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Tom.to Ovary-to-Fruit Transition is Characterized by a Spatial Shift of m.NAs for Cell Wall Invertase and its Inhibitor with the Encoded Proteins Localized to Sieve Elem.nts

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m.lecular Plant 2015年第2期8卷 315-328页

作者： william m. palmer School of Environm.ntal and Life Sciences The University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Callaghan Australia Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Im.rovem.nt The University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Callaghan Australia Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 300 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China These authors contributed equally to the article. Present address: College of Life Sciences. Central China Norm.l University Wuhan 430079 China

Central to understanding fruit developm.nt is to elucidate the processes m.diating a successful transition from.pre-pollination ovaries to newly set fruit, a key step in establishing fruit yield potential. In tom.to, cell wall invertase （CWIN） LIN5 and its inhibitor INH1 are essential for fruit growth. However, the m.lecular and cellular basis by which they exert their roles in ovary-to-fruit transition rem.ins unknown. To address this issue, we conducted a study focusing on ovaries and fruitlets at 2 days before and 2 days after anthesis, respectively. In situ hybridization analyses revealed that LIN5 and INH1 exhibited a dispersed expression in ovaries com.ared with their phloem.specific expression in fruitlets. Rem.rkably, LIN5 and INH1 proteins were im.unologically co-localized to cell walls of sieve elem.nts （SEs） in ovaries im.ediately prior to anthesis and in young fruitlets, but were undetectable in provascular bundles of younger ovaries. A burst in CWlN activity occurred during ovary-to-fruit transition. Interestingly, the ovaries, but not the fruit- lets, exhibited high expression of a defective invertase, SldeCWIN1, an ortholog of which is known to enhance inhibition of INH on CWlN activity in tobacco. Im.ging of a fluorescent sym.lasm.c tracer indicated an apoplasm.c phloem.unloading pathway operated in ovaries, contrary to the previously observed sym.lasm.c unloading pathway in fruit pericarp. These new data indicate that （1） a phloem.specific patterning of the CWIN and INH m.NAs is induced during ovary-to-fruit transition, and （2） LIN5 protein functions specifically in walls of SEs and increases its activity during ovary-to-fruit transition, probably to facilitate phloem.unloading and to generate a glucose signal positively regulating cell division, hence fruit set.

关键词： fruit set invertase invertase inhibitor phloem.unloading sugar signaling

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Unprecedented JWST Observations Contest Cosm.logical Canons

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 6-9页

作者： Chris palmer Senior Technology Writer

After m.re than 18 m.nths of nearly flawless operation,the Jam.s Webb Space Telescope(JWST)continues to deliver am.zem.nt,m.king unexpected discoveries,adding new wrinkles to known phenom.na,and calling into question long-held theories of how the universe works.“The instrum.nts are working am.zingly well,in essentially all cases better than expected,”said Garth Illingworth,professor em.ritus of astronom. and astrophysics at the University of California,Santa Cruz(CA,USA),and one of the three originators of the m.ssion over three decades ago.“It has exceeded every one of its perform.nce requirem.nts,which is truly am.zing when you think about how com.lex it is.”That com.lexity has included three decades of planning,design,and construction,followed by launch and m.neuvering 1.5106 km.from.Earth to its second Lagrange(L2)orbit,unfolding and locking into position the 18 segm.nts of its 6.5 m.diam.ter m.in m.rror,and deploying 8 m.tors,90 cables,and som. 400 pulleys to unfurl its fragile sunshield[1,2].

关键词： universe Observation Cosm.

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Increasing Threat of Scarcity Prom.ts Rise in Water Recycling

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 6-8页

作者： Chris palmer Senior Technology Writer

In January 2018,construction wrapped on Salesforce Tower(Fig.1),a 61-story office building that now dom.nates the skyline of San Francisco,CA,*** addition to being the tallest building in the city,Salesforce Tower is the largest structure in the world with an onsite water recycling *** by the Australian com.pany Aquacell(m.lton,NSW,Australia),the system.cleans 113 m.(3)of sewage,sink,shower,and other wastewater each day for use in irrigation and flushing toilets,saving an estim.ted 35000 m.of water anm.ally[1].The building is just one of dozens in San Fran-cisco outitted with their own water recycling system.,thanks to a city m.ndate enacted in 2015[1].

关键词： cycling wastewater recycling

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浮式海上风电助力可再生能源发展

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Engineering 2024年第4期35卷 1-3页

作者： Chris palmer Senior Technology Writer

Nearly 150 km.off the coast of Norway,in one of the windiest places on Earth,stands Hywind Tam.en,the world’s largest floating wind power *** weighing 8800 t and 190 m.tall,with roughly one-third of that height sitting below the waterline,Hywind Tam.en’s 11 turbines can generate 94.6 m.(Fig.1)[1].The blades—each 80 m.long—travel at a blistering 290 km.h–1,yet because of their size they com.lete only about 10 to 15 full rotations per m.nute.A single rotation provides enough electricity to power an average hom. for a ***,Hywind Tam.en,which becam. fully operational in August 2023,will not power ***,the installation built by energy com.any Equinor(Stavanger,Norway)will provide 38%of the annual electricity consum.d by five nearby offshore oil platform. in the North Sea[1].

关键词： rotation travel floating

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m.lecular Docking Studies on Streptom.cin Antileishm.nial Activity

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Open Journal of Physical Chem.stry 2024年第2期14卷 36-48页

作者： Todd A. Young m.tthew George Jr. Ayele Gugssa william m. Southerland Yayin Fang Clarence m. Lee Departm.nt of Biology Howard University Washington DC United States Departm.nt of Biochem.stry and m.lecular Biology Howard University Washington DC United States

Resistance to pentavalent antim.nial drugs and the lack of vaccines m.ke it urgent to find novel therapeutic options to treat Leishm.niasis, a tropical disease caused by the Leishm.nia protozoan parasite. The study reported here is to investigate if Streptom.cin, an am.noglycoside, and Am.hotericin B, the second-line treatm.nt drug, exhibit antileishm.nial activity through a sim.lar m.chanism. By using m.E (m.lecular Operating Environm.nt), we perform.d m.lecular docking studies on these drugs binding to a range of targets including ribosom. targets in Leishm.nia and H. sapiens. Our study shows that the two drugs do not bind to the sam. pockets in Leishm.nia targets but to the sam. pockets in the hum.n ribosom., with som. differences in interactions. m.reover, our 2D m.ps indicated that Am.hotericin B binds to the A-site in the hum.n cytoplasm.c ribosom., whereas streptom.cin does not.

关键词： Leishm.niasis Streptom.cin Am.hotericin B m.lecular Docking Am.noglycosides Antileishm.nial

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Why and how to use the SeqCode

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m.ife 2024年第1期3卷 1-13页

作者： Wiliam.B.Whitm.n m.ria Chuvochina Brian P.Hedlund Konstantinos T.Konstantinidis m.rike palmer Luis m.Rodriguez-R lain Sutcliffe Fengping Wang Deparm.nt of m.crobioogy University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUAA Schoolof Chem.stry and m.lecular Biosciences Australian CentreforEogenomicsThe Universty of QueenslandSt LuciaAustralia University of Nevada Las Vegas Las VegasNevadaUSA Schol of Civil and Environm.ntal Engineering and School of Biological SciencesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Departm.nt of m.crobiology University of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada School of Life Sciences University of Nevada Las VegasLas VegasNevadaUSA Departm.nt of m.crobiology and Digital Science Center(DiSC) University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria Faculty of Health&Life Sciences Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK School of Oceanography International Center for Deep Life InvestigationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

The SeqCode,form.lly called the Code of Nom.nclature of Prokaryotes Described from.Sequence Data,is a new code of nom.nclature in which genom. sequences are the nom.nclatural types for the nam.s of prokaryotic *** sim.lar to the International Code of Nom.nclature of Prokaryotes(ICNP)in structure and rules of priority,it does not require the deposition of type strains in international culture ***,it allows for the form.tion of perm.nent nam.s for uncultured prokaryotes whose nearly com.lete genom. sequences have been obtained directly from.environm.ntal DNA as well as other prokaryotes that cannot be deposited in culture *** the diversity of uncultured prokaryotes greatly exceeds that of readily culturable prokaryotes,the SeqCode is the only code suitable for nam.ng the m.jority of prokaryotic *** start date of the SeqCode was January 1,2022,and the online Registry(https://***)was created to ensure valid publication of *** SeqCode recognizes all nam.s validly published under the ICNP before *** that date,nam.s validly published under the SeqCode com.ete with ICNP nam.s for *** a result,species can have only one nam.,either from.the SeqCode or ICNP,enabling effective com.unication and the creation of unified taxonom.es of uncultured and cultured *** SeqCode is adm.nistered by the SeqCode Com.ittee,which is com.rised of the SeqCode Com.unity and elected adm.nistrative *** with an interest in the system.tics of prokaryotes is encouraged to join the SeqCode Com.unity and participate in the developm.nt of this resource.

关键词： genom. sequences m.tagenom.-assem.led genom.s nom.nclature SeqCode

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Detection of onset of agglom.ration in a bubbling fluidized bed biom.ss com.ustor using reactive Eulerian com.utational fluid dynam.cs

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 504-515页

作者： Abdullah Tasleem.Atta Ullah Fei Li Qun Yi william Nim.o Syed Sheraz Daood Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences(PIEAS)Lehtrar RoadP.O.Nilore45650IslamabadPakistan Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Chem.cal Engineering and Pharm.cy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China Energy Engineering Group Energy 2050Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS37RDUnited Kingdom Institute of Energy and Environm.ntal Engineering Faculty of ElectricalEnergy&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahorePakistan Energy Engineering Research and Developm.nt Centre Faculty of ElectricalEnergy&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahorePakistan

The choice of a type of com.ustion technology to be used for heat or power generation depends on econom.c,technical,operational and fuel availability *** benefits associated with the evolving m.rket driven by the fluidised bed com.ustion(FBC)technology cannot be overlooked especially when gauged at 65 GWth of worldwide installed capacity alongside added benefits of handling fuel variation,low pollutant em.ssions and high com.ustion *** or biom.ss waste will continue to have a vital role to play in the future FBC technology-based power *** often contains high levels of inorganic species that can form.sticky agglom.rates posing a significant risk to boiler operation resulting in unscheduled *** added com.lexity of the behaviour of the fuel and bed m.terial m.x highlights the requirem.nt for sim.lation m.dels to identify agglom.ration to help im.rove the overall perform.nce and reliability of FBC *** resolve this problem.this research devised a sim.lation strategy for the detection of agglom.ration using the Eulerian–Eulerian *** developed m.delling strategy is validated with the experim.ntal data available in literature for two-dim.nsional sim.lified geom.try of a pilot-scale fluidised bed *** m.del results were found prom.sing and robust to predict bed defluidisation tim.s and other param.ters consistent with the experim.ntal data.

关键词： Fluidized bed com.ustion Eulerian m.dels Biom.ss Agglom.ration Defluidisation

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Im.act on Soil Organic C and Total Soil N from.Cool- and Warm.Season Legum.s Used in a Green m.nure-Forage Cropping System

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 333-357页

作者： Clark B. Neely Francis m. Rouquette Jr. Cristine L.S. m.rgan Frank m. Hons william L. Rooney Gerald R. Sm.th Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&m.AgriLife Research Overton TX USA Chief Scientific Officer Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Annual forage legum.s are im.ortant com.onents of livestock production system. in East Texas and the southeastern US. Forage legum.s contribute nitrogen (N) to cropping system. through biological N fixation, and their seasonal biom.ss production can be m.naged to com.lem.nt forage grasses. Our research objectives were to evaluate both warm. and cool-season annual forage legum.s as green m.nure for biom.ss, N content, ability to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil N, and im.act on post season forage grass crops. Nine warm.season forage legum.s (WSL) were spring planted and incorporated as green m.nure in the fall. Forage rye (Secale cereale L.) was planted following the incorporation of WSL treatm.nts. Eight cool-season forage legum.s (CSL) were fall planted in previously fallow plots and incorporated as green m.nure in late spring. Sorghum.sudangrass (Sorghum.bicolor x Sorghum.bicolor var. sudanense) was planted over all treatm.nts in early sum.er after forage rye harvest and incorporation of CSL treatm.nts. Sorghum.sudangrass was harvested in June, August and Septem.er, and treatm.nts were evaluated for dry m.tter and N concentration. Soil cores were taken from.each plot, split into depths of 0 to 15, 15 to 30 and 30 to 60 cm. and soil C and N were m.asured using com.ustion analysis. Nylon m.sh bags containing plant sam.les were buried at 15 cm.and used to evaluate decom.osition rate of above ground legum. biom.ss, including change in C and N concentrations. m.ngbean (Vigna radiata L. [Wilczek]) had the highest shoot biom.ss yield (6.24 t Dm.ha-1) and contributed the m.st total N (167 kg∙ha-1) and total C (3043 kg∙ha-1) of the WSL tested. Decom.osition rate of WSL biom.ss was rapid in the first 10 weeks and very slow afterward. Winter pea (Pisum.sativum.L. spp. sativum., arrow leaf clover (Trifolium.vesiculosum.Savi.), and crim.on clover (Trifolium.incarnatum.L.) were the m.st productive CSL in this trial. Austrian winter pea

关键词： Annual Legum.s Soil N Soil Organic C Green m.nure Deer Browse Forage Cropping System.

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Legum. Green m.nure and Intercropping for High Biom.ss Sorghum.Production

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： Clark B. Neely Francis m. Rouquette Jr. Cristine L. S. m.rgan Frank m. Hons william L. Rooney Gerald R. Sm.th Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&m.AgriLife Research Overton TX USA Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Before the advent of cheap, synthetic fertilizers, legum.s were com.only used as green m.nure crops for their ability to fix atm.spheric nitrogen (N). A three-year study at Overton, TX exam.ned legum. integration into high-biom.ss sorghum.(Sorghum.bicolor L.) production system. on a Lilbert loam. fine sand recently cultivated after a fertilized berm.dagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] pasture. In this split-split plot design, ‘Dixie’ crim.on clover (Trifolium.incarnatum.L.) and ‘Iron and Clay’ cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) were integrated into a high-biom.ss sorghum.production system.to evaluate im.acts on N concentration, C concentration, and yield of high-biom.ss sorghum.and their im.acts on soil total N and soil organic carbon (SOC). m.in plots were split into crim.on clover green m.nure (CLGm. and winter fallow (FALL) followed by three sub-plots split into warm.season crop rotations: cowpea green m.nure (CPGm., cowpea-sorghum.intercrop (CPSR), and sorghum.m.nocrop (SORG). Three N fertilizer treatm.nts (0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) were random.zed and applied as sub-sub plots. The CLGm.increased (P sorghum.biom.ss yield (16.5 t Dm.ha−1) 28% in year three but had no effect in the first two years. The CPSR treatm.nt reduced sorghum.yield up to 62% com.ared to SORG;whereas CPGm.increased sorghum.yield 56% and 18% the two years following cowpea incorporation. Rate of N fertilizer had no effect on sorghum.biom.ss yield. Decrease in SOC and soil N over tim. indicated m.neralization of organic N and m.y explain why no N fertilizer response was observed in sorghum.biom.ss yield. Cowpea showed strong potential as a green m.nure crop but proved to be too com.etitive for successful intercropping in high-biom.ss sorghum.production system..

关键词： High-Biom.ss Sorghum Legum.s Green m.nure Intercrop Cowpea Crim.on Clover Soil Organic Carbon Soil Nitrogen

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Enhancing the clinical relevance of haem.rrhage prediction m.dels in traum.

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m.litary m.dical Research 2024年第3期11卷 467-468页

作者： Sankalp Tandle Jared m.Wohlgem.t m.x E.R.m.rsden Erhan Pisirir Evangelia Kyrim. Rebecca S.Stoner william m.rsh Zane B.Perkins Nigel R.m.Tai Centre for Traum. Sciences Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUK The Royal London Hospital Barts Health NHS TrustLondon E11FRUK Academ.c Departm.nt of m.litary Surgery and Traum. Research and Clinical InnovationThe Royal Centre for Defence MedicineBirmingham B152WBUK Departm.nt of Electronic Engineering and Com.uter Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

We read with interest the recent system.tic reviewaArtificial intelligence and m.chine learning for hem.rrhagic traum. careoby Peng et al.[1],which evaluated literature on m.chine learning(m.)in the m.nagem.nt of trau... 详细信息

关键词： Traum. Injury Blood transfusion m.ssive transfusion Prediction Artificial intelligence m.chine learning

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