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Critical roles of chemokines and cytokines in antiviral innate immune responses during rabies virus infection

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2017年第3期4卷 260-267页

作者： Ying HUANg Clement wesley gNANADURAI Zhenfang FU Department of Pathology College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Georgia State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Veterinary MedicineHuazhong Agricultural University

The innate immune response is the first line of defense against viral invasion and pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines have a critical function in the innate immune responses against virus infections. The ability of a rabies virus(RABV) to induce the expression of chemokines and cytokines can lead to viral clearance from the central nervous system(CNS), whereas the ability to evade such expression and activation contributes to virulence and pathogenicity. In this review, the crucial contribution of chemokines/cytokines to clearing RABV from the CNS is discussed, including recruiting leukocytes into the CNS, enhancement of blood brain barrier permeability and activation of various immune cells that are essential for viral clearance. In addition, recombinant RABV expressing cytokines and chemokines can induce elevated innate and adaptive immune responses which result in clearing an established wild-type RABV infection in the CNS.

关键词： antiviral blood brain barrier chemokines and cytokines innate immunity rabies virus

Effect of 5-FU on modulation of disarrangement of immune-associated cytokines in experimental acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2009年第16期15卷 2032-2037页

作者： Xiao-Li Chen Sang-Zhu Ciren Hui Zhang Li-geng Duan Alexander J wesley Department of general Surgery The Huaxi Hospital Medical Center University of Sichuan Chengdu 610041 China Department of Surgery Transplantation Division University of Cincinnati Medical Center Cincinnati OH 45267-0558 United States

AIM： To investigate the effects of 5-Fluorouracil （5-FU） on modulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in acute pancreatitis and the mechanism of it in the treatment of acute pancreatitis. METHODS： Male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned to 3 groups： group A, sham operated rats as controls （n = 7）; group B, acute pancreatitis induced by ductal injection with 5% sodium cholate at a volume of 1.0 mL/kg without any other treatment; group C, after the pancreatitis was induced as in group B, the rats were injected intravenously with 5-FU 40 mg/kg. The animals in groups B and C were killed at 2, 6 and 24 h after operation （n = 7）, and blood samples were taken for measurement of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, interleukin-1 （IL-1）, interleukin-6 （IL-6）（by bioassay）, and interleukin-10 （IL-10）, transforming growth factor-β （TgF-β）（by ELISA）. The wet weight of pancreatic tissue, serum amylase levels and white blood cells were also measured. RESULTS： Four rats in group B and one in group C died after pancreatitis was induced. Both pro-inflammatory cytokines （TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6） at the 2 and 6 h period and the anti-inflammatory cytokines （IL-10, TgF-β） at 24 h increased significantly （P 〈 0.05） in rats of group B. After treatment with 5-FU, TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 in serum of rats of group C were inhibited at 2 and 6 h after operation （P 〈 0.05）, and IL-IO, TgF-13 were inhibited at 24 h compared to group B （P 〈 0.05）. Obvious improvements in the severity of the acute pancreatitis, including the amylase levels, wet weight of pancreatic tissue and neutrophil counts, were also observed after treatment with 5-FU. CONCLUSION： 5-FU is an anti-metabolic and immunosuppressive agent which can minimize the abnormal immune o/tokine response and relieve the pathophysiological disorders associated with experimental acute pancreatitis.

关键词： Pancreatitis Cytokines Systemic inflammatory response syndrome 5-Fluorouracil

Linear synchronization and circuit implementation of chaotic system with complete amplitude control

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第12期26卷 124-133页

作者：李春彪 wesley Joo-Chen Thio Julien Clinton Sprott 张若洵陆天爱 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Observation and Information Processing Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing 210044 China School of Electronic & Information Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing 210044 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA Department of Physics University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706 USA College of Teacher Education Xingtai University Xingtai 054001 China

Although chaotic signals are considered to have great potential applications in radar and communication engineering, their broadband spectrum makes it difficult to design an applicable amplifier or an attenuator for amplitude conditioning. Moreover, the transformation between a unipolar signal and a bipolar signal is often required. In this paper, a more intelligent hardware implementation based on field programmable analog array （FPAA） is constructed for chaotic systems with complete amplitude control. Firstly, two chaotic systems with complete amplitude control are introduced, one of which has the property of offset boosting with total amplitude control, while the other has offset boosting and a parameter for partial control. Both cases can achieve complete amplitude control including amplitude rescaling and offset boosting. Secondly, linear synchronization is established based on the special structure of chaotic system. Finally, experimental circuits are constructed on an FPAA where the predicted amplitude control is realized through only two independent configurable analog module （CAM） gain values.

关键词： complete amplitude control amplitude rescaling offset boosting linear synchronization

A SUSTAINABLE LOW COST PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL SUITABLE FOR UNDERDEVELOPED REgIONS

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Journal of green Building 2013年第3期8卷 140-155页

作者： wesley Whipple Bradley Butler Christopher Sterrie Jeffrey Seay College of Engineering University of KentuckyPaducahKentucky42002

Access to fuels for transportation and electric power for buildings is a critical component for *** sources of energy are often difficult to access in rural or underdeveloped *** developing countries in tropical regions are often rich in biological resources,such as biomass and oil seeds,however,extreme poverty,lack of an educated populace and an absence of a reliable manufacturing infrastructure mean that these resources go largely *** contribution will describe the design of a promising prototype for an appropriate technology for the sustainable,low-cost production of biodiesel and its required raw materials from locally available materials and feed *** biodiesel processor will be fuelled by wood or charcoal,consist of no moving parts and utilize passive temperature *** novel process will be safe,easy to operate and suitable for individual or community scale *** project described herein has been developed in collaboration with the African Centre for Renewable Energy and Sustainable Technology(ACREST),an NgO in ***,the implementation of this process by a student team in Bangang Village,Cameroon in sub-Saharan Africa will be *** project is part of a student led People,Prosperity and the Planet design project,sponsored by the *** Protection Agency.

关键词： Biofuel Cameroon sub-Saharan Africa Appropriate Technology Palm Oil

green ionic metal-organic frameworks as nanocatalysts for CO_(2)fixation

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 260-269页

作者： Nuria Martín Miguel Maireles-Porcar Julián Sánchez Velandia Belén Altava Francisco g.Cirujano Eduardo garcía-Verdugo Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica Universidad Jaume IAv.Sos Baynats/nCastellóde la PlanaCastellón 12071Spain

Co,Ni,and Zn iso-reticular coordination polymers of 2,5-dihydroxyterphthalic acid(H_(2)dot)can be rapidly obtained under room temperature and aqueous conditions using either sodium or ammonium hydroxide as the bases to deprotonate the *** use of metal bromides and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide(TBAOH)as the base allows the green synthesis of ionic metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),thermo gravimetric analysis(TgA),H-nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),elemental analysis,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and employed in the pressure,solvent,and additive-free CO_(2)fixation to epoxides by its cycloaddition to epichlorohydrin,exhibiting a cooperative behavior between the MOF and the ionic liquid formed within the framework,achieving TONs of the confined tetrabutylammonium bromide(TBABr)up to 700.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) ionic liquids heterogeneous catalysis CO_(2)conversion

SARS-CoV-2 infection in liver transplant recipients:A complex relationship

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2021年第44期27卷 7734-7738页

作者： Ricardo wesley Alberca gil Benard gabriela gama Freire Alberca Maria Notomi Sato Laboratorio de Dermatologia e Imunodeficiencias(LIM-56) Departamento de Dermatologia e Institute de Medicina TropicalFaculdade de Medicina FMUSPUniversidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246-903Brazil Laboratorio de Dermatologia e Imunodeficiencias(LIM-56) Departamento de DermatologiaFaculdade de Medicina FMUSPUniversidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246-903Brazil

The recent manuscript reviewed investigations involving liver damage in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients,and COVID-19 in patients with previous chronic hepatological diseases,such as patients with liver *** literature presents several conflicting results concerning the anti-SARS-CoV-2 response in patients with solid organ transplants,in liver transplant ***,we would like to humbly state a few points for consideration involving liver transplant recipients and COVID-19,such as the time since transplantation,comorbidities,and immunosuppressive regimens.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Liver transplant Immunosuppression Infection Comorbidities

Free-electron crystals for enhanced X-ray radiation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1299-1309页

作者： Lee Wei wesley Wong Xihang Shi Aviv Karnieli Jeremy Lim Suraj Kumar Sergio Carbajo Ido Kaminer Liang Jie Wong School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore. Solid State Institute and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel. School of Electrical Engineering Fleischman Faculty of EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA. Science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and Design8 Somapah RoadSingapore 487372Singapore. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department UCLA420 WestwoodLos AngelesCA 90095USA. Physics and Astronomy Department UCLA475 Portola PlazaLos AngelesCA 90095USA. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University2575 Sand Hill RoadMenlo ParkCA 94025USA

Bremsstrahlung—the spontaneous emission of broadband radiation from free electrons that are deflected by atomic nuclei—contributes to the majority of X-rays emitted from X-ray tubes and used in applications ranging from medical imaging to semiconductor chip ***,we show that the bremsstrahlung intensity can be enhanced significantly—by more than three orders of magnitude—through shaping the electron wavefunction to periodically overlap with atoms in crystalline ***,we show how to shape the bremsstrahlung X-ray emission pattern into arbitrary angular emission profiles for purposes such as unidirectionality and ***,we find that these enhancements and shaped emission profiles cannot be attributed solely to the spatial overlap between the electron probability distribution and the atomic centers,as predicted by the paraxial and nonrecoil theory for free electron light *** work highlights an unprecedented regime of free electron light emission where electron waveshaping provides multi-dimensional control over practical radiation processes like *** results pave the way towards greater versatility in table-top X-ray sources and improved fundamental understanding of quantum electron-light interactions.

关键词： overlap attributed arbitrary

Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam M.R.groh Moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton g.R.Wayne Moore Jack P.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

ECMO in major burn patients: feasibility and considerations when multiple modes of mechanical ventilation fail

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第2期5卷 134-139页

作者： Jason D. Kennedy wesley Thayer Reuben Beuno Kelly Kohorst Avinash B. Kumar Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Vanderbilt University Medical Center 121121st Avenue S Suite 526 Nashville TN 37212 USA Department of Plastic Surgery Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA

Background: We report two cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome in burn patients who were successfully managed with good outcomes with extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) after failing multiple conventional modes of ventilation, and review the relevant *** presentation: The two patients were a 39-year-old male and 53-year-old male with modified Baux Scores of 79 and 78, respectively, with no known inhalation injury. After the initial modified Parkland-based fluid resuscitation and partial escharotomy, both patients developed worsening hypoxemia and acute respiratory distress *** hypoxemia continued to worsen on multiple modes of ventilation including volume control, pressure regulated volume control, pressure control, airway pressure release ventilation and volumetric diffusive *** both cases, the PaO2 ≤ 50 mm Hg on a FiO2100% during the trial of mechanical ventilation. The deterioration was rapid (g oxygenation) in both cases.A decision was made to trial the patients on ECMO. Veno-Venous ECMO (V-V ECMO) was successfully initiated following cannulation-under transesophgeal echo guidance—with the dual lumen Avalon? (Maquet, NJ, USA) cannula. ECMO support was maintained for 4 and 24 days, respectively. Both patients were successfully weaned off ECMO and were discharged to rehabilitation following their complex hospital ***: Early ECMO for isolated respiratory failure in the setting on maintained hemodynamics resulted in a positive outcome in our two burn patients suffered from acute respiratory distress syndrome.

关键词： ARDS Burns Extra corporeal membrane oxygenation Rescue ventilation Conventional ventilation failure Veno-venous ECMO