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Second-harmonic generation in periodic fork-shaped χ^((2)) gratings at oblique incidence

Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第4期22卷 101-105页

作者：盛艳刘山胡效康陈鑫徐天翔赵如薇 wieslaw kroli kowski Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices Research Institute of Advanced TechnologiesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Engineering Research Center for Advanced Infrared Photoelectric Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Department of Quantum Science and Technology Research School of PhysicsAustralian National UniversityCanberra ACT 2601Australia School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China

Three-dimensional(3D) nonlinear photonic crystals have received intensive interest as an ideal platform to study nonlinear wave interactions and explore their applications. Periodic fork-shaped gratings are extremely important in this context because they are capable of generating second-harmonic vortex beams from a fundamental Gaussian wave, which has versatile applications in optical trapping and materials engineering. However, previous studies mainly focused on the normal incidence of the fundamental Gaussian beam, resulting in symmetric emissions of the second-harmonic vortices. Here we present an experimental study on second-harmonic vortex generation in periodic fork-shaped gratings at oblique incidence, in comparison with the case of normal incidence. More quasi-phase-matching resonant wavelengths have been observed at oblique incidence, and the second-harmonic emissions become asymmetric against the incident *** results agree well with theoretic explanations. The oblique incidence of the fundamental wave is also used for the generation of second-harmonic Bessel beams with uniform azimuthal intensity distributions. Our study is important for a deeper understanding of nonlinear interactions in a 3D periodic medium. It also paves the way toward achieving highquality structured beams at new frequencies, which is important for manipulation of the orbital angular momentum of light.

关键词： second-harmonic generation nonlinear photonic crystal periodically poled ferroelectric crystal quasi-phase matching nonlinear wavefront shaping

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