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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第26期16卷 3287-3291页

作者： Kendrick Che Natasha Muckova Snorri Olafsson wichit srikureja Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Loma Linda University Medical Center Loma Linda CA 92354 United States

AIM: To assess the tolerability and safety of same-day tandem procedures, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) followed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) under conscious sedation. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted at Loma Linda University Medical Center, a tertiary-care center. All 54 patients who underwent EUS followed by ERCP (group A) from 2004 to 2006 were included in the study. A second group of 56 patients who underwent EUS only (group B), and a third group of 53 patients who underwent ERCP only (group C) during the same time period were selected consecutively as control groups for comparison. RESULTS: Conscious sedation was used in 96% of patients in group A. Mean dosages of meperidine and midazolam used in group A were signifi cantly higher than in group B or C. Mean recovery time in group A was not statistically longer than in group B or C. Therewas no signifi cant difference in the incidence of sedation-related and procedural-related complications. CONCLUSION: Tandem EUS/ERCP procedure can be safely performed under conscious sedation with minimal adverse events. Combined procedures, however, are associated with higher dosages of sedatives, and slightly longer recovery time.

关键词： Conscious sedation Safety Same-day Endoscopic ultrasound Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Dose requirement and complications of diluted and undiluted propofol for deep sedation in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第3期10卷 313-318页

作者： Somchai Amornyotin wichit srikureja Wiyada Chalayonnavin Siriporn Kongphlay Department of Anesthesiology and Siriraj GI Endoscopy Center Faculty of MedicineSiriraj HospitalMahidol University Section of Gastroenterology Loma Linda University Medical Center

BACKGROUND:In general,the dose requirement and complications of propofol are lower when used in the diluted form than in the undiluted *** aim of this study was to determine the dose requirement and complications of diluted and undiluted propofol for deep sedation in endoscopic retrograde ***:Eighty-six patients were randomly assigned to either group D (diluted propofol) or U (undiluted propofol).All patients were sedated with 0.02-0.03 mg/kg midazolam (total dose ≤2 mg for age <70 years and 1 mg for age ≥70) and 0.5-1 μg/kg fentanyl (total dose ≤75 μg for age <70 and ≤50 μg for age ≥70).Patients in group U (42) were sedated with standard undiluted propofol (10 mg/mL).Patients in group D (44) were sedated with diluted propofol (5 mg/mL).All patients in both groups were monitored for the depth of sedation using the Narcotrend *** primary outcome variable was the total dose of propofol used during the *** secondary outcome variables were complications during and immediately after the procedure,and recovery ***:All endoscopies were completed *** propofol doses per body weight and per body weight per hour in groups D and U were 3.0 mg/kg,6.2 mg/kg per hour and 4.7 mg/kg,8.0 mg/kg per hour,*** mean dose of propofol,expressed as total dose,dose/kg or dose/kg per hour and the recovery time were not significantly different between the two ***-related adverse events during and immediately after the procedure were higher in group U (42.9%) than in group D (18.2%) (P=0.013).CONCLUSIONS:Propofol requirement and recovery time in the diluted and undiluted propofol groups were ***,the sedation-related hypotension was significantly lower in the diluted group than the undiluted group.

关键词： propofol dose requirement complication endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Economical effect of lumen apposing metal stents for treating benign foregut strictures

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2018年第10期10卷 294-300页

作者： Alexander Hallac wichit srikureja Eashen Liu Parag Dhumal Ashish Thatte Nishant Puri Providence Gastroenterology SpokaneWa 99204United States College of Business Economics and ComputingUniversity of Wisconsin-ParksideKenoshaWI 53144United States School of Business Administration Gonzaga UniversitySpokaneWa 99258United States

AIM To evaluate the clinical and economical efficacy of lumen apposing metal stent(LAMS) in the treatment of benign foregut *** A single center retrospective database of patients who underwent endoscopic treatment of benign foregut strictures between January 2014 and May 2017 was analyzed. A control group of non-stented patients who underwent three endoscopic dilations was compared to patients who underwent LAMS placement. Statistical tests performed included independent t-tests and fiveparameter regression analysis RESULTS Nine hundred and ninety-eight foregut endoscopic dilations were performed between January 2014 and May 2017. 15 patients underwent endoscopic LAMS placement for treatment of benign foregut stricture. Thirty-six patients with recurrent benign foregut strictures underwent three or more endoscopic dilations without stent placement. The cost ratio of endoscopic dilation to LAMS(stent, placement and retrieval) is 5.77. Cost effective analysis demonstrated LAMS to be economical after three endoscopic dilation *** was cost effective after two dilations in the Postsurgical stricture subgroup. CONCLUSION Endoscopists should consider LAMS for the treatment of benign foregut strictures if symptoms persist past three endoscopic dilations. Post-surgical strictures may benefit from LAMS if symptoms persist after two dilations in a post-surgical. Early intervention with LAMS appears to be a clinically and economically viable option for durable symptomatic relief in patients with these strictures.

关键词： Benign esophageal stricture Endoscopy economics Stent economics Self expandable metallic stents Esophageal diseases

The Optimal Design of Lighting Systems for Designated Office Building in Thailand

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第4期7卷 798-804页

作者： Surasak Panjavaranont Pomrapeepat Phasaputra Woraratana Pattaraprakom Arthit Sode-Yome Kitti Tirawannavit Chaiyapat Kumpeerakupt Somkhun Rimsmutchai wichit Krueasuk Natapongkom Pawanawichien Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Thammasat University Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Thammasat University Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Siam University Bangkok 10160 Thailand

This paper proposes the financial index of payback period analysis in order to evaluate the economic performance of lighting system. Conventional designs and proposed optimal design using the Energy Conversation Promotion Act （No. 2） B.E. 2550 of Ministry of Energy （Section--The Type or Size of Building Standards and Rules and Procedures, Building Design for Energy Conservation, Act B.E. 2552） are compared based on illumination standard for office building in term of energy consumption, return of investment and environmental impact. Firstly, the Type or Size of Building Standards and Rule and Procedures, Building Design for Energy Conservation, Act B.E. 2552 is reviewed and compared with the conventional designs of lighting system for office building. Next, the lifetime energy consumption of fluorescent lamp T5 with electronic ballast, fluorescent lamp T8 with standard ballast and fluorescent lamp T8 with electronic ballast are simulated using DIALux software program in three sizes office buildings. Then, the payback period and CO2 emission of lighting system for selected office building are simulated by various scenarios, which the analytical results show are the optimal lighting system for office building under the present situation. Finally, the optimal design of lighting system for designated office building in Thailand will be discussed with respect to the energy performance with environmental friendly.

关键词： Energy management finance environment lighting system design.

The Optimal Energy Management for Lighting of Bank in GMS （Greater Mekong Sub-region） Countries

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第4期7卷 788-797页

作者： Chaiyapat Kumpeerakupt Somkuan Rimsmutchai Pomrapeepat Bhasaputra Woraratana Pattaraprakorn Arthit Sode-Yome Natapongkom Pawanawichien Surasak Tirawannavit Kitti Tirawannavit PanuponSamerpark wichit Krueasuk Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Thammasat University Pathum Thani 12120Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Thammasat University Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Siam University Bangkok 10160 Thailand

As a result of the high economic growth in GMS （Greater Mekong Sub-region） countries, bank branches have now expanded at high rate. The expansion of new buildings, however, has not considered energy, especially lighting system, in the design stage. This paper presents the optimal energy management design of lighting system for the bank buildings in the countries along Mekong River, namely China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos and Thailand. The lighting system is considered in the study as most of the countries use T8 fluorescent luminaires. The LCC （life cycle cost） method has been considered for the installation and operational cost. The assumed benefit-cost ratio analysis comprises of the lifetime cycle, price of fluorescent lamps, electricity unit price, operating times and hours of lighting bulb. The T8 fluorescent luminaires with low watt loss ballast are compared with T5 fluorescent luminaires and LED lamps. Electricity rates and the cost of the investment are considered to determine the suitable selection of the lighting system in each GMS country.

关键词： Energy management banking Greater Mekong Sub-region countries.