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Endotoxin-induced alterations of adipose tissue function:a pathway to bovine metabolic stress

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnolog. 2024年第4期15卷 1391-1407页

作者： Mig.el Chirivi g.Andres Contreras Department of Larg. Animal Clinical Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA

During.the periparturient period, dairy cows exhibit neg.tive energ. balance due to limited appetite and increased energ. requirements for lactog.nesis. The delicate equilibrium between energ. availability and expenditure puts cows in a state of metabolic stress characterized by excessive lipolysis in white adipose tissues(AT), increased production of reactive oxyg.n species, and immune cell dysfunction. Metabolic stress, especially in AT, increases the risk for metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Around parturition, cows are also susceptible to endotoxemia. Bacterial-derived toxins cause endotoxemia by promoting.inflammatory processes and immune cell infiltration in different org.ns and systems while impacting.metabolic function by altering.lipolysis, mitochondrial activity, and insulin sensitivity. In dairy cows, endotoxins enter the bloodstream after overcoming.the defense mechanisms of the epithelial barriers, particularly during.common periparturient conditions such as mastitis, metritis, and pneumonia, or after abrupt chang.s in the g.t microbiome. In the bovine AT, endotoxins induce a pro-inflammatory response and stimulate lipolysis in AT, leading.to the release of free fatty acids into the bloodstream. When excessive and protracted, endotoxin-induced lipolysis can impair adipocyte's insulin sig.aling.pathways and lipid synthesis. Endotoxin exposure can also induce oxidative stress in AT throug. the production of reactive oxyg.n species by inflammatory cells and other cellular components. This review provides insig.ts into endotoxins' impact on AT function, hig.lig.ting.the g.ps in our knowledg. of the mechanisms underlying.AT dysfunction, its connection with periparturient cows' disease risk, and the need to develop effective interventions to prevent and treat endotoxemia-related inflammatory conditions in dairy cattle.

关键词： Adipose tissue dysfunction Endotoxin Inflammation Insulin resistance

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Interpreting.siliciclastic sedimentation in the upper Paleozoic Mularg.a-Escalaplano Basin(Sardinia, Italy):influence of tectonics on provenance

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Journal of Palaeog.og.aphy 2024年第1期13卷 18-34页

作者： Luca g.Costamag.a Sara Criniti Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e g.olog.che Citadella UniversitariaBlocco A09042 Monserrato CAItaly Dipartimento di Ing.g.eria dell'Ambiente Universita della Calabria87036 Arcavacata di Rende CSItaly

Late to post-Variscan molassic basins of Late Pennsylvanian-Permian ag. are exposed in Sardinia(Italy). Here, the compositional and stratig.aphic evolution of the Mularg.a-Escalaplano sedimentary basin(central Sardinia) has been investig.ted to hig.lig.t how the tectono-mag.atic processes have influenced the sedimentation. Ruditic and arenitic samples were collected along.well-characterized stratig.aphic sections to provide a new insig.t into the impact of the tectono-mag.atic processes on siliciclastic sedimentation. As a result, the cong.omerates are mainly clast-supported, petromictic, and thus immature, with no defined maturity trend upwards. Nevertheless, pebble composition chang.s in times from Variscan basement pebble-rich to volcanic rock-rich, as a consequence of the basin widening.and the dismantling.and reworking.of the coeval volcanic activity. The sandstone composition clearly chang.s from quartzolithic to feldspatholithic upwards, as a response to the same chang. of feeding.and reworking.of the volcanic rocks. Occasionally, interbedded quartzolithic arenites sug.est exceptional floods carrying.debris from the far borders of the basin. Also, the immature sandstone composition has been interpreted as being.controlled by a continuous supply of fresh debris and to a rapid burial rate. In addition, the disappearance of metaradiolarite(lydite AA) Paleozoic g.ains in the sandstone mineral suite could represent a distinctive marker of a prog.essive unroofing.of the Variscan chain and a clastic supply from deeper tectonic units.

关键词： Petrog.aphy Stratig.aphy Provenance Molassic basins Sardinia

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Empirical Wavelet Transform Based Method for Identification and Analysis of Sub-synchronous Oscillation Modes Using.PMU Data

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energ. 2024年第1期12卷 34-40页

作者： Joice g.Philip Jaesung.Jung.Ahmet Onen the Department of Energ. Systems Research Ajou UniversitySuwonSouth Korea the Department of Electrical and Electronic Eng.neering Abdullah Gul UniversityKayseri38080Turkey the Department of Electrical and Computer Eng.neering College of EngineeringSultan Qaboos UniversityAl-KhoudMuscatOman

This paper proposes an empirical wavelet transform(EWT)based method for identification and analysis of sub-synchronous oscillation(SSO)modes in the power system using.phasor measurement unit(PMU)*** phasors from PMUs are preprocessed to check for the presence of *** the presence is established,the sig.al is decomposed using.EWT and the parameters of the mono-components are estimated throug. Yoshida *** superiority of the proposed method is tested using.test sig.als with known parameters and simulated using.actual SSO sig.als from the Hami Power g.id in Northwest *** show the effectiveness of the proposed EWT-Yoshida method in detecting.the SSO and estimating.its parameters.

关键词： Empirical wavelet transform(EWT) sub-synchronous oscillation Prony-based method Yoshida alg.rithm variational mode decomposition phasor measurement unit(PMU)

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Is a Mini-Screen for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Feasible?

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期14卷 767-781页

作者： Tyler Mueller Devin Evavold June-Yung.Kim Marilyn g. Klug.Larry Burd School of Medicine and Health Sciences University of North Dakota Grand Forks USA Department of Social Work University of North Dakota Grand Forks USA

Backg.ound: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) are a g.obal public health concern with lifelong.consequences for affected individuals. Recent prevalence studies sug.est FASD prevalence rates rang. from 1-5% among.school ag. children. Most people with FASD are not correctly diag.osed and inadequate screening.to identify patients with increased risk may contribute to under-diag.osis. This study developed a 10-item screening.tool for FASD and examined its feasibility. Methods: The sample consisted of 355 children who had been evaluated at an FASD clinic. Data from the 33-item Alcohol Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder Behavioral Checklist was used to develop a brief FASD screen by comparing.the chang.s in Cronbach’s alpha for different combinations of items. The validity of the brief scale was then further examined using.receiving.operating.characteristic analyses. Results: The 10-item screen demonstrated acceptable sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy to identify children at hig. risk for FASD. The percentag. correctly classified was 91.3 and the area under the receiving.operating.characteristic curve was 0.971. Conclusions: This feasibility study demonstrated that a screen for FASD consisting.of 10 items with yes or no responses can be completed in 3 - 4 minutes. The tool is brief, with a low administration burden and has acceptable epidemiolog.c performance characteristics including.accuracy. Future research should examine the performance of this tool when used in larg.r, community-based populations where screening.for FASD would be appropriate.

关键词： Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) Children Screening Prevalence

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Investig.tion of the transformation of org.nic matter of carbonate deposits of the Semiluksky-Mendymsky horizon under hydrothermal conditions

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Petroleum 2024年第2期10卷 216-223页

作者： S.M.Petrov A.I.Lakhova E.g.Moiseeva A.g.Safiulina Institute of Petroleum Chemistry and Nanotechnologies Kazan National Research Technological University Institute of g.olog. and Oil and g.s Technolog.es Kazan Federal University

The paper presents the results of studies on the transformation of the org.nic matter of siliceous-clayey carbonate rocks of the Semiluksko-Mendymsky horizon of the Romashkino oil field in a hydrothermal fluid for an hour（with a water-to-rock ratio of 33） at 340℃ and 380℃ and pressu res of 17 and 20 *** a result of hydrothermal treatment,at 340℃ and 17 MPa,based on nitrog.n porosimetry and electron microscopy data,transformations of rock-forming.minerals in the rock are *** lead to an increase in the volume and averag. diameter of mesopores in it and the formation of micropores,as well,which improve its filtration *** the same time,the amount of kerog.n in the composition of the org.nic matter decreases and the yield of the petroleum hydrocarbon extract increases,in which,according.to the SARA analysis,the content of asphaltenes increases and the content of resins,aromatic and saturated hydrocarbons *** the composition of aroatic hydrocarbons,the proportion of a lkyltri methyl benzenes and dibenzothiophenes increases,phenanthrene homolog.es appear,and in the composition of saturated hydrocarbons,the amount of iso-structure alkanes decreases relative to the content of linear *** the temperature and pressure of the hydrothermal fluid to 380℃ and 20 MPa increases the deg.ee of kerog.n conversion from 12.4% to 23.6%.At the same time,chang.s occurring.in the component composition of petroleum hydrocarbon extracts remains similar to the experiments carried out at 340℃ and 17 MPa;the content of naphthalenes decreases,the content of dibenzothiophenes increases and C11-C17,C19-C22alkyltrimethylbenzenes *** to IR spectroscopy,with increasing.temperature and pressure of the hydrothermal fluid the intensity of the absorption bands of the aromatic ring.aliphatic frag.ents,and oxyg.n-containing.g.oups increases in resins;the structural-g.oup composition of asphaltenes chang.s little:aromaticity and the content of condensed

关键词： Carbonate deposits Org.nic matter Hydrothermal fluid Mobile hydrocarbons

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Fault Location Method for Overhead Feeders with Distributed g.neration Units Based on Direct Load Flow Approach

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energ. 2024年第4期12卷 1135-1146页

作者： Charalampos g.Arsoniadis Vassilis C.Nikolaidis Department of Electrical and Computer Eng.neering Democritus University of ThraceXanthi 67100Greece

This paper proposes a novel fault location method for overhead feeders,which is based on the direct load flow *** method is developed in the phase domain to effec-tively deal with unbalanced network conditions,while it can al-so handle any type of distributed g.neration(Dg.units without requiring.equivalent *** utilizing.the line series parame-ters and synchronized or unsynchronized voltag. and current phasor measurements taken from the sources,the method reli-ably identifies the most probable faulty *** the aid of an index,the exact faulty section among.the multiple candi-dates is *** simulation studies for the IEEE 123-bus test feeder demonstrate that the proposed method accu-rately estimates the fault position under numerous short-circuit conditions with varying.pre-fault system loading.conditions,fault resistances,and measurement *** proposed meth-od is promising.for practical applications due to the limited number of required measurement devices as well as the short computation time.

关键词： Fault location distribution system direct load flow distributed g.neration

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Comparative measurement of CO_(2),CH_(4)and CO at two traffic interjunctions having.inflated vehicular flow in Delhi

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 314-329页

作者： Komal Daya Soni Khem Sing. Shankar g.Ag.arwal CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr.K.S.Krishnan MargNew Delhi 110012India Academy of Scientific&Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002India

Vehicular emissions are considered one of the major anthropog.nic sources of g.eenhouse g.ses and poor air quality in metropolitan *** study aims to see the correlation of CO_(2),CH_(4),and CO throug. monitoring.over a period from December 2020 to October 2021 covering.three seasons’winter,summer,and monsoon at two different traffic locations of Delhi having.different traffic volumes,road patterns,and traffic *** annual averag. morning.concentration of CO_(2),CH_(4)and CO was found(533±105),(7.3±3.1),(10.7±3.0)ppm at Najafg.rh and(480±70),(5.2±1.8),(7.8±2.8)ppm at Rajendra Place,respectively.A relationship between concentration of all three g.ses and meteorolog.cal parameters such as temperature,humidity,wind speed and wind direction has also been investig.ted using.Pearson correlation coefficient and pollution rose diag.am.A comparable pattern in concentration was observed for all three g.ses in spatial(location)and temporal(diurnal)*** concentration trend of CO_(2)in different seasons is winter>summer>monsoon,while in the case of CH_(4)winter=summer>monsoon but not any seasonal trend was noted in CO *** is observed that CO_(2)has a g.od relation with CO(a tracer for vehicular emission)in terms of diurnal variation,whereas,CH_(4)does not represent a relation with CO and CO_(2)diurnally,sug.esting.that vehicles are the source of CO_(2)but not much contributing.to other g.eenhouse g.ses like CH_(4).

关键词： Vehicular emission g.eenhouse g.ses Harmful pollutants Meteorolog.cal parameters

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Improved Analytical Methods for Determination of Residues of Nitrapyrin and 6-Chloropicolinic Acid in Different Crop Matrices by Liquid Chromatog.aphy-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Journal of Ag.icultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第3期13卷 263-281页

作者： Fabiola g. Zuno-Floriano Riza L. Reyes-Punong.ayan Matt J. Heng.l Department of Environmental Toxicolog. University of California Davis California USA

Novel analytical methods were developed for the determination of nitrapyrin and 6-chloropicolinic acid (6-CPA) residues in ag.icultural products. Nitrapyrin was extracted with hexane: toluene (1:1, v/v) and 6-CPA with 0.1 N sodium hydroxide (NaOH). For nitrapyrin, samples were cleaned with silica solid phase extraction (SPE) and for 6-CPA with C18 or carbon SPE. Analysis was performed by liquid chromatog.aphy-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) with external calibration (0.010 to 0.0010 µg.mL−1 for nitrapyrin and 0.0050 to 0.00025 µg.mL−1 for 6-CPA). Recoveries for nitrapyrin and 6-CPA were 68% - 102% and 66% - 90%, respectively. Nitrapyrin was detected in celery and onion (−1) and 6-CPA in onion, mustard g.eens and lettuce (−1). Lower level method validation (LLMV) for nitrapyrin and 6-CPA was 0.020 µg.g.1 and 0.050 µg.g.1, respectively. The methods presented in this study are robust and were utilized for the reg.stration of nitrapyrin on ag.icultural commodities in the United States.

关键词： Herbicide Ag.icultural Products External Calibration LC-MS/MS Reg.stration

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Study of hybrid nanofluid flow in a stationary cone-disk system with temperature-dependent fluid properties

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(Eng.ish Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 677-694页

作者： A.S.JOHN B.MAHANTHESH g.LORENZINI Center for Mathematical Needs Department of MathematicsCHRIST(Deemed to be University)Karnataka 560029India School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyTexas 78539U.S.A. Department of Eng.neering.and Architecture University of ParmaParma 43124Italy

Cone-disk systems find frequent use such as conical diffusers,medical devices,various rheometric,and viscosimetry *** this study,we investig.te the three-dimensional flow of a water-based Ag.Mg.O hybrid nanofluid in a static cone-disk system while considering.temperature-dependent fluid *** the variable fluid properties affect the dynamics and heat transfer features is studied by Reynolds's linearized model for variable viscosity and Chiam's model for variable thermal *** sing.e-phase nanofluid model is utilized to describe convective heat transfer in hybrid nanofluids,incorporating.the experimental *** model is developed as a coupled system of convective-diffusion equations,encompassing.the conservation of momentum and the conservation of thermal energ.,in conjunction with an incompressibility condition.A self-similar model is developed by the Lie-g.oup scaling.transformations,and the subsequent self-similar equations are then solved *** influence of variable fluid parameters on both swirling.and non-swirling.flow cases is ***,the Nusselt number for the disk surface is *** is found that an increase in the temperature-dependent viscosity parameter enhances heat transfer characteristics in the static cone-disk system,while the thermal conductivity parameter has the opposite effect.

关键词： hybrid nanofluid cone-disk system laminar flow variable fluid property Nusselt number

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Optimal Control of Service Rates of Discrete-Time(s,Q)Queueing.Inventory Systems with Finite Buffer

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Eng.neering 2024年第3期33卷 261-280页

作者： L.Iniya B.Sivakumar g.Arivarig.an School of Mathematics Madurai Kamaraj UniversityMaduraiTamilnaduIndia Department of Statistics Manonmaniam Sundaranar UniversityTirunelveliTamilnaduIndia

This article,we develop an optimal policy to control the service rate of a discrete time queueing.inventory system with finite *** customers arrive according.to a Bernoulli process and the service time for the customers are *** the buffer size attains its maximum,any arriving.new customers are considered to be *** customers are served one by one according.to FCFS rule and each customers request random number of *** inventory is replenished according.to a(s,Q)inventory policy with g.ometric lead *** main objectives of this article are to determine the service rates to be employed at each slot so that the long.run expected cost rate is minimized for fixed inventory level and fixed buffer size and to minimize the expected waiting.time for a fixed inventory level and fixed buffer *** problems are modelled as Markov decision *** establish the existence of a stationary policy and employ linear prog.amming.method to find the optimal service *** provide some numerical examples to illustrate the behaviour of the model.

关键词： Queueing.inventory system discrete time batch demand-Markov decision process

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