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Indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi play a role in phosphorus depletion in organic manure amended high fertility soil

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第10期21卷 3051-3066页

作者： HUO Wei-ge CHAI Xiao-fen WANG Xi-he william david batchelor Arjun KAFLE FENG Gu College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Saving Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural ScienceUrumqi 830091P.R.China Biosystems Engineering Department Auburn UniversityAL 36849USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences North Carolina State UniversityNC 27695USA

The species richness and propagule number of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)are high in intensively-managed agricultural *** research has shown that AMF improve crop phosphorus(P)uptake under low soil P conditions,however it is unclear if AMF play a role in high Olsen-P *** this study,we investigated whether native fungal benefits exist under high P input field conditions in-situ and contribute to P *** installed in-grow tubes which were sealed with different membrane pore sizes(30 or 0.45μm)to allow or prevent AMF hyphae access to the hyphal compartment and prevent cotton roots from penetrating the *** used the depletion of soil available P(Olsen-P)in the hyphae accessed compartment to indicate P uptake by the native AMF *** results showed that the native AMF mediated P depletion and microbial biomass P(MBP)turnover and caused the largest Olsen-P depletion ratio and MBP turnover ratio in the high P treatments(Olsen-P:78.29 mg kg^(-1)).The cotton roots in each fertilization regime were colonized by a unique AMF community and Glomus and Paraglomus were the dominant genera,implying the longterm fertilization regimes domesticated the AMF *** conclude that native AMF caused the P depletion and P turnover even under high soil Olsen-P conditions.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi phosphorus depletion high P soil Gossypium spp. indigenous community mesh cores

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Crop Phenomics and High-Throughput Phenotyping:Past Decades,Current Challenges,and Future Perspectives

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Molecular Plant 2020年第2期13卷 187-214页

作者： Wanneng Yang Hui Feng Xuehai Zhang Jian Zhang John H.Doonan william david batchelor Lizhong Xiong Jianbing Yan Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070P.R.China National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science/College of Agronomy Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002P.R.China The National Plant Pheno mics Centre In stitute of BiologicalEnviron mental and Rural SciencesAberystwyth UniversityAberystwythUK Department of Biosystems Engineering Auburn UniversityAuburnALUSA These authors contributed equally to this article.

Since whole-genome sequencing of many crops has been achieved,crop functional genomics studies have stepped into the big-data and high-throughput ***,acquisition of large-scale phenotypic data has become one of the major bottlenecks hindering crop breeding and functional genomics ***,recent technological advances provide us potential solutions to relieve this bottleneck and to explore advanced methods for large-scale phenotyping data acquisition and processing in the coming *** this article,we review the major progress on high-throughput phenotyping in controlled environments and field conditions as well as its use for post-harvest yield and quality assessment in the past *** then discuss the latest multi-omics research combining high-throughput phenotyping with genetic ***,we propose some conceptual challenges and provide our perspectives on how to bridge the phenotype-genotype *** is no doubt that accurate high-throughput phenotyping will accelerate plant genetic improvements and promote the next green revolution in crop breeding.

关键词： crop phenomics high-throughput field phenotyping root system architecture yield and quality genetic studies

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Testing a bell-shaped function for estimation of fully expanded leaf area in modern maize under potential production conditions

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The Crop Journal 2018年第5期6卷 527-537页

作者： Xiaoxing Zhen Hui Shao Weina Zhang Weige Huo william david batchelor Peng Hou Enli Wang Guohua Mi Yuxin Miao Haigang Li Fusuo Zhang College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Biosystems Engineering Department Auburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Crop Physiology and EcologyMinistry of AgricultureBeijing 100081China CSIRO Agriculture Flagship CanberraACT 2601Australia Department of Soil Water and ClimateMinnesota UniversitySt.PaulMN 55108USA

Accurate leaf area simulation is critical for the performance of crop growth models. Area of fully expanded individual leaves of maize hybrids released before 1995 (defined as old hybrids) has been simulated using a bell-shaped function (BSF) and the relationship between its parameters and total leaf number (TLNO). However, modern high-yielding maize hybrids show different canopy architectures. The function parameters calibrated for old hybrids will not accurately represent modern hybrids. In this study, we evaluated these functions using a dataset including old and modern hybrids that have been widely planted in China in recent years. Maximum individual leaf area (Y_0) and corresponding leaf position (X_0) were not predicted well by TLNO (R^2= 0.56 and R^2= 0.70) for modern hybrids. Using recalibrated shape parameters a and b with values of Y_0 and X_0 for modern hybrids, the BSF accurately predicted individual leaf area (R^2= 0.95–0.99) and total leaf area of modern hybrids (R^2= 0.98). The results show that the BSF is still a robust way to predict the fully expanded leaf area of maize when parameters a and b are modified and Y_0 and X_0 are fitted. Breeding programs have led to increases in TLNO of maize but have not altered Y_0 and X_0, reducing the correlation between Y_0, X_0, and TLNO. For modern hybrids, the values of Y_0 and X_0 are hybrid-specific. Modern hybrids tend to have less-negative values of parameter a and more-positive values of parameter b in the leaf profile. Growth conditions, such as plant density and environmental conditions, also affect the fully expanded leaf area but were not considered in the original published equations. Thus, further research is needed to accurately estimate values of Y_0 and X_0 of individual modern hybrids to improve simulation of maize leaf area in crop growth models.

关键词： Hybrids Leaf area Leaf number Plant density Environmental conditions

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Testing a bell‐shaped function for estimation of fully expanded leaf area in modern maize under potential production conditions

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The Crop Journal 2018年第5期

作者： Xiaoxing Zhen Hui Shao Weina Zhang Weige Huo william david batchelor Peng Hou Enli Wang Guohua Mi Yuxin Miao Haigang Li Fusuo Zhang College of Resources and Environmental Sciences，China Agricultural University Biosystems Engineering Department，Auburn University Institute of Crop Sciences，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology，Ministry of Agriculture CSIRO Agriculture Flagship Department of Soil，Water and Climate，Minnesota University

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Spatiotemporal variation of drought characteristics in the Huang- Huai-Hai Plain, China under the climate change scenario

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第10期16卷 2308-2322页

作者： LI Xiang-xiang JU Hui Sarah Garré YAN Chang-rong william D.batchelor LIU Qin Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R. China Agro-meteorological Center of Jiangxi Province Nanchang 330096 P.R. China Department of Biosystems Engineering University of Liege Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Gembloux 5030 Belgium Biosystems Engineering Department Auburn University AL 36849 USA

Understanding the potential drought characteristics under climate change is essential to reduce vulnerability and establish adaptation strategies, especially in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain （3H Plain）, which is a major grain production area in China. In this paper, we investigated the variations in drought characteristics （drought event frequency, duration, severity, and intensity） for the past 50 years （1961-2010） and under future scenarios （2010-2099）, based on the observed meteorological data and the Representative Concentration Pathway （RCP） 8.5 scenario, respectively. First, we compared the applicability of three climatic drought indices： the standardized precipitation index （SPI）, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index based on the Penman-Monteith equation （SPEI-PM） and the same index based on the Thornthwaite equation （SPEI-TH） to correlate the recorded agricultural drought areas. Then, we analyzed the drought characteristics using ＇run theory＇ for both historical and the future RCP 8.5 scenario based on the best performing index. Correlation analyses between drought indices and agricultural drought areas showed that SPEI-PM performed better than SPI and SPEI-TH in the 3H Plain. Based on the results of SPEI-PM, drought risks including duration, severity and intensity during 1961-2010 showed an decreasing trend. However, under the RCP 8.5 scenario, drought is expected to rise in frequency, duration, severity, and intensity from 2010-2099, although drought components during the 2010-2039 are predicted to be milder compared with historical conditions. This study highlights that the estimations for atmospheric evaporative demand would create differences in the prediction of long-term drought trends by different drought indices. The results of this study can help inform researchers and local policy makers to establish drought management strategies.

关键词： climate change drought index drought characteristics Huang-Huai-Hai Plain

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Substrate mediated dissolution of redox active nanoparticles;electron transfer over long distances

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Nano Research 2022年第1期15卷 429-437页

作者： Ruo-Chen Xie Christopher batchelor-McAuley Minjun Yang Richard G.Compton Department of Chemistry Physical and Theoretical Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxford OXl 3QZUK

Reflective dark field microscopy is used to observe the decrease in the light scattered from Ag nanoparticles immobilised on differing solid *** nanoparticles are exposed to solutions containing halide ions,both at open circuit and under potentiostatic control,leading to the loss of the *** coupling optical and electrochemical techniques the physical origin of this transformation is demonstrated to be the electrochemical dissolution of the metal nanoparticles driven by electron transfer to ultra-trace dissolved *** dissolution kinetics of the surface-supported metal nanoparticles is compared on four substrate materials(i.e.,glass,indium titanium oxide,glassy carbon and platinum)with different electrical *** three conductive substrates catalyse the redox-driven dissolution of Ag nanoparticles with the electrons transferred from the nanoparticles,via the macroscopic electrode to the dioxygen electron acceptor.

关键词： substrate electrocatalysis oxidative dissolution metal nanoparticles optical microscopy electrochemistry

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Hidden symmetry operators for asymmetric generalized quantum Rabi models

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第1期31卷 320-323页

作者： Xilin Lu Zi-Min Li Vladimir V Mangazeev Murray T batchelor Department of Theoretical Physics Research School of PhysicsAustralian National UniversityCanberra ACT 2601Australia Mathematical Sciences Institute Australian National UniversityCanberra ACT 2601Australia Centre for Modern Physics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 40444China

The hidden Z2 symmetry of the asymmetric quantum Rabi model(AQRM)has recently been revealed via a systematic construction of the underlying symmetry *** on the AQRM result,we propose an ansatz for the general form of the symmetry operators for AQRM-related *** this ansatz we obtain the symmetry operator for three models:the anisotropic AQRM,the asymmetric Rabi–Stark model(ARSM),and the anisotropic ARSM.

关键词： light-matter interaction hidden symmetry asymmetric quantum Rabi model asymmetric Rabi-Stark model

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Koutecky-Levich analysis applied to nanoparticle modified rotating disk electrodes： Electrocatalysis or misinterpretation？

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Nano Research 2014年第1期7卷 71-78页

作者： Justus Masa Christopher batchelor-McAuley Wolfgang Schuhmann Richard G. Compton Department of Chemistry Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX13QZ UK Analytische Chemie and Center for Electrochemical Sciences-CES Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Universitatsstr 150 D-44780 Bochum Germany

The application of naive Koutecky-Levich analysis to micro- and nano-particle modified rotating disk electrodes of partially covered and non-planar geometry is critically analysed. Assuming strong overlap of the diffusion fields of the particles such that transport to the entire surface is time-independent and one-dimensional, the observed voltammetric response reflects an apparent electrochemical rate o constant koapp, equal to the true rate constant ko describing the redox reaction of interest on the surface of the nanoparticles and the ratio,ψ, of the total electroactive surface area to the geometric area of the rotating disk surface. It is demonstrated that Koutecky-Levich analysis is applicable and yields the expected plots of I-1 versus ω-1 where I is the current and ω is the rotation speed but that the values of the electrochemical rate constants inferred are thereof koapp, not ko. Thus, for ψ 〉 1 apparent electrocatalysis might be naively but wrongly inferred whereas for ψ 〈 1 the deduced electrochemical rate constant will be less than ko. Moreover, the effect of ψ on the observed rotating disk electrode voltammograms is significant, signalling the need for care in the overly simplistic application of Koutecky-Levich analysis to modified rotating electrodes, as is commonly applied for example in the analysis of possible oxygen reduction catalysts.

关键词： rotating disk electrodes nanoparticles electrocatalysis electrode kinetics electro-reduction ofoxygen Koutecky-Levich analysis

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Removal of arsenite by reductive precipitation in dithionite solution activated by UV light

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第12期30卷 168-176页

作者： Bahngmi Jung Aya Safan Yuhang Duan Vishakha Kaushik Bill batchelor Ahmed Abdel-Wahab Chemical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Education City Zachry Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M University College Station

This study investigates the removal of arsenite（As（III）） from water using dithionite activated by UV light. This work evaluated the removal kinetics of As（III） under UV light irradiation as affected by dithionite dose and light intensity, and characterized the nature of the precipitated solids using XPS and SEM-EDS. Photolysis of dithionite was observed by measuring dithionite concentration using UV absorbance at 315 nm. This study also investigated the effect of UV light path length on soluble As concentrations to understand resolubilization mechanisms. Total soluble As concentrations were observed to decrease with reaction time due to reduction of arsenite to form solids having a yellow-orange *** removal mechanism was found to be reductive precipitation that formed solids of elemental arsenic or arsenic sulfide. However, these solids were observed to resolubilize at later times after dithionite had been consumed. Resolubilization of As was prevented and additional As removal was obtained by frequent dosing of dithionite throughout the experiment. As（III） removal is attributed to photolysis of dithionite by UV light and production of reactive radicals that reduce As（III） and convert it to solid forms.

关键词： Arsenite Sodium dithionite Reductive precipitation and Ultraviolet light

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Lattice distortion releasing local surface strain on high-entropy alloys

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 4775-4779页

作者： Christian M.Clausen Jack K.Pedersen Thomas A.A.batchelor Jan Rossmeisl Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen2100 KøbenhavnØDenmark

High-entropy alloys(HEAs)have the potential to be a paradigm-shift for rational catalyst discovery but this new type of alloy requires a completely new approach to predict the surface *** addition to the ligand effect perturbing the surface–adsorbate bond,the random configuration of elements in the surface will also induce local strain effects due to the varying radii of neighboring *** modelling of HEA surface reactivity requires an estimate of this effect:To what degree is the adsorption of intermediates on these lattice distorted atomic environments affected by local strain?In this study,more than 3,500 density functional theory(DFT)calculated adsorption energies of*OH and*O adsorbed on the HEAs IrPdPtRhRu and AgAuCuPdPt are statistically analyzed with respect to the lattice constants of the alloys and the surfaces of each individual binding *** is found that the inherent distortion of the lattice structure in HEAs releases the local strain effect on the adsorption energy as the atomic environment surrounding the binding atom(s)settles into a relaxed *** is even observed to be true for clusters of atoms of which the sizes deviate significantly from the atomic environment in which they are *** elucidates an important aspect of binding site interaction with the neighboring atoms and thus constitutes a step towards a more accurate theoretical model of estimating the reactivity of HEA surfaces.

关键词： high-entropy alloys surface reactivity strain effect surface strain electrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction

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