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Distinctive distribution of lymphocytes in unruptured and previously untreated brain arteriovenous malformation

Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation 2014年第1期1卷 147-152页

作者： Yi Guo Tarik Tihan Helen Kim Christopher Hess Michael T.lawton william l.young Yuan-li Zhao Hua Su Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Care Center for Cerebrovascular ResearchSan FranciscoCA 94110USA Department of Pathology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94110USA Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94110USA Department of Neurological Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94110USA Department of Neurology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94110USA Department of Neurosurgery Affiliated Hospital of Hebei UniversityBaoding 071000HebeiChina Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 410011China

Aim:To test the hypothesis that lymphocyte infiltration in brain arteriovenous malformation(bAVM)is not associated with iron deposition(indicator of micro-hemorrhage).Methods:Sections of unruptured,previously untreated bAVM specimens(n=19)were stained immunohistochemically for T-lymphocytes(CD3+),B-lymphocytes(CD20+),plasma cells(CD138+)and macrophages(CD68+).Iron deposition was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin and Prussian blue *** temporal arteries(STA)were used as ***:Both T-lymphocytes and macrophages were present in unruptured,previously untreated bAVM specimens,whereas few B cells and plasma cells were *** deposition was detected in 8 specimens(42%;95%confidence intervals=20-67%).The samples with iron deposition tended to have more macrophages than those without(666±313 vs.478±174 cells/mm2;P=0.11).T-cells were clustered on the luminal side of the endothelial surface,on the vessel-wall,and in the perivascular *** was no correlation between T-lymphocyte load and iron deposition(P=0.88).No macrophages and lymphocytes were detected in STA ***:T-lymphocytes were present in bAVM *** macrophages,the load and location of T-lymphocytes were not associated with iron deposition,suggesting the possibility of an independent cell-mediated immunological mechanism in bAVM pathogenesis.

关键词： B-lymphocyte human brain arteriovenous malformation inflammatory cells micro-hemorrhage T-lymphocyte

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大脑的血液动力学模型——动静脉畸变的应用研究

大脑的血液动力学模型——动静脉畸变的应用研究

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“科技增强国力，青年开创未来——携手走向辉煌的新世纪”中国科协第三届青年学术年会

作者： william l.young Eugene Ornstein John Pile-Spellman Departments of Anesthesiology Neurological Surgeryand RadiologyCollege of Physicians & Surgeons of Columbia UniversityUSA

在血液动力学和网络分析的基础上,本文用一大脑血流的计算机模型研究了动静脉畸变(AVM)对区域大脑动力学的影响。该模型包括114个正常段,分别表示:55根动脉、37根静脉、20个微血管集(MVG),一个根表示身体部分和颅外血管流阻,另一个表示... 详细信息

在血液动力学和网络分析的基础上,本文用一大脑血流的计算机模型研究了动静脉畸变(AVM)对区域大脑动力学的影响。该模型包括114个正常段,分别表示:55根动脉、37根静脉、20个微血管集(MVG),一个根表示身体部分和颅外血管流阻,另一个表示心脏。每个微血管集合含有5 000根微血管,表示小动脉床。模型还包括大脑血流的自调节功能及大血管的自适应功能。AVM通过供血动脉和排血静脉与该模型相联。本文对有无血流自调节和有无血管自适应功能的模型分别进行了模拟计算,并和临床实测数据进行了比较。结果表明,该模型可作为研究血液循环系统中血液动力学问题的有用工具。

关键词：大脑血液动力学模拟计算动静脉畸变

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静脉注射AAV9介导HRES控制的基因在脑缺血周围区表达

静脉注射AAV9介导HRES控制的基因在脑缺血周围区表达

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中华医学会第十七次全国神经病学学术会议

作者：沈帆霞 Robert Kuo Marine Milon-Camus william l.young Hua Su 上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院瑞金医院北院神经内科 Center for Cerebrovascular Research Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative CareUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCA

目的腺相关病毒(AAV)是脑部疾病的基因治疗的理想载体。AAV载体有效地感染神经元和神经胶质细胞,并可长期稳定地表达外源性基因。目前大多数研究通过立体定向注射AAV载体到大脑。立体定向注射是一种侵入性的过程,对脑部造成额外的损伤。...

目的腺相关病毒(AAV)是脑部疾病的基因治疗的理想载体。AAV载体有效地感染神经元和神经胶质细胞,并可长期稳定地表达外源性基因。目前大多数研究通过立体定向注射AAV载体到大脑。立体定向注射是一种侵入性的过程,对脑部造成额外的损伤。AAV-9能有效地通过新生小鼠的血脑屏障(BBB)。本实验研究静脉注射AAV-9能否介导lacZ基因至成年小鼠脑缺血区,携带缺氧反应元件(HRES)的AAV9载体(AAV-h9lacZ)能否限制基因在缺血脑周围区表达的。

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Corneal injection track: an unusual complication of intraocular lens implantation and review

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第3期8卷 631-633页

作者： Julie Y.C.lok Alvin l.young Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences the Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Alice Ho Miu ling Nethersole Hospital

Phacoemulsification is the main gold standard for cataract operation in the developed world together with foldable intraocular lens(IOl) implantation by injection,allowing for stable wound construction and less postoperative astigmatism. It is a safe procedure with high success rate with the advancement in machines,improvement of IOl injection systems and further maturation of surgeons’ techniques. Despite the large number of operations performed every day, foldable IOl injection leading to an intra-stromal corneal track is a very rare complication. We report a case of this unusual finding in a 70-year-old gentleman who has undergone cataract operation in November 2011 in our hospital and will review on the complications related to foldable IOl injection.

关键词： foldable intraocular lens phacoemulsification cornea complications

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Corneal blindness and current major treatment concerngraft scarcity

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第7期10卷 1154-1162页

作者： Kah Hie Wong Ka Wai Kam li Jia Chen Alvin l.young Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Prince of Wales Hospital

According to World Health Organization, the global prevalence of blindness in 2010 was 39 million people, among which 4% were due to corneal opacities. Often, the sole resort for visual restoration of patients with damaged corneas is corneal transplantation. However, despite rapid developments of surgical techniques, instrumentations and immunosuppressive agents, corneal blindness remains a prevalent global health issue. This is largely due to the scarcity of good quality corneal grafts. In this review, the causes of corneal blindness, its major treatment options, and the major contributory factors of corneal graft scarcity with potential solutions are discussed.

关键词： corneal blindness keratoplasty corneal graft corneal donation eye banking

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Management of cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis

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Eye and Vision 2021年第1期8卷 18-30页

作者： Angela H.Y.Wong Wee Nie Kua Alvin l.young Kelvin H.Wan Department of Ophthalmology Tuen Mun HospitalHong KongChina Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Prince of Wales HospitalHong KongChina Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Background:Cytomegalovirus(CMV)can manifest as corneal endotheliitis in immunocompetent *** diagnosis is prudent to prevent endothelial cell loss,which could ultimately lead to corneal *** DNA was first detected in an eye with corneal endotheliitis in 2006;since then,clinical evidence from numerous case reports and case series have *** text:In this narrative review,we identified several drugs,including ganciclovir,valganciclovir,and their combination in oral,intravenous,intravitreal,and topical forms in different concentrations,together with the judicious use of topical steroids,have reported variable *** has yet to be any prospective comparative study evaluating the efficacy and safety of these assorted forms of treatment;clinical evidence is based on case reports and case *** endotheliitis presenting with corneal edema can masquerade as other corneal diseases and thus poses a great challenge especially in post-keratoplasty *** awareness is needed before and after keratoplasty to start prompt prophylaxis and ***:There is no consensus on the management of CMV *** studies are much needed to elucidate the optimal treatment modality,regime,and duration in the treatment and prophylaxis of CMV endotheliitis.

关键词： Cytomegalovirus CMV Endotheliitis Keratoplasty Corneal transplant Cornea

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Pulsed laser Annealed Ga Hyperdoped Poly-Si/SiO_(x)Passivating Contacts for High-Efficiency Monocrystalline Si Solar Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第3期6卷 388-399页

作者： Kejun Chen Enrico Napolitani Matteo De Tullio Chun-Sheng Jiang Harvey Guthrey Francesco Sgarbossa San Theingi william Nemeth Matthew Page Paul Stradins Sumit Agarwal David l.young Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinois StGolden Colorado 80401USA Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and CNR-IMM Universit`a degli Studi di Padovavia Marzolo 8PadovaItaly National Renewable Energy laboratory 15013 Denver West ParkwayGolden Colorado 80401USA

Polycrystalline Si(poly-Si)-based passivating contacts are promising candidates for high-efficiency crystalline Si solar *** show that nanosecond-scale pulsed laser melting(PlM)is an industrially viable technique to fabricate such contacts with precisely controlled dopant concentration profiles that exceed the solid solubility *** demonstrate that conventionally doped,hole-selective poly-Si/SiO_(x)contacts that provide poor surface passivation of c-Si can be replaced with Ga-or B-doped contacts based on non-equilibrium *** overcome the solid solubility limit for both dopants in poly-Si by rapid cooling and recrystallization over a timescale of∼25 *** show an active Ga dopant concentration of∼3×10^(20)cm^(−3)in poly-Si which is six times higher than its solubility limit in c-Si,and a B dopant concentration as high as∼10^(21) cm^(−3).We measure an implied open-circuit voltage of 735 mV for Ga-doped poly-Si/SiO_(x)contacts on Czochralski Si with a low contact resistivity of 35.5±2.4 mΩcm^(2).Scanning spreading resistance microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy show large diffusion and drift current in the p-n junction that contributes to the low contact *** results suggest that PlM can be extended for hyperdoping of other semiconductors with low solubility atoms to enable high-efficiency devices.

关键词： Ga hyperdoping Ga passivating contacts poly-Si/SiO_(x) pulsed laser melting silicon solar cell

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质谱蛋白质组学在临床应用中的机遇和挑战

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中华检验医学杂志 2023年第8期46卷 775-779页

作者： Putuma P.Gqamana Brandy l.young Victoria Y.Zhang 罗切斯特大学医学中心病理学和检验医学罗切斯特美国

质谱技术作为免疫分析方法的补充,在临床实验室占据重要位置。随着质谱技术在蛋白质组学研究中的应用和发展,临床实验室开始了从小分子检测到蛋白质/多肽检测的探索,逐渐在临床应用的蛋白分析包括甲状腺球蛋白、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ、... 详细信息

质谱技术作为免疫分析方法的补充,在临床实验室占据重要位置。随着质谱技术在蛋白质组学研究中的应用和发展,临床实验室开始了从小分子检测到蛋白质/多肽检测的探索,逐渐在临床应用的蛋白分析包括甲状腺球蛋白、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ、载脂蛋白E和淀粉样蛋白等。然而在发展的道路上,面临前处理优化耗时长、成本高、缺少参考物质、监管不完善等挑战。尽管新兴的蛋白质组学生物标志物转化到临床诊断应用较慢,但庞大的蛋白质组学数据库和蛋白组学研究为后续临床发展提供了有力支撑。

关键词：质谱分析法实验室自建检测蛋白质组学挑战

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long term changes of posterior corneal elevation after myopic laser in situ keratomileusis

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Eye Science 2016年第1期31卷 13-19页

作者： Honghe Xia Riping Zhang Alvin l.young Mingzhi Zhang Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shantou 515041China Department ofOphthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong KongChina

Background: Corneal ectasia is a serious complication after laser in situ keratomileusis(lASIK). Ideally, patients at risk of ectasia should be identified prior to laser as unsuitable for lASIK, however, at present, there is no absolute test, system, or marker that can unequivocally identify patients at risk of developing ectasia. It has been suggested that changes in the forward protrusion of the posterior cornea or posterior corneal elevation(PCE) may be a key to the early detection of ectasia after lASIK. The purpose of this study was to examine the long term changes of the PCE after myopic lASIK using the ORBSCAN~ IIz(Bausch & lomb, Rochester, USA) and to evaluate the contributory preoperative factors to PCE ***: This was a retrospective longitudinal case series. Forty-two eyes of 23 consecutive myopic patients who underwent uneventful lASIK surgery 6 years ago were recalled for a postoperative follow-up examination using the ORBSCAN~ IIz to determine the elevation changes to the posterior corneal surface from the preoperative measurements. A forward shift of the posterior surface was given a negative value. Correlation analyses and forward stepwise regression analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of each of the preoperative parameters on the changes in PCE. Statistical and graphical analyses were ***: There was no statistical difference between the mean best-fit sphere(BFS) pre-lASIK and 6 years postop(P=0.25). Forty-two post-lASIK eyes had a mean posterior displacement of -9.38±9.84 μm(range, 12 to-31 μm) 6 years after lASIK. Forward stepwise multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the ablation spherical equivalent(ASE) was the only indicator of the forward shift of the posterior cornea after ***: The present study identified a significant forward shift of the posterior cornea 6 years after lASIK. The ASE was the most significant prognostic determinant for forward protrusion of the posterior cornea

关键词：准分子激光角膜长期变化原位多元线性回归分析逐步回归分析表面高度 PCE

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微波管研究趋向

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真空电子技术 1979年第2期 5-6+24页

作者： l.young 立风

自第一届功率管会议以来,已度过了两年漫长的历程。我们又召开了一届专门研究微波管的后续会议,会议开得很热烈,有时也产生争论。之所以组织这次会议,是由于国防部和工业部门对微波管研究的重要性不断有新的认识,这反映了这一“成熟”... 详细信息

自第一届功率管会议以来,已度过了两年漫长的历程。我们又召开了一届专门研究微波管的后续会议,会议开得很热烈,有时也产生争论。之所以组织这次会议,是由于国防部和工业部门对微波管研究的重要性不断有新的认识,这反映了这一“成熟”了的领域并没有开始衰落,而是正值兴旺时期。讨论围绕着两个方面:

关键词：降压收集极会议国防部电子枪电子注扩散阴极热阴极微波管超高频电子管场致发射阵列

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