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Neoarchean atmospheric chemistry and the preservation of S-MIF in sediments from the São Francisco Craton

Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第5期13卷 207-226页

作者： Alice Bosco-Santos william patrick gilhooly ⅲ Paola de Melo-Silva Fotios Fouskas Amaury Bouyon João Gabriel Motta Mauricio Rigoni Baldim Wendell Fabricio-Silva Pascal Philippot Elson Paiva Oliveira Department of Geology and Natural Resources University of CampinasCampinasSP 13083855Brazil Department of Earth Sciences Indiana University-Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisINUSA Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris Universitéde ParisCNRS-UMR 715475005 Paris Cedex 05France Vizlab-X-Reality and GeoInformatics Lab UNISINOSSão LeopoldoRS 93022-750Brazil Geosciences Department Federal University of Mato GrossoCuiabáMTBrazil Geosciences Institute University of BrasiliaBrasíliaDistrito Federal 70910-900Brazil Institute of Geography and Geology University of Würzburg97074 WürzburgGermany Géosciences Montpellier Universitéde MontpellierCNRSUniversitédes AntillesMontpellierFrance Institute of Astronomy Geophysicsand Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of São PauloRua do Matão 1226São PauloBrazil

Sulfur mass-independent fractionation(S-MIF)preserved in Archean sedimentary pyrite is interpreted to reflect atmospheric *** ranges in Δ^(33)S that expanded into larger fractionations leading up to the Great Oxygenation Event(GOE;2.45–2.2 Ga)are disproportionately represented by sequences from the Kaapvaal and Pilbara *** patterns of S-MIF attenuation and enhancement may differ from the timing and magnitude of minor sulfur isotope fractionations reported from other cratons,thus obscuring local for global sulfur cycling *** expanding the Δ^(33)S record to include the relatively underrepresented São Francisco Craton in Brazil,we suggest that marine biogeochemistry affected S-MIF preservation prior to the *** an early Neoarchean sequence(2763–2730 Ma)from the Rio das Velhas Greenstone Belt,we propose that low δ^(13)Corg(<-30‰)and dampened Δ^(33)S(-0.4‰to-0.7‰)in banded iron formation reflect the marine diagenetic process of anaerobic methane *** overlying black shale(TOC up to 7.8%)with higher δ^(13)Corg(-33.4‰to-19.2‰)and expanded Δ^(33)S(2.3‰±0.8‰),recorded oxidative sulfur cycling that resulted in enhance preservation of S-MIF input from atmospheric sources of elemental *** sequence culminates in a metasandstone,where concomitant changes to more uniform δCorg(-30‰to--25‰),potentially associated with the RuBisCO I enzyme,and near-zero Δ^(33)S(-0.04‰to 0.38‰)is mainly interpreted as evidence for local oxygen *** placed in the context of other sequences worldwide,the Rio das Velhas helps differentiate the influences of global atmospheric chemistry and local marine diagenesis in Archean biogeochemical *** data suggest that prokaryotic sulfur,iron,and methane cycles might have an underestimated role in pre-GOE sulfur minor isotope records.

关键词： S-MIF preservation Archean atmospheric chemistry GOE São Francisco Craton

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Nitrogen preference across generations under changing ammonium nitrate ratios

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第2期12卷 235-244页

作者： Stefani Daryanto Lixin Wang william P.gilhooly III Pierre-André Jacinthe Department of Earth Sciences Indiana University Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisIN 46202USA State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Aims Nitrogen(N)in natural environments is typically supplied by a mix-ture of ammonia(NH_(4)^(+))and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)).However,factors that underlie either NH_(4)^(+)or NO_(3)^(-)preference,and how such preference will change across generations remain *** conducted a series of experiments to answer whether:(i)NH_(4)^(+):NO_(3)^(-)ratio is the driving factor for plant N preference,and(ii)this preference is con-sistent across *** We conducted both:(i)field observations(as a proxy for parent or P generation)and(ii)greenhouse experiments(the first generation or F1 and the second generation or F2)using corn and soybean grown under different NH_(4)^(+):NO_(3)^(-)*** Findings Both corn and soybean had the physiological plasticity to pre-fer either NH_(4)^(+)or NO_(3)^(-)depending on NH_(4)^(+):NO_(3)^(-)ratios,and this plasticity was consistent across ***,however,showed a stronger preference towards NO_(3)^(-)while soybean showed a stronger preference towards NH_(4)^(+).While both plants would try to make use of the most available form of N in their growing medium,plant species,physiological characteristics(***)and plant nutrient status also determined the extent of N *** the evolutionary and productivity perspective,this plasticity is benefi-cial,allowing plants to effectively acquire available N particularly in a changing climate.

关键词： climate change filial isotope parent plasticity

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Clearing the air: discrepant policy and practice concerning neonatal cannabinoid exposure

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第1期13卷 5-7页

作者： James patrick Ronayne Anthony Heard James william Antoon Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Children's HospitalUniversity of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences SystemChicagoIL 60612USA Department of Health Social Work University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences SystemChicagoIL 60612USA

In the current medical environment,efforts to improve detection rates and *** for infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS),a condition typically associated with opiates,are being renewed and strengthened.[1] We laud recent legislation such as the Protecting Our Infants Act of 2015,as it is well established that alignment between research,policv and practice resuhs in better population health.

关键词： Environment Exposure Population health

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Spatio-temporal analysis of flowering using Li DAR topography

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2017年第1期27卷 62-78页

作者： HART Samantha MIKHAILOVA Elena POST Christopher Mc MILLAN patrick SHARP Julia BRIDGES william Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation Clemson University SC 29634 USA Department of Mathematical Sciences Clemson University SC 29634 USA

Spatio-temporal patterns of flowering in forest ecosystems are hard to quantify and monitor. The objectives of this study were to investigate spatio-temporal patterns（e.g. soilssimple slope classesslope aspectand flow accumulation） of flowering around Lake IssaqueenaSouth Carolina（SCUSA） using plant-flowering database collected with GPS- enabled camera（stored in Picasa 3 web albums and project website） on a monthly basis in 2012 and Li DAR-based topography. Pacolet fine sandy loam had the most flowering plantsfollowed by Madison sandy loamboth dominant soil types around the lake. Most flowering plants were on moderately steep（17%–30%） and gently sloping（4%–8%） slopes. Most flowering plants were on west（247.5°–292.5°）southwest（202.5°–247.5°）and northwest（292.5°–337.5°） aspects. Most flowering plants were associated with minimum and maximum flows within the landscape. Chi-square tests indicated differences in the distributions of the proportions of flowering plants were significant by soil typeslopeaspectand flow accumulation for each month（February-November）for all months（overall）and across months. The Chi-square test on area-normalized data indicated significant differences for all months and individual differences by each month with some months not statistically significant. Cluster analysis on flowering counts for nine plant families with the most flowering counts indicated no unique separation by clusterbut implied that the majority of these families were flowering on strongly sloping（9%–16%） slopeson southwest（202.5°–247.5°） aspectsand low flow accumulation（0–200）. Presented methodology can serve as a template for future efforts to quantify spatio-temporal patterns of flowering and other phenological events.

关键词： aspect flow accumulation Geographic Information Systems(GIS) phenology soils

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Chromatographic fingerprinting and free-radical scavenging activity of ethanol extracts of Muntingia calabura L. leaves and stems

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第2期7卷 139-143页

作者： william patrick Cruiz Buhian Raquel Orejudos Rubio Juliana Janet Martin-Puzon Biological Research and Services Laboratory Natural Sciences Research InstituteUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines Institute of Biology University of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines

Objective: To determine the thin-layer chromatography(TLC) fingerprint profiles and to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of Muntingia calabura(M. calabura) leaves and ***: The leaves and stems were extracted using ethanol as solvent. The TLC separation of the phytochemical constituents of the leaf and ethanol extracts was carried out in ethyl acetate: n-hexane and chloroform: ethyl acetate mobile phase *** spots were visualized under visible light, UV 254 nm, UV 366 nm and after spraying with vanillin-sulfuric acid. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging assay was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the ***: Both the leaf and stem ethanol extracts at 4 mg/mL exhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl inhibition of more than 90%, relative to gallic acid. The results of TLC showed that the degree of resolution between the constituent spots was comparable between the two mobile phase systems using the different visualization wavelengths. Under the 254 nm visualization, few spots were observed in leaf and stem extracts. Visualization at 366 nm yielded the greatest number of observable spots of various colors in both leaf and stem extracts. More spots were visualized upon post-derivatization with vanillinsulfuric acid in the TLC chromatograms using chloroform: ethyl acetate mobile phase,compared to those in ethyl acetate: n-hexane mobile ***: M. calabura exhibited very high antioxidant activity in its leaves and stems ethanol extracts, both of which are used in traditional medicine. The TLC results demonstrated the presence of diverse secondary metabolites in the leaf and stem ethanol extracts, indicating that the antioxidant activity, including other bioactivities may be attributed to these phytochemical constituents. This paper has reported for the first time the TLC fingerprinting of M. calabura using visible light, UV 254 nm, UV 366 and postderivatization with vani

关键词： Muntingia calabura Antioxidant DPPH Thin-layer chromatography Secondary metabolites

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How are those “lost to follow-up” patients really doing? A compliance comparison in arthroplasty patients

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第1期6卷 150-155页

作者： Jung Keun Choi Jeffrey A Geller David A patrick Jr Wenbao Wang william Macaulay Center for Hip and Knee Replacement Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryNew York-Presbyterian Hospital at Columbia University Medical Center

AIM: To determine whether there is a functional difference between patients who actively follow-up in the office(OFU) and those who are non-compliant with office follow-up visits(NFU). METHODS: We reviewed a consecutive group of 588patients, who had undergone total joint arthroplasty(TJA), for compliance and functional outcomes at one to two years post-operatively. All patients were given verbal instructions by the primary surgeon to return at one year for routine follow-up visits. Patients that were compliant with the instructions at one year were placed in the OFU cohort, while those who were non-compliant were placed in the NFU cohort. Survey mailings and telephone interviews were utilized to obtain complete follow-up for the cohort. A χ2 test and an unpaired t test were used for comparison of baseline characteristics. Analysis of covariance was used to compare the mean clinical outcomes after controlling for confounding ***: Complete follow-up data was collected on 554 of the 588 total patients(93%), with 75.5% of patients assigned to the OFU cohort and 24.5% assigned to the NFU cohort. We found significant differences between the cohorts with the OFU group having a higher mean age(P = 0.026) and a greater proportion of females(P = 0.041). No significant differences were found in either the SF12 or WOMAC scores at baseline or at 12 mo ***: Patients who are compliant to routine follow-up visits at one to two years post-operation do not experience better patient reported outcomes than those that are non-compliant. Additionally, after TJA, older women are more likely to be compliant in following surgeon instructions with regard to follow-up office care.

关键词： Total joint arthroplasty Revision joint arthroplasty Functional outcomes Patient compliance Patient follow-up

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Bioactive metabolite profiles and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts from Muntingia calabura L. leaves and stems

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第8期6卷 682-685页

作者： william patrick Cruiz Buhian Raquel Orejudos Rubio Demetrio Lim Valle Jr. Juliana Janet Martin-Puzon Natural Sciences Research Institute University of the Philippines Institute of Biology University of the Philippines Department of Pathology and Laboratories Makati Medical Center

Objective: To determine the bioactive phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of leaf and stem ethanolic extracts from Muntingia calabura L.(M. calabura).Methods: Dried leaves and stems of M. calabura were extracted with 95% ethanol. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extracts were examined using the disc diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of each extract showing antimicrobial activity was determined. The dried extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening to determine the presence of bioactive components. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method and the aluminum chloride method, ***: Varying degrees of antimicrobial activity were exhibited by the leaf and stem extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P. aeruginosa), Salmonella typhimurium,Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus), Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans(C. albicans),with minimal activity against Escherichia coli. Based on the MIC, the extracts showed the highest activity against C. albicans, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of sterols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides and tannins in the leaf extract; however, no triterpenes were detected. In the stem extract,triterpenes were detected along with relative amounts of flavonoids, saponins, glycosides and tannins. Alkaloids and sterols were absent in the stem ***: M. calabura leaf and stem ethanol extracts are potential sources of antibacterial agents against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. This study reports for the first time the high degree of antifungal activity of M. calabura ethanolic extract, especially against C. albicans.

关键词： Antibacterial Antifungal Bioactive metabolites Disc diffusion Minimum inhibitory concentration Muntingia calabura

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Proteomic analysis reveals distinctive protein profiles involved in CD8^(+) T cell-mediated murine autoimmune cholangitis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第8期15卷 756-767页

作者： Weici Zhang Ren Zhang Jun Zhang Ying Sun patrick SC Leung Guo-Xiang Yang Zongwen Shuai william M Ridgway M Eric Gershwin Division of Rheumatology Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510006China Center for non-infectious liver diseases Beijing 302 HospitalBeijing 100039China Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022China Division of Immunology Allergy and RheumatologyUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45267

Autoimmune cholangitis arises from abnormal innate and adaptive immune responses in the liver,and T cells are critical drivers in this ***,little is known about the regulation of their functional behavior during disease *** previously reported that mice with T cell-restricted expression of a dominant negative form of transforming growth factor beta receptor type Ⅱ(dnTGFβ RII)spontaneously develop an autoimmune cholangitis that resembles human primary biliary cholangitis(PBC).Adoptive transfer of CD8^(+) but not CD4^(+) T cells into Rag1^(−/−)mice reproduced the disease,demonstrating a critical role for CD8^(+) T cells in PBC ***,we used SOMAscan technology to perform proteomic analysis of serum samples from dnTGFβRII and B6 control mice at different *** addition,we analyzed CD8 protein profiles after adoptive transfer of splenic CD8^(+) cells into Rag1^(−/−)*** use of the unique SOMAscan aptamer technology revealed critical and distinct profiles of CD8 cells,which are key to biliary *** total,254 proteins were significantly increased while 216 proteins were significantly decreased in recipient hepatic CD8^(+) cells compared to donor splenic CD8^(+) *** contrast to donor splenic CD8^(+) cells,recipient hepatic CD8^(+) cells expressed distinct profiles for proteins involved in chemokine signaling,focal adhesion,T cell receptor and natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity pathways.

关键词： autoimmune cholangitis CD8 dnTGFβRII mice proteomic analysis

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The effects of co-infection with human parvovirus B19 and Plasmodium falciparum on type and degree of anaemia in Ghanaian children

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第2期3卷 129-139页

作者： Kwabena Obeng Duedu Kwamena william Coleman Sagoe patrick Ferdinand Ayeh-Kumi Raymond Bedu Affrim Theophilus Adiku Department of Microbiology University of Ghana Medical School Institute of Cell Biology School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Edinburgh Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences.University of Ghana School of Allied Health Sciences Laboratory Department Princess Marie Louis Children's Hospital

Objective:To determin the extent to which parvovirus B19(B19V)and co-infection of B19V and malaria contribute to risk of anaemia in ***:B19V DNA and malaria parasites were screened for 234 children at the PMI,Children's Hospital in *** role of B19V and coinfection with B19V and malaria in anaemia was evaluated by analysing full blood cell counts,malaria and B19V DNA results from these ***:The prevalence of B19V,malaria and co-infection with B19V and malaria was 4.7%,41.9%and 2.6%,*** posed a greater risk in the development of mild anaemia compared to severe anaemia(OR=5.28 vrs3.15)whereas B19V posed a higher risk in the development of severe anaemia compared to mild anaemia(OR=4.07 vrs 1.00)from a non-anaemic *** with co-infection with B19V and malaria had 2.23 times the risk(95%CI=0.40-12.54)of developing severe anaemia should they already have a mild *** degree of anaemia was about three times affected by coinfection(Pillai's trace=0.551,P=0.001)as was affected by malaria alone(Pillai's trace=0.185,P=0.001).B19V alone did not significantly affect the development of anaemia in a non-anaemic *** anaemia was associated with B19V and co-infection with B19V and malaria more than normocytic normochromic ***:B19V was associated with malaria in cases of severe *** association posed a significant risk for exacerbation of anaemia in mild anaemic children.B19V and co-infection with B19V and malaria may be associated with microcytic anaemia rather than normocytic normochromic anaemia as seen in cases of B19V infection among persons with red cell abnormalities.

关键词： Malaria Human parvovirus B19 Anaemia Ghana Children

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Longitudinal evaluation of time related femoral neck narrowing after metal-on-metal hip resurfacing

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2013年第2期4卷 75-79页

作者： Wenbao Wang Jeffrey A Geller Rohit Hasija Jung Keun Choi David A patrick Jr. william Macaulay Center for Hip and Knee Replacement Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryNew York-Presbyterian Hospital at Columbia University Medical Center New York NY 10032 United States

AIM: To track the short-term neck narrowing changes in Birmingham metal-on-metal hip resurfacing(MOMHR) patients. METHODS: Since 2001, the Center for Hip and Knee Replacement started a registry to prospectively collect data on hip and knee replacement patients. From June 2006 to October 2008, 139 MOMHR were performed at our center by two participate surgeons using Birmingham MOMHR prosthesis(Smith Nephew, United States). It is standard of care for patients to obtain low, anteriorposterior(LAP) pelvis radiographs immediately after MOMHR procedure and then at 3 mo, 1 year and 2 year follow up office visits. Inclusion criteria for the present study included patients who came back for follow up office visit at above mentioned time points and got LAP radiographs. Exclusion criteria include patients who missed more than two follow up time points and those with poor-quality X-rays. Two orthopaedic residency trained research fellows reviewed the X-rays independently at 4 time points, i.e., immediate after surgery, 3 mo, 1 year and 2 year. Neck-to-prosthesis ratio(NPR) was used as main outcome measure. Twenty cases were used as subjects to identify the reliability between two observers. An intraclass correlation coefficient at 0.8 was considered as satisfied. A paired t-test was used to evaluate the significant difference between different time points with P < 0.05 considered to be statistically ***: The mean NPRs were 0.852 ± 0.056, 0.839 ± 0.052, 0.835 ± 0.051, 0.83 ± 0.04 immediately, 3 mo, 1 year and 2 years post-operatively respectively. At 3 mo, NPR was significantly different from immediate postoperative X-ray(P < 0.001). There was no difference between 3 mo and 1 year(P = 0.14) and 2 years(P = 0.53). Femoral neck narrowing(FNN) exceeding 10% of the diameter of the neck was observed in only 4 patients(5.6%) at two years follow up. None of these patients developed a femoral neck fracture(FNF). CONCLUSION: Femoral neck narrowing after MOMHR occurred as e

关键词： Hip joint Arthroplasty Complications Hip resurfacing Femoral neck narrowing

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