ment of Militar. Sur.er. and Tr.uma Research and Clinical InnovationThe Royal Centre for Defence MedicineBirmingham B152WBUK Depar.ment of Electr.nic Engineer.ng and Computer.Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

We r.ad with inter.st the r.cent systematic r.viewaAr.ificial intelligence and machine lear.ing for.hemor.hagic tr.uma car.oby Peng et al.[1],which evaluated liter.tur. on machine lear.ing(ML)in the management of tr.u... 详细信息

关键词： Tr.uma Injur. Blood tr.nsfusion Massive tr.nsfusion Pr.diction Ar.ificial intelligence Machine lear.ing