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Sulfur-doped graphene anchoring of ultrafine Au25 nanoclusters for electrocatalysis

Nano Research 2021年第10期14卷 3509-3513页

作者： Mufan Li Bei Zhang Tao Cheng Sunmoon Yu Sheena Louisia Chubai Chen Shouping Chen Stefano Cestellos-Blanco william agoddard iii Peidong Yang Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Chemical Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute BerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Materials and Process Simulation Center California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCalifornia 91125USA

The biggest challenge of exploring the catalytic properties of under-coordinated nanoclusters is the issue of *** demonstrate herein that chemical dopants on sulfur-doped graphene(S-G)can be utilized to stabilize ultrafine(sub-2 nm)Au_(25)(PET)18 clusters to enable stable nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)without significant structural *** Au_(25)@S-G exhibits an ammonia yield rate of 27.5μgNH_(3)·mgAu^(-1)·h^(-1)at-0.5 V with faradic efficiency of 2.3%.More importantly,the anchored clusters preserve~80%NRR activity after four days of continuous operation,a significant improvement over the 15%remaining ammonia production rate for clusters loaded on undoped graphene tested under the same *** labeling experiments confirmed the ammonia was a direct reaction product of N2 feeding gas instead of other chemical ***-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy of post-reaction catalysts reveal that the sulfur dopant plays a critical role in stabilizing the chemical state and coordination environment of Au atoms in *** ReaxFF molecular dynamics(RMD)simulation confirmed the strong interaction between Au nanoclusters(NCs)and *** substrate-anchoring process could serve as an effective strategy to study ultrafine nanoclusters’electrocatalytic behavior while minimizing the destruction of the under-coordinated surface motif under harsh electrochemical reaction conditions.

关键词： gold nanoclusters sulfur-doped graphene nitrogen reduction reaction electrocatalysis anchoring effect

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Bolstering integrity in environmental data science and machine learning requires understanding socioecological inequity

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 171-179页

作者： Joe F.Bozeman iii School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332USA School of Public Policy Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332USA

Socioecological inequity in environmental data science—such as inequities deriving from data-driven approaches and machine learning(ML)—are current issues subject to debate and *** is growing consensus around embedding equity throughout all research and design domains—from inception to administration,while also addressing procedural,distributive,and recognitional ***,practically doing so may seem onerous or daunting to *** current perspective helps to alleviate these types of concerns by providing substantiation for the connection between environmental data science and socioecological inequity,using the Systemic Equity Framework,and provides the foundation for a paradigmatic shift toward normalizing the use of equity-centered approaches in environmental data science and ML *** the integrity of environmental data science and ML is just beginning from an equity-centered tool development and rigorous application *** this end,this perspective also provides relevant future directions and challenges by overviewing some meaningful tools and strategies—such as applying the Wells-Du Bois Protocol,employing fairness metrics,and systematically addressing irreproducibility;emerging needs and proposals—such as addressing data-proxy bias and supporting convergence research;and establishes a ten-step path ***,the work that environmental scientists and engineers do ultimately affect the well-being of us all.

关键词： Equity Bias Machine Learning Data Science Justice Systemic Equity

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Extinction of Light in the Galactic Halo: First Observational Evidence of the Interaction of Light and Dark Matter

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第8期15卷 1144-1198页

作者： Charles H. McGruder iii Department of Physics and Astronomy Western Kentucky University Bowling Green USA

We study the distribution of quasars on the celestial sphere according to ground-based SDSS and space-based WISE and Gaia observations. All distributions as a function of galactic latitude, b, exhibit a decrease in quasar frequency well outside the dust in and near the galactic plane. We prove that the observed decrease in quasar frequency at high galactic latitudes is not accompanied by reddening, meaning that it can not be caused by dust. The scattering of light by the circumgalactic gas is negligible because the Thomson scattering cross section is very small. We conclude the observed scattering of light must be caused by dark matter in the galactic halo. We determine the mass and charge of dark matter particles. If the dark matter particle is a fermion its mass, mDMand charge eDM=δe, where e is the elementary charge are: mDM=3.2×10−2eV and δ=3.856×10−5. If however the dark matter particle is spinless then: mDM=0.511eV and δ=2.132×10−4. These values for the charge of a dark matter particle are orders of magnitude higher than the upper limit of the neutrino charge according to laboratory experiments. Consequently, dark matter particles are not charged neutrinos. Since dark matter particles are charged, they must emit and absorb electromagnetic radiation. However, PDM~δ2, or: PDM~1.487×10−9Pe, where Peis the power output of a single electron.

关键词： Milky Way Dark Matter Halo (1049)

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Cosmology without the Cosmological Principle and without Violating the Copernican Principle: Taub-NUT Universe

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第8期15卷 1069-1096页

作者： Charles H. McGruder iii Department of Physics and Astronomy Western Kentucky University Bowling Green Kentucky USA

We develop a theory of cosmology, which is not based on the cosmological principle. We achieve this without violating the Copernican principle. It is well known that the gravitational redshift associated with the Schwarzschild solution applied to the distant supernova does not lead to the observed redsift-distance relationship. We show, however, that generalizations of the Schwarzschild metric, the Taub-NUT metrics, do indeed lead to the observed redshift-distance relationship and to the observed time dilation. These universes are not expanding rather the observed cosmological redshift is due to the gravitational redshift associated with these solutions. Time dilation in these stationary universes has the same dependency on redshift that generally has been seen as proof that space is expanding. Our theory resolves the Hubble tension.

关键词： Cosmology General Relativity

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Current devices,outcomes,and pain management considerations in penile implant surgery:an updated review of the literature

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第4期26卷 335-343页

作者： Nirupama Ancha Maya Eldin Tarah Woodle Sofia Gereta Krishna Hariprasad Imani Butler E Charles Osterberg iii Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical SchoolAustinTX 78712USA Department of Urology Brooke Army Medical CenterSan AntonioTX 78234USA Department of Molecular Biosciences The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA.

Penile prosthesis surgery is a definitive treatment for erectile dysfunction(ED).The two categories of penile prosthesis are endorsed by professional guidelines,inflatable penile prosthesis(IPP)and malleable penile prosthesis(MPP).Each modality of penile prosthesis offers distinct advantages and incorporates specific design features,allowing for personalized device selection that aligns with individual needs and *** the overall complication rate of penile implant surgery remains low,surgeons should maintain a high index of suspicion for complications in the perioperative time *** analgesic regimens including nerve blocks and narcotic-free pathways should be administered to manage perioperative ***,the high patient satisfaction after penile prosthesis surgery underscores the success of this ED treatment option.

关键词： erectile dysfunction penile implant penile prosthesis

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A 63-Year-Old Male with D-Transposition of the Great Arteries Who Had an Early Form of the Arterial Switch Operation

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 65-68页

作者： Michael A.Rebolledo Jane S.Yao Jason N.Johnson Umar S.Boston Benjamin R.Waller iii Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of PediatricsThe University of Tennessee Health Science CenterThe Heart InstituteLe Bonheur Children’s HospitalMemphisUSA College of Medicine The University of Tennessee Health ScienceMemphisUSA Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryThe University of Tennessee Health Science CenterHeart InstituteLe Bonheur Children’s HospitalMemphisUSA

We describe a 63-year-old male who appears to have undergone an early form of the arterial switch operation for D-transposition of the great arteries performed in the *** review the clinical and imaging data that support our *** had a diagnostic cardiac catheterization which demonstrated severe pulmonary hypertension responsive to epoprostenol and *** case may represent one example of the experimental surgical work done prior to *** Jatene’s description of theﬁrst successful arterial switch performed in 1975.

关键词： Adult congenital heart disease arterial switch operation great vessel anomaly imaging(all modalities)

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Knowledge‐based deep learning system for classifying Alzheimer's disease for multi‐task learning

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 805-820页

作者： Amol Dattatray Dhaygude Gaurav Kumar Ameta Ihtiram Raza Khan Pavitar Parkash Singh Renato RMaaliw iii Natrayan Lakshmaiya Mohammad Shabaz Muhammad Attique Khan Hany SHussein Hammam Alshazly Department of Data Science University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA Department of Computer Science&Engineering Parul Institute of TechnologyParul UniversityVadodaraGujaratIndia Department of Computer Science Jamia HamdardDelhiIndia Department of Management Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraIndia 5 College of Engineering Southern Luzon State UniversityLucbanQuezonPhilippines Department of Mechanical Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSIMATSChennaiTamil NaduIndia Model Institute of Engineering and Technology JammuJ&KIndia Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxilaPakistan Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department Aswan UniversityAswanEgypt Faculty of Computers and Information South Valley UniversityQenaEgypt

Deep learning has recently become a viable approach for classifying Alzheimer's disease(AD)in medical ***,existing models struggle to efficiently extract features from medical images and may squander additional information resources for illness *** address these issues,a deep three‐dimensional convolutional neural network incorporating multi‐task learning and attention mechanisms is *** upgraded primary C3D network is utilised to create rougher low‐level feature *** introduces a new convolution block that focuses on the structural aspects of the magnetic resonance imaging image and another block that extracts attention weights unique to certain pixel positions in the feature map and multiplies them with the feature map ***,several fully connected layers are used to achieve multi‐task learning,generating three outputs,including the primary classification *** other two outputs employ backpropagation during training to improve the primary classification *** findings show that the authors’proposed method outperforms current approaches for classifying AD,achieving enhanced classification accuracy and other in-dicators on the Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative *** authors demonstrate promise for future disease classification studies.

关键词： classification deep learning

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Utilization of RNA sequencing to investigate olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps:A pilot study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 29-36页

作者： Jorge A.Gutierrez iii Jeremy L.Barth Rodney J.Schlosser Thomas S.Edwards Timothy L.Smith Zachary M.Soler Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Regenerative Medicine&Cell Biology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA

Objectives:Prior research on olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)has focused on patients with polyps and suggests that direct inflammation of the olfactory cleft mucosa plays a contributory *** purpose of this study was to evaluate gene expression in superior turbinate mucosal specimens,comparing normosmic and dysosmic CRS patients without polyps(CRSsNP).Methods:Tissue samples were obtained from the superior turbinates of patients with CRSsNP at the time of endoscopic sinus *** subsequently underwent RNA sequencing and functional analysis to investigate biological pathways associated with differentially expressed genes between dysosmic(n=7)and normosmic(n=4)***:Differential gene expression analysis comparing dysosmic and normosmic CRSsNP patients showed upregulation of 563 genes and downregulation of 327 *** stringent criteria for multiple comparisons,one upregulated gene(Immediate Early Response 3[IER3])had an false discovery rate(FDR)correction adjustedP value considered statistically significant(P<0.001,fold change 2.69).Reactome functional analysis revealed eight biological pathways significantly different between dysosmic and normosmic patients(P<0.05,FDR correction)including IL-4 and IL-13 signaling,IL-10 signaling,and rhodopsin-like ***:RNA sequencing of the superior turbinates in patients with CRSsNP can provide valuable information regarding biological pathways and genes involved in olfactory *** study supports literature suggesting that Type 2 inflammation may play a role in olfactory dysfunction in at least some patients with *** study also prompts questions regarding the role of IL-10,rhodopsin-like receptors,andIER3 in the pathogenesis of olfactory dysfunction.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps olfactory dysfunction RNA sequencing

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In memory of Professor David Alexander Yuen

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Earthquake Research Advances 2024年第2期4卷 1-6页

作者： Gabriele Morra Henry M.Tufo Ⅲ Department of Physics University of Louisiana at Lafayette 104 E University AveLafayette70504LouisianaUSA Department of Computer Science University of Colorado at BoulderBoulderCO80309USA

David Alexander Yuen was born on June 14,1948,in Shanghai during the Chinese Civil *** family moved to Hong Kong the following *** to the help of Senator Mike Mansfield,a Democrat from Montana,who met Dave's father during World War II,the entire family of seven moved to New York City in *** showed much enthusiasm as a student,graduating from Xavier High School in Lower Manhattan in 1965,along with other successful Americans such as Supreme Court Justice Antonin *** proceeded to Caltech to study chemical physics and then moved to the chemistry department at the University of California,Berkeley in 1969,where the beginning of the plate tectonics revolution inspired him to change his focus to geophysics.

关键词： Berkeley moved Lower

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Evaluation of a Wireless Solar Powered Personal Weather Station

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 36-53页

作者： Robert J. Lascano Timothy S. Goebel Dennis C. Gitz iii John E. Stout Cropping Systems Research Laboratory Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit USDA-ARS Lubbock TX USA

We are evaluating dryland cotton production in Martin County, Texas, measuring cotton lint yield per unit of rainfall. Our goal is to collect rainfall data per 250 - 400 ha. Upon selection of a rainfall gauge, we realized that the cost of using, for example, a tipping bucket-type rain gauge would be too expensive and thus searched for an alternative method. We selected an all-in-one commercially available weather station;hereafter, referred to as a Personal Weather Station (PWS) that is both wireless and solar powered. Our objective was to evaluate average measurements of rainfall obtained with the PWS and to compare these to measurements obtained with an automatic weather station (AWS). For this purpose, we installed four PWS deployed within 20 m of the Plant Stress and Water Conservation Meteorological Tower that was used as our AWS, located at USDA-ARS Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, Lubbock, TX. In addition, we measured and compared hourly average values of short-wave irradiance (Rg), air temperature (Tair) and relative humidity (RH), and wind speed (WS), and calculated values of dewpoint temperature (Tdew). This comparison was done over a 242-day period (1 October 2022-31 May 2023) and results indicated that there was no statistical difference in measurements of rainfall between the PWS and AWS. Hourly average values of Rg measured with the PWS and AWS agreed on clear days, but PWS measurements were higher on cloudy days. There was no statistical difference between PWS and AWS hourly average measurements of Tair, RH, and calculated Tdew. Hourly average measurements of Rg and WS were more variable. We concluded that the PWS we selected will provide adequate values of rainfall and other weather variables to meet our goal of evaluating dryland cotton lint yield per unit rainfall.

关键词： Automation Sensors Citizen Weather Station Mesonet Rainfall Weather Variables

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