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Time scales and length scales in magma ?ow pathways and the origin ofmagmatic Ni-Cu-PGE ore deposits

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第1期10卷 77-87页

作者： Stephen J.barnes Jesse C.Robertson CSIRO Mineral Resources

Ore forming processes involve the redistribution of heat, mass and momentum by a wide range of processes operating at different time and length scales. The fastest process at any given length scale tends to be the dominant control. Applying this principle to the array of physical processes that operate within magma flow pathways leads to some key insights into the origins of magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide ore deposits. A high proportion of mineralised systems, including those in the super-giant Noril'sk-Talnakh camp, are formed in small conduit intrusions where assimilation of country rock has played a major role. Evidence of this process is reflected in the common association of sulfides with varitextured contaminated host rocks containing xenoliths in varying stages of assimilation. Direct incorporation of S-bearing country rock xenoliths is likely to be the dominant mechanism for generating sulfide liquids in this setting. However, the processes of melting or dissolving these xenoliths is relatively slow compared with magma flow rates and, depending on xenolith lithology and the composition of the carrier magma, slow compared with settling and accumulation rates. Chemical equilibration between sulfide droplets and silicate magma is slower still, as is the process of dissolving sulfide liquid into initially undersaturated silicate magmas. Much of the transport and deposition of sulfide in the carrier magmas may occur while sulfide is still incorporated in the xenoliths, accounting for the common association of magmatic sulfide-matrix ore breccias and contaminated "taxitic" host rocks. Effective upgrading of so-formed sulfide liquids would require repetitive recycling by processes such as reentrainment, back flow or gravity flow operating over the lifetime of the magma transport system as a whole. In contrast to mafic-hosted systems, komatiite-hosted ores only rarely show an association with externally-derived xenoliths, an observation which is partially due to the pre

关键词： Magmatic ore deposits Assimilation Intrusions Nickel Norilsk Komatiites

CDC7 inhibition impairs neuroendocrine transformation in lung and prostate tumors through MYC degradation

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第8期9卷 3519-3532页

作者： Alvaro Quintanal-Villalonga Kenta Kawasaki Esther Redin Fathema Uddin Swanand Rakhade Vidushi Durani Amin Sabet Moniquetta Shafer Wouter R.Karthaus Samir Zaidi Yingqian A.Zhan Parvathy Manoj Harsha Sridhar Dennis Kinyua Hong Zhong Barbara P.Mello Metamia Ciampricotti Umesh K.Bhanot Irina Linkov Juan Qiu Radhika A.Patel Colm Morrsey Sanjoy Mehta Jesse barnes Michael C.Haffner Nichlas D.Socci Richard P.Koche Elisa de Stanchina Sonia Molina-Pinelo Sohrab Salehi Helena A.Yu Joseph M.Chan Charles M.Rudin Department of Medicine Thoracic Oncology ServiceMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Cancer Biology and Genetics Program Sloan Kettering InstituteMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUA Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Center for Epigenetics Research Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Pathology Core Facilty Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineMSKCCNew YorkNYUSA Antitumor Assessment Core Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Divisionsof Human Biology and Clinical Research Fred Hutchinon Cancer CenterSeattleWAUSA Deparmentof Urology University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Gene Editing&Screening Core Facility Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New YorkNYUSA Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Bioinfomatics CoreFacility Memorial Soan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Institute of Biomedicine of Seille(Bis) HURCSCUniversidad de SevillaSevilleSpain Computational Oncology Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Well Cornell Medical College New York NYUSA Present address:Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research(ISREC) School of Life SciencesEPFLLausanneSwitzerland

Neuroendocrine(NE)transformation is a mechanism of resistance to targeted therapy in lung and prostate adenocarcinomas leading to poor *** to date,even if patients at high risk of transformation can be identified by the occurrence of Tumor Protein P53(TP53)and Retinoblastoma Transcriptional Corepressor 1(RB1)mutations in their tumors,no therapeutic strategies are available to prevent or delay histological *** of the cell cycle kinase Cell Division Cycle 7(CDC7)occurred in tumors during the initial steps of NE transformation,already after TP53/RB1 co-inactivation,leading to induced sensitivity to the CDC7 inhibitor ***7 inhibition suppressed NE transdifferentiation and extended response to targeted therapy in in vivo models of NE transformation by inducing the proteasome-mediated degradation of the MYC Proto-Oncogen(MYC),implicated in stemness and histological *** overexpression of a degradation-resistant MYC isoform reestablished the NE transformation phenotype observed on targeted therapy,even in the presence of ***7 inhibition also markedly extended response to standard cytotoxics(cisplatin,irinotecan)in lung and prostate small cell carcinoma *** results nominate CDC7 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy to constrain lineage plasticity,as well as to effectively treat NE tumors de novo or after *** simurosertib clinical efficacy trials are ongoing,this concept could be readily translated for patients at risk oftransformation.

关键词： tumors markedly transformation

A newly developed technique involving the optimization of flow velocity compensation for lower extremity CT angiography

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第16期58卷 1864-1868页

作者： ZHANG Lei XU Dong LI KunCheng JIN ErHu barnes Bret Department of Cardiology Capital Medical College Affiliated Beijing Xuanwu Hospital Department of Radiology Capital Medical College Affiliated Beijing Xuanwu Hospital Department of Radiology Capital Medical College Affiliated Beijing Friendship Hospital Department of Radiology Medical College of Wisconsin

Advanced computed tomography (CT) technology has allowed for faster and more robust imaging. However, it has been a technical challenge to correctly synchronize CT acquisition with adequate and uniform arterial enhancement in the entire peripheral arterial tree. In this summary, we introduce a method of injection/acquisition optimization strategy based on a velocity-compen-sated CT angiography technique for the peripheral artery system, which is currently used in the United States. We believe that this imaging technique will provide additional information for our daily CT services in China.

关键词：成像技术血管造影优化策略 CT 计算机断层扫描开发下肢补偿

Coherent video generation for multiple hand-held cameras with dynamic foreground

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Computational Visual Media 2020年第3期6卷 291-306页

作者： Fang-Lue Zhang Connelly barnes Hao-Tian Zhang Junhong Zhao Gabriel Salas Victoria University of Wellington Wellington 6012New Zealand Adobe Research SeattleUSA Stanford University San FranciscoUSA

For many social events such as public performances, multiple hand-held cameras may capture the same event. This footage is often collected by amateur cinematographers who typically have little control over the scene and may not pay close attention to the camera. For these reasons, each individually captured video may fail to cover the whole time of the event, or may lose track of interesting foreground content such as a performer. We introduce a new algorithm that can synthesize a single smooth video sequence of moving foreground objects captured by multiple hand-held cameras. This allows later viewers to gain a cohesive narrative experience that can transition between different cameras, even though the input footage may be less than ideal. We first introduce a graph-based method for selecting a good transition route. This allows us to automatically select good cut points for the hand-held videos, so that smooth transitions can be created between the resulting video shots. We also propose a method to synthesize a smooth photorealistic transition video between each pair of hand-held cameras, which preserves dynamic foreground content during this transition. Our experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods, which struggle to preserve dynamic foreground content.

关键词： dynamic preserve camera

Stability Limitation and Analytical Evaluation of Voltage Droop Controllers for VSC MTDC

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2018年第2期4卷 238-249页

作者： Wenyuan Wang Mike barnes Ognjen Marjanovic GE Grid Solutions StaffordST174LXU.K School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of ManchesterManchesterM139PLU.K

This paper presents a systematic analysis of DC voltage stability of a multi-terminal VSC-HVDC(MTDC)system,with the emphasis on a comparative study of the most ubiquitous droop control *** paper introduces a general framework for the analysis of various droop control configurations employed in MTDC *** framework is then used to compare leading droop control configurations in terms of their impact on the relative stability,performance and robustness of the overall MTDC system.A generalized analytical MTDC model that contains detailed models of AC and DC system components is *** imposed by DC power flow,DC inductor,cable modeling and AC network impedance on DC system stability are *** and multivariable frequency response analysis and eigenvalue analysis are applied to open-loop and closed-loop models to compare the stability and robustness of five leading droop controllers,with the focus on feedback signal selection and controller *** paper also proposes an active stabilizing controller,which takes the form of a modified constant power control,to enhance the controllability and robustness of the DC voltage control.

关键词： Droop control mathematical modeling MTDC control stability VSC HVDC

Biofumigation: An alternative strategy for the control of plant parasitic nematodes

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第7期19卷 1680-1690页

作者： Rebecca Jean barnes BRENNAN Samantha GLAZE-CORCORAN Robert WICK Masoud HASHEMI University of Massachusetts Amherst Cranberry Station East WarehamMassachusetts 02538USA Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMA 01003USA

Plant-parasitic nematodes wreak havoc on the yield and quality of crops *** from these pests is estimated to exceed US$100 bllion annually but is likely higher due to *** damage may be catastrophic,but historically the solution has been damaging as *** of the synthetic nematicide methyl bromide(MBr)poses risks to the environment and to human ***,the use of plant material and naturally produced compounds to control pests,is an increasingly feasible method of pest *** process acts through the growth or incorporation of plant material into the soil,that,over the course of its degradation,releases glucosinolates that break down into nematotoxic *** secondary plant metabolites exist naturally in commonly grown plants,most of which belong to the Brassicaceae *** endeavors have increasingly explored the potential of *** reaction of target pests,the selection of biofumigant,and ideal environments for efficacy continue to be *** review seeks to provide a cost and benefit assessment of the status of biofumigation for the control of plant-parasitic nematodes as an alternative to conventional methyl bromide usage.

关键词： biofumigation plant-parasitic nematode Brassicaceae isothiocyanate methyl bromide

Signal Processing for Fast Fault Detection in HVDC Grids

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2018年第4期4卷 469-478页

作者： Willem Leterme Mike barnes Dirk Van Hertem EnergyVille/Electa research group Electrical Engineering Department ESATKU LeuvenBelgium Power Conversion Research Group School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK

For multiterminal or meshed Voltage Source Converter(VSC)High-voltage Direct Current(HVDC)systems,high speed protection against DC faults is essential,as power electronic components cannot withstand the rapidly increasing fault currents which would otherwise *** proposed DC fault detection methods were developed based on time domain simulations in EMT-type software,which requires considerable modeling and computational efforts and results in methods specifically designed for the HVDC grid under *** simplify the initial design of DC fault detection methods,this paper proposes general guidelines based on fundamental theory and offers a reduced modeling ***,the impact of non-ideal measurements is investigated and a method to choose the filters that optimally discriminate these fault signals from noise,is *** approach was evaluated in a case study on fault detection in a realistically dimensioned HVDC *** paper shows that the initial design of fast fault detection methods can be based on the relatively simple proposed guidelines and reduced *** paper furthermore shows that a sufficiently high sampling frequency and a filter matched to the fault signal enable fault detection within hundreds of microseconds and discrimination of DC faults from transients not related to DC faults.

关键词： HVDC matched filter measurement power system faults power system transients

A Systematic Literature Review of Funding for Higher Education Institutions in Developed Countries

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Frontiers of Education in China 2016年第4期11卷 519-542页

作者： Qilong ZHANG Ruth barnes KANG Ning Faculty of Health Education and HumanitiesWaiariki Institute of TechnologyRotoruaNew Zealand China Education Publishing&Media Holdings Co.Ltd. Beijing 100089China

Resource allocation and funding in higher education is crucial to the success of reform and transformation of our higher education *** a view to identifying trends and best practices in the area,utilizing a method of systematic literature review,we have critically reviewed relevant theories and practices from developed counties that are covered in the scholarly literature published in English in the past 10 *** review has revealed:(1)Several universal trends have exerted a decisive impact on resource allocation in higher education,for example,funding reduction and tuition fee increases,performancebased funding,privatization,corporatization,and internationalization;(2)Several theories underpin key research in the area,for example,new institutional economics,resource dependence theory,and political economy;(3)Several controversial issues have made their way into public debate,for example,higher education as a public good or private good,academic capitalism,educational equity,and the role of econometrics.

关键词： higher education resource allocation funding developed countries

Review of different fault detection methods and their impact on pre-emptive VSC-HVDC dc protection performance

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High Voltage 2017年第4期2卷 211-219页

作者： Bin Chang Oliver Cwikowski Mike barnes Roger Shuttleworth Antony Beddard Paul Coventry Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Future Science ParkBeijing 102209People's Republic of China The University of Manchester Oxford RoadManchester M139PLUK National Grid National Grid HouseWarwick CV346DAUK

Multi-terminal voltage-sourced converters(VSC)high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmission system is expected to play a vital role in future power *** with ac power transmission,dc transmission is more vulnerable to faults due to low dc-side impedances and sensitive power electronics in the *** protection issues must be tackled before any multi-terminal VSC-HVDC grid can be *** multi-terminal VSC-HVDC system is studied in detail using switching models for two-level converters,detailed equivalent models for the modular multi-level converters,detailed hybrid circuit breaker switching models and frequency-dependent phase models for dc *** such high-fidelity system models,a systematic study of HVDC fault protection methodologies in more detail than previous studies is *** is the first comprehensive study that includes pre-emptive circuit breaker *** results presented in this study underline the benefits of such a detailed treatment of the breaker,and of considering it as part of a fast power electronics system rather than isolated dc *** study identifies the best existing fault detection method and tests it *** order to further improve post-fault system recovery response,which is a key but often neglected part of previous studies,a novel bump-less transfer control has been implemented in the converters.

关键词： fault system power